By the 12th century, the Mishneh Torah ( i. e., Rabbi Moses Maimonides ) was criticizing Christianity on the grounds of idol worship, in that Christians attributed divinity to Jesus who had a physical body.

* The Sefer Mitzvot Gadol ( The " SeMaG ") of Rabbi Moses ben Jacob of Coucy ( first half of the 13th century, Coucy, Northern France ).

Mosheh ben Maimon ( משה בן מימון )‎, called Moses Maimonides and also known as Mūsā ibn Maymūn (), or RaMBaM ( רמב " ם – Hebrew acronym for " Rabbi Mosheh Ben Maimon "), was a preeminent medieval Jewish philosopher and one of the most prolific and followed Torah scholars and physicians of the Middle Ages.

" Moses our Teacher / Rabbi "), he is the most important prophet in Judaism, and is also considered an important prophet in Christianity and Islam, as well as a number of other faiths.

* Ashkenazic Orthodox Jews have traditionally based most of their practices on the Rema, the gloss on the Shulchan Aruch by Rabbi Moses Isserles, reflecting differences between Ashkenazi and Sephardi custom.

Jewish theologians, who choose to emphasize the more evolutionary nature of the Halacha point to a famous story in the Talmud, where Moses is miraculously transported to the House of Study of Rabbi Akiva and is clearly unable to follow the ensuing discussion.

A leading scholar of the Kabbalah, Moshe Idel ( Hasidism: Between Ecstasy and Magic, SUNY, 1995, pp. 17 – 18 ), ascribes this doctrine to the kabbalistic system of Rabbi Moses Cordovero ( 1522 – 1570 ) and in the eighteenth century, Rabbi Israel ben Eliezer, the Baal Shem Tov, founder of the Hasidic movement, as well as his contemporary, Rabbi Menahem Mendel, the Maggid of Bar.

** Rabbi Moses ben Jacob Cordovero-Jewish kabbalist from Safed, Israel

* Rabbi Isaac ben Moses of Vienna ( d. 1270 )

A teacher of the 3rd century, Rabbi Simlai, traces the development of Jewish religious principles from Moses with his 613 mitzvot of prohibition and injunction, through David, who, according to this rabbi, enumerates eleven ; through Isaiah, with six ; Micah, with three ; to Habakkuk who simply but impressively sums up all religious faith in the single phrase, " The pious lives in his faith " ( Talmud, Mak., toward end ).

* Rabbi Moses Sofer ( 18th – 19th century leader of Eastern European ultra-Orthodox )

* Rabbi Dr. Moses Mescheloff

In the Talmud, Rabbi Joshua interpreted that they petitioned first the assembly, then the chieftains, then Eleazar, and finally Moses, but Abba Chanan said in the name of Rabbi Eliezer that Zelophehad's daughters stood before all of them as they were sitting together.

* Tomer Devorah ( The Palm Tree of Deborah ) by Rabbi Moses ben Jacob Cordovero

; 1135 – 1204: Rabbi Moses ben Maimon, aka Maimonides or the Rambam is the leading rabbi of Sephardic Jewry.

A wealth of later works include commentary and exposition by such halachic authorities as the Ketzoth ha-Choshen and Avnei Millu ' im, Netivoth ha-Mishpat, the Vilna Gaon, Rabbi Yechezkel Landau ( Dagul Mervavah ), Rabbis Akiva Eger, Moses Sofer, and Chaim Joseph David Azulai ( Birkei Yosef ) whose works are widely recognized and cited extensively in later halachic literature.

Nahmanides, also known as Rabbi Moses ben Naḥman Girondi, Bonastruc ça ( de ) Porta and by his acronym Ramban ( 1194 – 1270 ), was a leading medieval Jewish scholar, Catalan rabbi, philosopher, physician, kabbalist, and biblical commentator.

" This addition was subsequently endorsed by the Rabbi of Mainz, Jacob ben Moses Moelin, " the Maharil " ( died 1427 ).

Rabbi Moses Hagiz ( 1671-c. 1750 ) was born in Jerusalem and waged a campaign against Sabbatian emissaries during 1725-1726.

Rabbi Elijah Ba ' al Shem of Chelm was a student of Rabbi Solomon Luria who was, in turn a student of Rabbi Shalom Shachna-father-in-law and teacher of Moses Isserles.

* Giuseppe Barzilai goes back for explanation to the first verse of the prayer attributed to Rabbi Nehunya ben HaKanah, the literal rendering of which is “ O, with thy mighty right hand deliver the unhappy ,” forming from the initial and final letters of the words the word Abrakd ( pronounced Abrakad ), with the meaning “ the host of the winged ones ,” i. e., angels.

In Jewish lore, blood libels were the impetus for the creation of the Golem of Prague by Rabbi Judah Loew ben Bezalel in the 16th century.

The philosopher and astronomer Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra ( c. 1140 ) established the symmetry of binomial coefficients, while a closed formula was obtained later by the talmudist and mathematician Levi ben Gerson ( better known as Gersonides ), in 1321.

In his commentary on the Talmud, Maimonides ( Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon ) wrote:

In it, Gans writes of an audience between the Maharal and Rudolph II: " Our lord the emperor … Rudolph … sent for and called upon our master Rabbi Low ben Bezalel and received him with a welcome and merry expression, and spoke to him face to face, as one would to a friend.

The Jewish calendar's epoch ( reference date ), 1 Tishrei 1 AM, is equivalent to Monday, 7 October 3761 BCE in the proleptic Julian calendar, the equivalent tabular date ( same daylight period ) and is about one year before the traditional Jewish date of Creation on 25 Elul AM 1, based upon the Seder Olam Rabbah of Rabbi Yossi ben Halafta, a 2nd century CE sage.

* The work of the Rosh, Rabbi Asher ben Jehiel ( 1250 ?/ 1259 ?– 1328 ), an abstract of the Talmud, concisely stating the final halakhic decision and quoting later authorities, notably Alfasi, Maimonides, and the Tosafists.

* The Arba ' ah Turim ( The Tur, The Four Columns ) by Rabbi Jacob ben Asher ( 1270 – 1343, Toledo, Spain ).

In writing the Shulchan Aruch, Rabbi Karo based his rulings on three authorities — Maimonides ( Rambam ), Asher ben Jehiel ( Rosh ), and Isaac Alfasi ( Rif ); he considered the Mordechai in inconclusive cases.

Tradition records the young Israel ben Eliezer joining their ranks under Rabbi Adam Baal Shem and guiding their outreach.

The Medieval rabbinic figure Maimonides ( Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon ), also known as the Rambam, wrote a commentary to tractate Sanhedrin stressing a relatively naturalistic interpretation of the Messiah and de-emphasizing miraculous elements.

His full Hebrew name is Rabbi Mosheh ben Maimon (), whose acronym forms " Rambam " ( רמב " ם ).

There were female Tannaic Torah jurists such as Rabbi Meir's wife, Rabbi Meir's daughter, and the daughter of Haninyah ben Teradyon Haninyah's daughter is again mentioned as a sage in the non-Talmud 3rd Century text Tractate Semahot verse 12: 13.

* Rabbi Obadiah ben Abraham of Bertinoro ( 15th century ) wrote one of the most popular Mishnah commentaries.

Traditionally attributed to the tannaitic Rabbi Yose ben Halafta.

Rabbi Peretz ben Elijah ruled, " The cry of the daughters of our people has been heard concerning the sons of Israel who raise their hands to strike their wives.

At the age of 17 he married and soon after went to learn in the yeshiva of Rabbi Yaakov ben Yakar in Worms, returning to his wife three times yearly, for the Days of Awe, Passover and Shavuot.

When Rabbi Yaakov died in 1064, Rashi continued learning in Worms for another year in the yeshiva of his relative, Rabbi Isaac ben Eliezer Halevi, who was also chief rabbi of Worms.

Maimonides studied Torah under his father Maimon, who had in turn studied under Rabbi Joseph ibn Migash – a student of Isaac Alfasi.

* Hilchot Deot by Maimonides ( Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon )

* The Eight Chapters by Maimonides ( Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon )

On the other end of the philosophical spectrum is the view of Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon, better known as Maimonides.

There have been rabbinical attempts to renew Semicha and re-establish a Sanhedrin by Rabbi Jacob Berab in 1538, Rabbi Yisroel Shklover in 1830, Rabbi Aharon Mendel haCohen in 1901, Rabbi Zvi Kovsker in 1940 and Rabbi Yehuda Leib Maimon in 1949.

Shmuel Ha-Nagid, Hasdai Ibn Shaprut, and Rabbi Moshe ben Hanoch founded the Lucena Yeshiva that produced such brilliant scholars as Rabbi Yitzhak ibn Ghiath and Rabbi Maimon ben Yosef ( father of Maimonides ).

He was a student of his father, Rabbi Maimon ben Yosef ( a student of Joseph ibn Migash ) in Cordoba, Spain.

While such scholars as Rabbi Saadia Gaon, Rabbi Bahya ibn Paquda, and Rabbi Yehuda Halevi elaborated on proper monotheism and the issues of idolatry, without a doubt Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon ( Maimonides ) was the most thorough in his elucidation of monotheism and the problems of idolatry.

The Jewish Agency Executive comprised David Ben-Gurion, as chairman, and Rabbi Yehuda Leib Maimon and Yitzhak Gruenbaum.