Later movements, such as Baconianism, pansophism, and Cartesianism, in different ways built on Ramism, and took advantage of the space cleared by some of the simplifications ( and oversimplifications ) it had effected.

The first writings on Ramism, after the death of Ramus, included biographies, and were by disciples of sorts: Freigius ( 1574 or 1575 ), Banosius ( 1576 ), Nancelius ( 1599 ), of whom only Nancelius was closely acquainted with the man.

After completing his dissertation on the French logician and educational reformer Peter Ramus ( 1515-1572 ) and Ramism under the supervision of Perry Miller at Harvard University in 1954, Ong returned to Saint Louis University, where he would teach for the next 30 years.

McLuhan vigorously encouraged Ong's work, and eventually drew upon his former student's perspective on Ramism to write his own pivotal work, ‘ The Gutenberg Galaxy .’

Ramism was a collection of theories on rhetoric, logic and pedagogy based on the teachings of Petrus Ramus, a French academic, philosopher and Huguenot convert who was murdered in 1572 during the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in August.

Audomarus Talaeus ( Omer Talon ) was an early French disciple and writer on Ramism.

Gerhard Johann Vossius at Leiden wrote massive works on classical rhetoric and opposed Ramism.

She considers that Ramism drew on Lullism, but is more superficial ; was opposed to the classical art of memory ; and moved in an opposite direction to the occult ( reducing rather than increasing the role of images ).

The cultural impact of Ramism depended on the nexus of printing ( trees regularly laid out with braces ) and rhetoric, forceful and persuasive at least to some Protestants ; and it had partly been anticipated in cataloguing and indexing knowledge and its encyclopedism by Conrad Gesner.

Two other theses of Ong on Ramism are: the end of copia or profuseness for its own sake in writing, making Ramus an opponent of the Erasmus of Copia: Foundations of the Abundant Style ; and the beginning of the later Cartesian emphasis on clarity.

It is a work ( he says against Ong ) of a rooted scholar with a " method " but turning Ramism back on itself.

The progress of Ramism in the half-century roughly 1575 to 1625 was closely related to, and mediated by, university education: the religious factor came in through the different reception in Protestant and Catholic universities, all over Europe.

He was a representative Dutch opponent ; Ramism did not take permanent hold in the universities of the Netherlands, and once William Ames had died, it declined.

The second book, which contains the review of Aristotle's dialectic or logic, throughout reflects Ramism in tone and method.

Ramism was closely linked to systematic Calvinism, but the hybrid Philippo-Ramism ( which is where the Semi-Ramists fit in ) arose as a blend of Ramus with the logic of Philipp Melanchthon.

It was later systematized in part by Petrus Ramus as an essential part of Ramism.

Ames was much influenced in terms of method by Ramism, and opposed the residual teaching of Aristotle.

Several of the works have been seen as influenced by Ramism, at least in terms of structure.

An alternative to this aspect of Ramism, as belated and diminishing, is the discussion initiated by Walter Ong of Ramus in relation to several evolutionary steps.

In the end the art of memory was diminished in Ramism, displaced by an idea of " method ": better mental organisation would be more methodical, and mnemonic techniques drop away.

Johann Heinrich Alsted ( March 1588 – November 9, 1638 ) was a German Calvinist minister and academic, known for his varied interests: in Ramism and Lullism, pedagogy and encyclopedias, theology and millennarianism.

The best known of Ong's theses is Ramus the post-Gutenberg writer, in other words the calibration of the indexing and schematics involved in Ramism to the transition away from written manuscripts, and the spoken word.

Francis Bacon, a Cambridge graduate, was early aware of Ramism, but the near-equation of dispositio with method was unsatisfactory, for Baconians, because arrangement of material was seen to be inadequate for research.

Ramism was built into the curriculum, with the professors required to give Ramist treatments of the trivium.

As Ramism evolved, these characteristic binary trees, set up rigidly, were treated differently in various fields.

The longest-lasting strand of Ramism was in systematic Calvinist theology, where textbook treatments with a Ramist framework were still used into the eighteenth century, particularly in New England.

" This complex oratorical-prayer system is absent from Ramism.

In general, Ramism liked to deal with binary trees as method for organising knowledge.

He supported Aristotle's definitions, and opposed Ramism.

* Donald McKim, Ramism in William Perkins ' Theology, New York: Peter Lang, 1987.

1, No. 1, The English Renaissance ( Winter, 1961 ), pp. 31-47 ), Ong discusses Ramism as a transition phase between the Classical style of education and the modern one.

He writes, "... Ramism might seem merely quaint, perhaps artistically lethal, but of no great importance.

Professor of Logic at Uppsala where he supported Aristotelian philosophy against the adherents of Ramism.

Ramism, while in fashion, met with considerable hostility.

In general, Ramism liked to deal with binary trees as method for organising knowledge.

Known as an advocate of Ramism, and involved in controversy with Everard Digby of Oxford, he became secretary to Sir Philip Sidney about a year later, in 1585.

How could he exert authority over them -- make them toe the line, as he had to -- if he knuckled under to this small-town clown??

Although modern scholars have expressed surprise that `` the simple magic square of three '', a mere `` mathematical puzzle '', was able to exert a considerable influence on the minds and imaginations of the cultured Chinese for so many centuries, they could have found most of the answers right within the square itself.

Being in a coalition allows males to dominate a third individual when they could not by themselves, as politically apt chimps can exert power over aggressive interactions regardless of their rank.

The constitution provides some cases where the President could exert more power, but this has never occurred.

Thereafter in the 1990s, the PCs were a small party in the Canadian House of Commons, and could only exert legislative pressure on the government through their power in the Senate of Canada.

The arms, which could exert a lot of force but were likely covered in long feathers, may have been used as flapping stabilizers for balance while atop a struggling prey animal, along with the stiff counterbalancing tail.

1608-13 ) could exert influences.

Elections to the state legislature – the one control the masses could exert over the government – were often uncontested and rarely allowed the “ plebian ” a clear choice between two parties or policies.

With the Western throne vacant, Gaiseric supported Olybrius for the purple ; the reason for this decision was that Gaiseric's son Huneric and Olybrius had married the two daughters of Valentinian III ( Petronius ' son, Palladius, had been killed during the sack of Rome ), and therefore, with Olybrius on the throne, Gaiseric could exert great influence on the Western Empire.

He wrote to Dr. Southwood Smith, one of eighty-four commissioners responsible for the Second Report, about his change in plans: " ou will certainly feel that a Sledge hammer has come down with twenty times the force – twenty thousand times the force – I could exert by following out my first idea.

However, Ricimer could expect to exert a great influence on the new Western Emperor, because of their relationship, dating back to the time of their service under Aetius, and of his control on the army as magister militum.

It would be unjust to deny that he had a real sympathy with sufferers from oppression or misfortune ; even when he was himself an exile he could interest himself in the distresses of English prisoners of war, and exert the remains of his influence to get them relieved.

The idea that advanced machines ( including living beings ) could exert more control over their environments and operate in a wider range of situations perhaps serves as a basis for making the terms such as ' advanced ' amenable to more exact definition.

Heimlich has objected to the name " abdominal thrusts " on the grounds that the vagueness of the term " abdomen " could cause the rescuer to exert force at the wrong site.

Of the 116 active IOC members, 17 could not vote in the first round, leaving 99 members able to exert their voting rights.

An important question raised by this interpretation is how mere symbols could exert material effects.

The King was burdened with ministerial troubles, and his mother, secure in the support of his favourite Lord Bute, was able to exert all the influence and authority which age and knowledge of the world and the position of a parent could give her over a young and inexperienced couple.

These beta-adrenoceptors could exert a dilator mechanism on the above-described basal tone of the facial cutaneous venous plexus.

He suggested that the two Artin children — only one quarter Jewish, or in Nazi terminology, “ Mischlinge zweiten Grades ”— might, if a few strategic strings could be pulled, be officially “ aryanized .” Hasse offered to exert his influence with the Ministry of Education ( Kultur-und Schulbehörde, Hochschulwesen ), and Emil — not daring to leave any stone unturned, especially with respect to the safety of his children — went along with this effort.

But while Roman women held no direct political power, those from wealthy or powerful families could and did exert influence through private negotiations .< ref > Kristina Milnor, " Women in Roman Historiography ," in The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Historians ( Cambridge University Press, 2009 ), p. 278 ; Ann Ellis Hanson, " The Restructuring of Female Physiology at Rome ," in Les écoles médicales à Rome: Actes du 2 < sup > ème </ sup > Colloque international sur les textes médicaux latins antiques, Lausanne, septembre 1986 ( Université de Nantes, 1991 ), p. 256 .</ ref > Exceptional women who left an undeniable mark on history range from the semi-legendary Lucretia and Claudia Quinta, whose stories took on mythic significance ; fierce Republican-era women such as Cornelia, mother of the Gracchi, and Fulvia, who commanded an army and issued coins bearing her image ; women of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, most prominently Livia, who contributed to the formation of Imperial mores ; and the empress Helena, a driving force in establishing Christianity as the official religion of Rome.

The arms, which could exert a lot of force but were likely covered in long feathers, may have been used as flapping stabilizers for balance while atop a struggling prey animal, along with the stiff counterbalancing tail.

NSE was able to exert much greater control and accountability over both its operating budget and service quality than BR could under its Regions.

Another player then could exert quick and brutal punishment on the helpless victim.

Adler had perhaps been ' the first to explore and develop a comprehensive social theory of the psychodynamic self '; and ' after Adler's death, some of his views ... came to exert considerable influence on neo-Freudian theory ': indeed, it has been suggested of ' Horney and Sullivan ... that these theorists could be more accurately described as " neo-Adlerians " than " neo-Freudians "'.