Retrospectively, " networking " of " data " in the Russian language can be traced to the spread of mail and journalism in Russia, and information transfer by technical means came to Russia with the telegraph and radio ( besides, a 1837 sci-fi novel Year 4338, by the 19-century Russian philosopher Vladimir Odoevsky, contains predictions such as " friends ' houses are connected by means of magnetic telegraphs that allow people who live far from each other to talk to each other " and " household journals " " having replaced regular correspondence " with " information about the hosts ’ good or bad health, family news, various thoughts and comments, small inventions, as well as invitations ").

Retrospectively, the lin-4 small RNA was the first microRNA to be identified, though at the time, it was thought to be a nematode idiosyncrasy.

Retrospectively, it can be said that the quality of graphics in the game is far from the highest that Amiga games later reached, but by 1986 standards, the results were admirable.

Retrospectively, if one compares the 130 with big BMW and Mercedes sedans, the Fiat 130 Berlina type " B " may be the winner in terms of interior design and some comfort elements.

" Retrospectively called by one historian " the most famous breach of academic freedom " of the era, the University of Pennsylvania's action had the effect of making Scott Nearing into a public figure and fueled a long-running discussion about the proper role and rights of the teacher.

Retrospectively the water-cooled Fiat 600 is sometimes over-shadowed by the air-cooled Fiat 500, but the 600 was a remarkably fast seller in its time: the millionth 600 was produced in February 1961, less than six years after the car's launch.

Retrospectively, McDowell was impressed at how many people made the connection between the film's title and the star Betelgeuse.

* Retrospectively rated insurance is a method of establishing a premium on large commercial accounts.

Retrospectively, Next received a 2 out of 5 on Allmusic.

Retrospectively, Zawinul would accuse Vitouš of being unable to play funk convincingly ( something which Greg Errico would corroborate ) and claim that he had not provided enough music for the band.

Retrospectively, David the Builder has been variously referred to as David II, III, and IV, reflecting substantial variation in the ordinals assigned to the Georgian Bagratids, especially in the early period of their history, owing to the fact that the numbering of successive rulers moves between the many branches of the family.

Retrospectively, the WM has either been described as a 3 – 2 – 5 or as a 3 – 4 – 3, or more precisely a 3 – 2 – 2 – 3 reflecting the letters which symbolised it.

Retrospectively the two branches of Douglas and Angus were described as the Black and Red lines respectively.

Retrospectively, Elliot praises her.

Retrospectively, " Keep Yourself Alive " is cited as the highlight of Queen's otherwise inconsistent debut album.

Retrospectively, these papers disclose that the authors grouped together different types of the syndrome.

In historiography, historical revisionism is the reinterpretation of orthodox views on evidence, motivations, and decision-making processes surrounding a historical event.

But what is true is that insofar as Marx and Engels regarded historical processes as law-governed processes, the possible future directions of historical development were to a great extent limited and conditioned by what happened before.

Therefore, Weber was more interested in explaining how a certain outcome was the result of various historical processes rather than predicting an outcome of those processes in the future.

In the historical relationship between metaphysics and philosophy of religion, the traditional objects of religious discussion have been very special sorts of entities ( such as gods, angels, supernatural forces, and the like ) and events, abilities, or processes ( the creation of the universe, the ability to do or know anything, interaction between humans and gods, and so forth ).

These interconnected historical processes inform environmental history in India.

* Anthropology studies political economy by investigating regimes of political and economic value that condition tacit aspects of sociocultural practices ( for example, the pejorative use of pseudo-Spanish expressions in the US-American entertainment media ) by means of broader historical, political, and sociological processes ; analyses of structural features of transnational processes focus on the interactions between the world capitalist system and local cultures.

From an evolutionary perspective, a convoluted structure such as the inverted retina can generally come about as a consequence of two alternative processes ; ( a ) an advantageous " good " compromise between competing functional limitations, or ( b ) as a historical maladaptive relic of the convoluted path of organ evolution and transformation.

1100 ) includes the generations " Caratauc map Cinbelin map Teuhant ", corresponding, via established processes of language change, to " Caratacus, son of Cunobelinus, son of Tasciovanus ", preserving the names of the three historical figures in correct relationship.

However, one of the most serious criticisms of SPE is that the so-called phonological processes alleged to be part of a speaker's competence are really only the successive phonetic transformations of the original historical lexical items.

However, the question of whether the Commonwealth's decline was caused by Sigismund's decisions or had its roots in historical processes beyond his personal control, remains a highly debated topic.

Historian and theorist Bryan Palmer argues that gender studies current reliance on post-structuralism — with its reification of discourse and avoidance of the structures of oppression and struggles of resistance — obscures the origins, meanings, and consequences of historical events and processes, and he seeks to counter the current gender studies with an argument for the necessity to analyze lived experience and the structures of subordination and power.

He interprets the advent of the " genuinely " historical novel at the beginning of the 19th century in terms of two developments, or processes.

Some social scientists suggest that the historical processes of suburbanization and decentralization are instances of white privilege that have contributed to contemporary patterns of environmental racism.

Instead of punishment that comes openly, the hiding of the Divine countenance abandons the people to natural laws and historical processes.

Colin Renfrew, a proponent of the new processual archaeology, observed in 1987 that it focuses attention on " the underlying historical processes which are at the root of change ".

" As an historical trend, dominant functions and processes in the Information Age are increasingly organized around networks.

Thus a claim that gender is socially constructed probably means that gender, as currently understood, is not an inevitable result of biology, but highly contingent on social and historical processes.

This was, fundamentally, an outgrowth of historical materialism, which predicted the inevitable triumph of communism and which reduced the world to physical laws and processes which could be manipulated for " building socialism.

Upon second thought we were forced to realize that we have very few reliable historical benchmarks against which we might compare the present situation, and that conclusions that present-day students are `` more '' or `` less '' religious could not be defended on the basis of our data.

No one could be more devoted than he to the American Congress as an institution and more aware of its historical significance in the political history of the world, and I shall never forget his moving talks, delivered in simple yet eloquent words, upon the meaning of our jobs as Representatives in the operation of representative government and their importance in the context of today's assault upon popular government.

In all his miscalculations, Stravinsky made the fatal historical blunder of presuming that he could transform other composers' inspirations -- representing many peoples, time periods and styles -- into his own music by warping the harmony, melody, or form, to verify his own experiments.

Because of the authentic homogeneity of his early Nationalistic materials, and his flair for orchestrations -- his brilliant Petruchka, his savage Sacre Du Printemps, his incisive Les Noces -- the world kept hoping that he could recapture the historical direction for which his native talents were predisposed.

Such a deep controversy within the Church during this period of its development could not have materialized without significant historical influences providing a basis for the Arian doctrines.

One example which could have been overlooked without historical records is the Mayan interest in the planet Venus.

There are two major historical contexts within which the Edomites could have committed such an act.

This indicates a deep knowledge of a variety of historical subjects that he could not help but share.

This ambivalence was rooted, of course, in the historical circumstances in which the work was originally produced, in particular, the rise of National Socialism, state capitalism, and mass culture as entirely new forms of social domination that could not be adequately explained within the terms of traditional Marxist sociology.

That military respect for law began The Ten Years of Spring, a democratic period of free speech and open political activity, plans for national land reform, and the historical perception, by the intelligentsia, that much and great political progress could be made in realizing the civil governance of Guatemala.

Thus, since the 19th century many historical Jesus scholars have argued that only one of the two traditions could be authentic.

Philosopher of science Karl Popper, in his Conjectures and Refutations, critiqued such claims of the explanatory power or valid application of historical materialism by arguing that it could explain or explain away any fact brought before it, making it unfalsifiable.

In his 1940 essay " Theses on the Philosophy of History ," scholar Walter Benjamin compares historical materialism to The Turk, an 18th Century device which was promoted as a mechanized automaton which could defeat skilled chess players but actually concealed a human who controlled the machine.

Leszek Kołakowski described Marcuse's views as essentially anti-Marxist, in that they ignored Marx's critique of Hegel and discarded the historical theory of class struggle entirely in favor of an inverted Freudian reading of human history where all social rules could and should be discarded to create a " New World of Happiness ".

Haggis is popularly assumed to be of Scottish origin, but there is a lack of historical evidence that could conclusively attribute its origins to any one place.

In " Liberty and the News " ( 1919 ) and " Public Opinion " ( 1921 ) Lippmann expressed the hope that liberty could be redefined to take account of the scientific and historical perspective and that public opinion could be managed by a system of intelligence in and out of government.

She assumed that children's songs were a peculiar form of coded historical narrative, propaganda or covert protest, and rarely considered that they could have been written simply for entertainment.

The Florentine humanist Lorenzo Valla ( d. 1457 ), in his commentaries on the New Testament, did much to establish that the author of the Corpus Areopagiticum could not have been St. Paul's convert, though he was unable to identify the actual historical author.

Robert M. Price claims that if the resurrection could, in fact, be proven through science or historical evidence, the event would lose its miraculous qualities.

Their names had not been credited in most movie and historical accounts, and they were turned back before they could visit President Kennedy's inauguration, though the Australian coastwatcher would also meet the president.

An argument for the conflict between religion and science that combines the historical and philosophical approaches has been presented by Neil Degrasse Tyson — Tyson argues that religious scientists, such as Isaac Newton, could have achieved more had they not accepted religious answers to unresolved scientific issues.

Alternatively it has been suggested that the star could be in a low-activity state analogous to a Maunder minimum — a historical period, associated with the Little Ice Age in Europe, when sunspots became exceedingly rare on the Sun's surface.