Robert Nozick's 1974 book Anarchy, State, and Utopia, which won a National Book Award, responded to Rawls from a libertarian perspective and gained academic respectability for libertarian viewpoints.

Robert Nozick and John Rawls expressed competing visions in Nozick's Anarchy, State, and Utopia and Rawls ' A Theory of Justice.

There are a number of alternatives proposed, including Robert Nozick's arguments for a requirement that knowledge ' tracks the truth ' and Simon Blackburn's additional requirement that we do not want to say that those who meet any of these conditions ' through a defect, flaw, or failure ' have knowledge.

Other non-evidentialist theories include: the Causal Theory, according to which S knows p if and only if Ss belief in p is causally connected in an appropriate way with Ss believing p ; and Robert Nozick's Truth Tracking Theory, according to which S knows p if and only if ( i ) p is true, ( ii ) S believes p, ( iii ) Ss attitude toward p tracks the truth value of p in that, when p is not true, S does not believe p and when p is true, S does believe p.

* Robert Nozick's cricism of John Rawls in Anarchy, State and Utopia

Approaches are regarded as more philosophical when they study the fundamentals-for example, John Rawls ' A Theory of Justice ( 1971 ) and Robert Nozick's Anarchy, State and Utopia ( 1974 ).

He was an opponent of influential minarchist philosopher Robert Nozick, and referred to Nozick's followers as " Nozis.

MacIntyre charges a strong critique against individualist political philosophy, such as John Rawls ' A Theory of Justice and Robert Nozick's Anarchy, State, and Utopia.

Although founded as a preparatory and vocational school by Amos G. Throop in 1891, the college attracted influential scientists such as George Ellery Hale, Arthur Amos Noyes, and Robert Andrews Millikan in the early 20th century.

Boston merchant Robert Calef began his eight-year campaign against the influential Mathers.

Wilfrid Sellars, an influential figure in the so-called " Pittsburgh school " ( Robert Brandom, John McDowell ) had been a student of Marvin Farber, a pupil of Husserl, and was influenced by phenomenology through him:

He is widely acclaimed as one of Hollywood's most innovative and influential film directors and he epitomized the group of filmmakers known as the New Hollywood, that includes Martin Scorsese, Terrence Malick, Robert Altman, Woody Allen, William Friedkin, Philip Kaufman and George Lucas, who emerged in the early 1970s with unconventional ideas that challenged contemporary film-making.

The widely distributed and influential work of Sir Robert Thompson, counter-insurgency expert of the Malayan Emergency, offers several such guidelines.

Though Chrétien ’ s account is the earliest and most influential of all Grail texts, it was in the work of Robert de Boron that the Grail truly became the " Holy Grail " and assumed the form most familiar to modern readers.

Scorsese is hailed as one of the most significant and influential filmmakers of all time, directing landmark films such as Mean Streets ( 1973 ), Taxi Driver ( 1976 ), Raging Bull ( 1980 ), and Goodfellas ( 1990 ) – all of which he collaborated on with actor and close friend Robert De Niro.

At the turn of the 21st century, well-established artists such as Sir Anthony Caro, Lucian Freud, Cy Twombly, Robert Rauschenberg, Jasper Johns, Agnes Martin, Al Held, Ellsworth Kelly, Helen Frankenthaler, Frank Stella, Kenneth Noland, Jules Olitski, Claes Oldenburg, Jim Dine, James Rosenquist, Alex Katz, Philip Pearlstein, and younger artists including Brice Marden, Chuck Close, Sam Gilliam, Isaac Witkin, Sean Scully, Mahirwan Mamtani, Joseph Nechvatal, Elizabeth Murray, Larry Poons, Richard Serra, Walter Darby Bannard, Larry Zox, Ronnie Landfield, Ronald Davis, Dan Christensen, Joel Shapiro, Tom Otterness, Joan Snyder, Ross Bleckner, Archie Rand, Susan Crile, and dozens of others continued to produce vital and influential paintings and sculpture.

The Phrenological Society of Edinburgh founded by George and Andrew Combe was an example of the credibility of phrenology at the time, and included a number of extremely influential social reformers and intellectuals, including the publisher Robert Chambers, the astronomer John Pringle Nichol, the evolutionary environmentalist Hewett Cottrell Watson and asylum reformer William A. F.

Many people contributed to the development of phenetics, but the most influential were Peter Sneath and Robert R. Sokal.

In 1657 Stuyvesant, who did not tolerate full religious freedom in the colony, and especially the presence of Quakers, ordered the public torture of Robert Hodgson, a 23-year-old Quaker convert who had become an influential preacher.

* Shalhope, Robert E. " Toward a Republican Synthesis: The Emergence of an Understanding of Republicanism in American Historiography ", William and Mary Quarterly, 29 ( Jan. 1972 ), 49-80 in JSTOR, ( an influential article ).

Arguably the first influential classic electric blues slide guitarist is Elmore James, whose riff in the song " Dust My Broom " is copied from Robert Johnson and is held in particularly high regard.

Formed in New York City, at various times the band included influential guitarist Robert Quine, Ivan Julian, Naux Maciel, Jahn Xavier, former Contortions and Raybeats guitarist Jody Harris, Golden Palominos leader Anton Fier, and future Ramone Marc Bell.

The Reverend Thomas Robert Malthus FRS ( 13 or 14 February 1766 – 23 or 29 December 1834 ) was an English scholar, influential in political economy and demography.

This trend received an extra boost in the 1980s and 1990s, when influential wine writer Robert M. Parker, Jr. started to award very high scores, up to the " perfect " score of 100 points, to wines of some Rhône producers.

Some of the influential and popular directors from the 1980s to 2000s include James Cameron ( the first two Terminator films, Aliens, True Lies ); Andrew Davis ( Code of Silence, Above the Law, Under Siege ); John Woo ( Hong Kong action films such as Hard Boiled and US-made English-language films such as Hard Target, Broken Arrow and Face / Off ); John McTiernan ( the first and third Die Hard films, Predator, The Last Action Hero ); Ridley Scott ( Black Rain, Black Hawk Down ); The Wachowski Brothers ( The Matrix trilogy ), Andrzej Bartkowiak ( Romeo Must Die, Exit Wounds, Cradle 2 the Grave, Street Fighter: The Legend of Chun-Li ), Robert Rodriguez ( Mexico trilogy, From Dusk till Dawn, Machete ) and Michael Bay ( the first two Bad Boys films, The Rock, Transformers trilogy ); Louis Leterrier ( the first two Transporter films, Unleashed ).

But as Walker ( 2006 ) points out, it has failed to offer “ compelling counter-narratives ” to “ widely influential and popular yet deeply flawed and unapologetic neo-Malthusian rants such as Robert Kaplan's ( 1994 ) ' The coming anarchy ' and Jared Diamond's ( 2005 ) Collapse ” ( 385 ).

Bentham's students included his secretary and collaborator James Mill, the latter's son, John Stuart Mill, the legal philosopher John Austin, as well as influential political figures such as Robert Owen, one of the founders of modern socialism.

This was consolidated by a second meeting at Lund in 1950, for which the British Methodist Robert Newton Flew edited an influential volume of studies, The Nature of the Church.

Gerald was proud to be related to some of the Norman invaders of Ireland, such as his maternal uncle Robert Fitz-Stephen and Raymond FitzGerald, and his influential account, which portrays the Irish as barbaric savages, gives important insight into Anglo-Norman views of Ireland and the history of the invasion.

This way of modeling expectations was originally proposed by John F. Muth ( 1961 ) and later became influential when it was used by Robert E. Lucas Jr and others.

It also holds works by a wide range of influential European and American artists including Georges Braque, Marcel Duchamp, Walker Evans, Helen Frankenthaler, Alberto Giacometti, Arshile Gorky, Hans Hofmann, Edward Hopper, Paul Klee, Franz Kline, Willem de Kooning, Dorothea Lange, Fernand Léger, Roy Lichtenstein, Morris Louis, René Magritte, Aristide Maillol, Joan Miró, Henry Moore, Kenneth Noland, Georgia O ' Keeffe, Jackson Pollock, Robert Rauschenberg, Auguste Rodin, Mark Rothko, David Smith, Frank Stella, and hundreds of others.

is an influential German electropunk / NDW band from Düsseldorf, formed in 1978 featuring Gabriel " Gabi " Delgado-López ( vocals ), Robert Görl ( drums, percussion, electronic instruments ), Kurt " Pyrolator " Dahlke ( electronic instruments ), Michael Kemner ( bass-guitar ) and Wolfgang Spelmans ( guitar ).

Robert Tressell's popular novel The Ragged-Trousered Philanthropists is a strong example of the era's social critique.

In their article " Processual Archaeology and the Radical Critique " ( 1987 ), Timothy K. Earle and Robert W. Preucel examined the post-processual movement's " radical critique " of processualism, and whilst accepting that it had some merit and highlighted some important points, they came to the conclusion that on the whole, the post-processual approach was flawed because it failed to produce an explicit methodology.

In his 2009 book, Straussophobia, Peter Minowitz provides a detailed critique of Drury, Xenos, and other critics of Strauss whom he accuses of “ bigotry and buffoonery .” In his 2006 book review of Reading Leo Strauss, by Steven B. Smith, Robert Alter writes that Smith " persuasively sets the record straight on Strauss's political views and on what his writing is really about.

One of the most prominent scholars is Robert Kolb, who primarily roots this critique in Luther's use of marriage metaphors concerning the Christian's relationship with God.

Calling Jennings ' critique " vitriolic and unfair ," the historian Robert S. Allen has said that Parkman's history of France and England in North America " remains a rich mixture of history and literature which few contemporary scholars can hope to emulate ".

* For a powerful critique of Michels see Colin Barker ‘ Robert Michels and the “ Cruel Game ”’ in Colin Barker et al eds.

A well-known critique of free-market anarchism is by Robert Nozick, who argued that a competitive legal system would evolve toward a monopoly government – even without violating individuals rights in the process.

* For a powerful critique of Michels see Colin Barker ‘ Robert Michels and the “ Cruel Game ”’ in Colin Barker et al.

The Lucas critique, named for Robert Lucas ' work on macroeconomic policymaking, argues that it is naïve to try to predict the effects of a change in economic policy entirely on the basis of relationships observed in historical data, especially highly aggregated historical data.

However, after Robert Lucas, Jr .' s critique of econometric policy evaluation spurred the development of microfoundations for macroeconomics, the notion of the representative agent became more prominent and more controversial.

* Lucas, Robert E. ( 1976 ): ' Econometric policy evaluation: A critique ', in K. Brunner and A. H. Meltzer ( eds.

* Modern economic models incorporate the reaction of the public & market to the policy maker's actions ( through game theory ), and this feedback is included in modern models ( following the rational expectations revolution and Robert Lucas, Jr .' s critique of the optimal control concept of precise macroeconomic management ).

Dvorsky, along with Milan M. Ćirković and Robert Bradbury, published a critique of SETI in the May 2012 Journal of the British Interplanetary Society arguing that SETI techniques and practices have become outdated.

Most well-known is the critique by Robert Lucas, who argues that rational expectations will defeat any monetary or fiscal policy.

Robert Blatchford wrote a critique of Warwick's lifestyle in the 1890s, and this led her to seek him out to discuss socialism.

Bradley Robert Arthur Congdon makes the case that Pay for the Printer is a critique " of the culture of consumerism and mass production.

Although his self-identification as a socialist and sympathy for the labor movement led to hostility from some early anarcho-capitalists such as Robert LeFevre, others, such as Murray Rothbard, embraced his critique of the state and claimed that he defined his " socialism " not in terms of opposition to a free market or private property, but in opposition to government privileges for business.

* Consumers don't cause recessions by Robert P. Murphy ( an Austrian School critique of the paradox of thrift )

La collection des lettres de Jean de Dalyatha / édition critique du texte syriaque inédit, traduction française, introduction et notes par Robert Beulay

Mois de Yakkatit / édition critique du texte éthiopien et traduction par Gérard Colin — Martyre de Pilate / édition critique de la version éthiopienne et traduction française par Robert Beylot

Rock critique Robert Christgau, while reviewing The Immaculate Collection, called the song " blessed ".

* Robert H. Frank's Views on Tax Policy-a critique