* Constantinople makes an appearance in the " Rome Total War " expansion " Barbarian Invasion " belonging to the Eastern Roman Empire

Several strategy games, such as Rise of Nations, Rome: Total War, Spartan Total Warrior, Empire Earth, Civilization, Ancient Wars: Sparta, Age of Empires, Etrian Odyssey III: The Drowned City and Age of Mythology, feature infantry units called " Hoplites " or " Phalanx ".

This tendency even extends to time periods where its employment is so early as to be anachronistic, such as in the Creative Assembly's game Rome: Total War where the armour is available as early as the 3rd century BC.

In the BBC series Time Commanders, players re-enacted historic battles using Creative Assembly's real-time game Rome: Total War.

* Rome: Total War, a computer strategy game

* In Invasio Barbarorum, a modification of the strategy game Rome: Total War, Stilicho is a western Roman general.

* Arretium was used in the PC game Rome: Total War as the Capital of the Roman Faction of Julii.

* Rome: Total War: Barbarian Invasion, a Real Time Strategy game

* Rome: Total War: Barbarian Invasion, a 2005 expansion pack in the Rome: Total War computer game

: 2003: Rome: Total War ( for PC )

* Europa Barbarorum, a modification of the computer game Rome: Total War

* Rome: Total War

prince of Macedon a famous Total War video game player, most notably for Rome Total war.

Total War: Rome II was announced by Creative Assembly as the next game in the series.

It has since become mainstream, and is found in many games such as < cite > Rome: Total War </ cite >, where it is exploited to simultaneously display thousands of individual soldiers on a battlefield.

Before Rome: Total War was launched by Activision, EA shut down both the Shogun Total War and the Warlord Edition servers.

The Total War series was continued with titles mainly set around Europe, including Medieval: Total War, Rome: Total War, Medieval II: Total War, Empire: Total War and Napoleon: Total War.

Pueri aquam de silvas ad agricolas portant, a delightful vignette set in the unforgettable epoch of pre-Punic War Rome.

In 148 BC, in what the Romans called the Fourth Macedonian War, he was defeated by the Roman praetor Q. Caecilius Metellus ( 148 ) at the Second Battle of Pydna, and fled to Thrace, whose prince gave him up to Rome, thus marking the final end to Andriskos ' reign of Macedonia.

An independent Athens was a minor power in the Hellenistic age ; it rarely had much in the way of foreign policy ; it generally remained at peace, allied either with the Ptolemaic dynasty, or later, with Rome ; when it went to war, the result ( as in the Lamian, Chremonidean, and Mithridatic War ) was usually disastrous.

Thirteen years after being raised, the ships were burned during an attack in the Second World War, and almost nothing remains of the hulls, though many archeological treasures remain intact in the museum at Lake Nemi and in the Museo Nazionale Romano ( Palazzo Massimo ) at Rome.

* 536 – Gothic War: The Byzantine general Belisarius enters Rome unopposed, the Gothic garrison flee the capital.

* 1985 – Ugo Vetere, then the mayor of Rome, and Chedli Klibi, then the mayor of Carthage meet in Tunis to sign a treaty of friendship officially ending the Third Punic War which lasted 2, 131 years.

At the beginning of the First Punic War, Rome had virtually no experience in naval warfare, whereas Carthage had a great deal of experience on the seas thanks to its centuries of sea-based trade.

Rome won the First Punic War after 23 years of conflict and in the end became the dominant naval power of the Mediterranean.

It was this expansion that led to the Second Punic War when Carthage besieged the Roman protected town of Saguntum in 218 BC, igniting a conflict with Rome.

As for Rome, the end of the First Punic War marked the start of the expansion beyond the Italian Peninsula.

Florentine bankers financed the English kings during the Hundred Years War, as well as the papacy, including the construction of their provisional capital of Avignon and, after their return to Rome, the reconstruction and Renaissance embellishment of the latter.

In 189 BC, Rome sent Gnaeus Manlius Vulso on an expedition against the Galatians, the Galatian War.

Spreading first through Italy, Rome defeated Carthage in the Punic Wars, despite Hannibal's famous efforts against Rome in the Second Punic War.

After the Third Punic War, Rome then became the leading force in the Mediterranean region.

The Archimedes ' screw underpins modern hydroengineering, and his machines of war helped to hold back the armies of Rome in the First Punic War.

" During that same year, the Greek cities in Sicily were induced to revolt against Roman political control, while the Macedonian king, Philip V, pledged his support to Hannibal – thus initiating the First Macedonian War against Rome.

According to Theodor Mommsen ( The History of Rome, volume 4, The Revolution, ISBN 1-4353-4597-5, page 4 ), 1 January became the first day of the year in 600 AUC of the Roman Calendar ( 153 BC ), due to disasters in the Lusitanian War.

* 1944 – World War II: Allied forces launch the first of four battles with the intention of breaking through the Winter Line and seizing Rome, an effort that would ultimately take four months and cost 105, 000 Allied casualties.

This addressed the underlying problem that had caused the Social War decades earlier, where individuals outside Rome and Italy were not considered " Roman ", and thus were not given full citizenship rights.

* 550 – Gothic War ( 535 – 554 ): The Ostrogoths, under King Totila, conquer Rome after a long siege, by bribing the Isaurian garrison.

The Judgment of Paris is a story from Greek mythology, which was one of the events that led up to the Trojan War and ( in slightly later versions of the story ) to the foundation of Rome.

Josephus claims the Jewish Messianic prophecies that initiated the First Roman-Jewish War made reference to Vespasian becoming Emperor of Rome.

I saw Sedgwick often before his death at ninety-five, -- he had remarried at the age of ninety, -- and he asked me, when once I returned from Rome, if I knew the Cavallinis in the church of St. Cecilia in Trastevere.

The scene before you is indeed theatrical and often appears in movies about Rome.

Harris dates studies of both to Classical Greece and Classical Rome, specifically, to Herodotus, often called the " father of history " and the Roman historian, Tacitus, who wrote many of our only surviving contemporary accounts of several ancient Celtic and Germanic peoples.

Scholars have often believed that Ammianus ' work was intended for public recitation for two reasons: the overwhelming presence of accentual clausulae, which implies that it was intended to be read aloud ; and epistle 1063 of Libanius to a Marcellinus of Rome which refers to public recitations.

Emperors of Rome often met their end in this way, as did many of the Muslim Shia Imams hundreds of years later.

In the primitive church, books afterwards excluded from the canon were often read, e. g. the letters of Clement of Rome and the Shepherd of Hermas.

The celebrated poet Petrarch, was a great friend of the family, in particular of Giovanni Colonna and often lived in Rome as a guest of the family.

In reality, more often than not, Rome consecrated the clergy once it was notified by the kings who the incumbent would be.

Concubinage was an institution practiced in ancient Rome that allowed a man to enter into an informal but recognized relationship with a woman ( concubina, plural concubinae ) not his wife, most often a woman whose lower social status was an obstacle to marriage.

The importance and meaning of coronation ceremonies and regalia also varied within the tradition: for instance Holy Roman Emperors could only be crowned emperor by the pope, which meant the coronation ceremony usually took place in Rome, often several years after these emperors had ascended to the throne ( as " king ") in their home country.

Ruling monarchs could additionally steer the succession by adoption, as often occurred in the two first centuries of Imperial Rome.

Changes in costume often took place at times of economic or social change ( such as in ancient Rome and the medieval Caliphate ), but then a long period without major changes followed.

For Silius Italicus, who wrote as the games approached their peak, the degenerate Campanians had devised the very worst of precedents, which now threatened the moral fabric of Rome: " It was their custom to enliven their banquets with bloodshed and to combine with their feasting the horrid sight of armed men fighting ; often the combatants fell dead above the very cups of the revelers, and the tables were stained with streams of blood.

While their old lands were being worked by slaves, the peasants were often forced into idleness in Rome where they had to subsist on hand outs due to a scarcity of paid work.

" A deeply religious man, working in Counter Reformation Rome, Bernini used light as an important metaphorical device in the perception of his religious settings, often using hidden light sources that could intensify the focus of religious worship, or enhance the dramatic moment of a sculptural narrative.

However, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, a literary critic of Augustan Rome, listed seven predecessors of Herodotus, describing their works as simple, unadorned accounts of their own and other cities and people, Greek or foreign, including popular legends, sometimes melodramatic and naive, often charming-all traits that can be found in the work of Herodotus himself.

The Celts themselves often fought with Aquitanians and Germans, and a Gaulish war band led by Brennus invaded Rome c. 393 or 388 BC following the Battle of the Allia.

It is often argued that if Hannibal had received proper material reinforcements from Carthage, he might have succeeded with a direct attack upon Rome.

The taboo against incest in Ancient Rome is demonstrated by the fact that politicians would use charges of incest ( often false charges ) as insults and means of political disenfranchisement.

While in Rome he suffered a severe cold, which left him partially deaf, and, as a result, he began to carry a small ear trumpet with which he is often pictured

In 71, he went to Rome in the entourage of Titus, becoming a Roman citizen and client of the ruling Flavian dynasty ( hence he is often referred to as Flavius Josephus — see below ).

However it was the Franks who came to dominate Western and Central Europe after the fall of Rome, and they generally fielded armies composed of large masses of infantry, with an infantry elite, the comitatus, which often rode to battle on horseback rather than marching on foot.

When Rome was a republic, effective speaking often determined who would be elected or what bills would pass.

Firms are often small to medium in size and operate in the building and building materials ( Rome, Civitavecchia ), paper ( Sora ), petrochemical ( Gaeta, Rome ), textile ( Frosinone ), engineering ( Rieti, Anagni ), automobile ( Cassino ), electronic and electrotechnical ( Viterbo ) sectors.