* Runoff voting

Runoff voting involves two rounds of voting.

Runoff voting is also sometimes used as a generic term to describe any system involving a number of rounds of voting, with eliminations after each round.

Runoff voting is used to find the winner.

Variants of Instant Runoff voting can be designed to reflect the same rules as a two-round voting system.

Runoff voting is intended to reduce the potential for eliminating " wasted " votes by tactical voting.

Runoff voting is also vulnerable to another tactic called " push over ".

Runoff voting can be influenced by strategic nomination ; this is where candidates and political factions influence the result of an election by either nominating extra candidates or withdrawing a candidate who would otherwise have stood.

Runoff voting is vulnerable to strategic nomination for the same reasons that it is open to the voting tactic of " compromising ".

Runoff voting encourages candidates to appeal to a broad cross-section of voters.

Category: Runoff voting

For example, the politics of Australia are largely two-party ( if the Liberal Party and National Party are considered the same party at a national level due to their long-standing alliance ) for the Australian House of Representatives, which is elected by Instant Runoff Voting, ( known within Australia as preferential voting ).

* Runoff voting or Two-round system, a voting system used to elect a single winner, whereby only two candidates from the first round continue to the second round

Runoff voting methods are less vulnerable to vote splitting compared to plurality voting.

Runoff voting is less vulnerable to vote splitting, yet vote splitting can occur in any round of runoff voting.

Runoff advocates counter that voters first preference is more important than lower preferences because that's where voters are putting the most effort of decision and that, unlike Condorcet methods, runoffs require a high showing among the full field of choices in addition to a strong showing in the final head-to-head competition.

Runoff from rainfall can lead to heating via conduction from the surface which the water is flowing over.

Runoff from these glaciers and those on the surrounding volcanoes is a source of fresh water for forty surrounding towns, and Colombian scientists and government officials are concerned about the towns ' water supply should the glaciers melt completely.

Runoff from farmland is one of the greatest problems.

The Nationwide Urban Runoff Program ( NURP ) is a research project conducted by the US Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) between 1979 and 1983.

* Runoff Rapids is a inner tube run featuring two open and one enclosed tube slides.

Runoff from the glaciers in the Himalayas towards China ’ s lowland is regulated and stored in the Ruoergai marshes.

Runoff from the Recreation Center site is piped underground beneath Highway 19 and into the Retention Pond.

Runoff of excess nutrients into waterways can also occur, which is harmful for the environment.

Runoff from rainfall is in the form of flash floods which may last from several hours up to two or three days depending on the intensity of rainfall.

Runoff elections for legislative seats were held on April 21.

His inability to make headway against the de facto two-party system as an independent in that election would later lead him to become an advocate for Instant Runoff Voting, helping to found FairVote in 1992.

Runoff can leach through permeable soils to vulnerable aquifers that tap ground water sources for human consumption.

Other versions of Runoff were developed for various computer systems including Digital Equipment Corporation's PDP-11 minicomputer systems running RT-11, RSTS / E, RSX on Digital's PDP-10 and for OpenVMS on VAX minicomputers, as well as Sperry Unisys Univac 90 / 60 mainframe using the EDT text editor under the VS / 9 operating system.

Runoff elections for Chamber of Deputies of Haiti were held on April 21.

Twenty-three of the 28 functional constituencies use single-member district plurality to elect their members, one ( Labour ) applies the Block vote ( with three seats to be filled ), and four, dubbed special functional constituencies, use the preferential elimination system ( aka Instant Runoff Voting ).

Instant Runoff Voting would elect the 2nd-worst choice, because the central candidates would be eliminated early.

* Slow kinds: Runoff from sustained rainfall or rapid snow melt exceeding the capacity of a river's channel.

Runoff elections were held in February 1993, and the leader of the Hery Velona movement, Albert Zafy, defeated Ratsiraka.

Runoff from agriculture and development, pollution from septic systems and sewers, and other human-related activities increase the flow of both inorganic nutrients and organic substances into ecosystems.

Runoff from the western slopes of these mountains provides water to the county's cities and agricultural areas.

Runoff containing wild cat faeces and litter from domestic cats flushed down toilets are possible sources of oocysts.

* Runoff system.

* Runoff system.

Runoff quickly flooded agricultural areas and much of this water made its way into several subdivisions in Edinburgh.

Nutrient Transport in Surface Runoff from a Subalpine Watershed, Lake Tahoe Basin, California.

Runoff of manure can also find its way into surface water such as lakes, streams, and ponds.

* Nationwide Urban Runoff Program ( U. S. research program )