Other names connected to the city include Max Born, physicist and Nobel laureate ; Charles Darwin, the biologist who discovered natural selection ; David Hume, a philosopher, economist and historian ; James Hutton, regarded as the " Father of Geology "; John Napier inventor of logarithms ; chemist and one of the founders of thermodynamics Joseph Black ; pioneering medical researchers Joseph Lister and James Young Simpson ; chemist and discoverer of the element nitrogen, Daniel Rutherford ; mathematician and developer of the Maclaurin series, Colin Maclaurin and Ian Wilmut, the geneticist involved in the cloning of Dolly the sheep just outside Edinburgh.

Frederick Soddy ( 2 September 1877 – 22 September 1956 ) was an English radiochemist and monetary economist who explained, with Ernest Rutherford, that radioactivity is due to the transmutation of elements, now known to involve nuclear reactions.

Nitrogen is formally considered to have been discovered by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772, who called it noxious air or fixed air.

The Americans, however, proposed rutherfordium ( Rf ) for the new element to honor Ernest Rutherford, who is known as the " father " of nuclear physics.

** 104. rutherfordium, Rf, named after Ernest Rutherford, who was responsible for the concept of the atomic nucleus ( 1968 ).

* Alan Astbury, physics professor emeritus who played a part in the Nobel-prize winning discovery of a new subatomic particle and winner of the Rutherford Medal and Prize for physics

He intensely disliked Robert Rutherford McCormick who published the Chicago Tribune.

Dame Margaret Taylor Rutherford, DBE ( 11 May 1892 – 22 May 1972 ) was an English character actress, who first came to prominence following World War II in the film adaptations of Noël Coward's Blithe Spirit, and Oscar Wilde's The Importance of Being Earnest.

Rutherford and Davis ( who died in 1973 ) are interred alongside each other in the graveyard of St. James's Church, Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire.

In the Lucky Luke comic book Sarah Bernhardt, which is set in the late 19th-century Wild West, President Rutherford B. Hayes ’ wife is portrayed as being one of many who strongly disapproves of the titular actress ' tour of the United States, given her reputation for loose morality.

During wartime research on the atomic bomb, American physicists at Purdue University who were deflecting neutrons off uranium nuclei ( similar to Rutherford scattering ) described the uranium nucleus as " big as a barn ".

Among the then lesser-known contributors were some who would later become distinguished, such as Ernest Rutherford and Bertrand Russell.

The Spitfire Boys were mainly notable for including in their line-up Peter Clarke, who went on to drum for The Slits and later Siouxsie and the Banshees ( as well as marrying Siouxsie of the Banshees ) as Budgie, and Paul Rutherford, later better known for being a member of 1980s pop band Frankie Goes to Hollywood.

After that, the group sacked off Michael Rigby, who was replaced, as suggestion of Clarke, by Paul Rutherford.

Her parents were Major James Rutherford Lumley, who served in the 6th Gurkha Rifles, a regiment of the British Indian Army, and Beatrice Rose Weir.

Rutherford was a North Carolina colonial legislator and an American Revolutionary War general who settled in Middle Tennessee after the Revolution and served as President of the Council of the Territory of Tennessee before Tennessee attained statehood.

The Island was named after the Reverend Robert Rutherford who came with David Dunbar's group to the area from North Ireland, in 1729.

Cox was the great-grandson of William M. Evarts, who defended President Andrew Johnson during his impeachment hearing and became Secretary of State in Rutherford B. Hayes ' administration.

Long Branch is home to Seven Presidents Oceanfront Park, named for the United States presidents who visited the fashionable resort town, including Ulysses S. Grant, Chester A. Arthur, Rutherford Hayes, Benjamin Harrison, William McKinley, Woodrow Wilson and James Garfield.

It was the home of Rutherford B. Hayes, who served as President of the United States from 1877 to 1881.

The spelling change may have been the result of name recognition of the Ohio politician Rutherford B. Hayes, who was elected President in 1876, or could have been because of a clerical error done by the Post Office.

In the 2004 presidential election, Democrat John Kerry received 52. 2 % of the vote in Rutherford ( 4, 539 cast ), ahead of Republican George W. Bush, who received around 46. 3 % ( 4, 030 votes ), with 8, 698 ballots cast among the borough's 11, 077 registered voters, for a turnout of 78. 5 %.

William Carlos Williams, the Pulitzer Prize-winning poet who died in 1963, was born in Rutherford in 1883.

In 1799, Rutherford sold his Forks of Buffalo holdings to James Brown of Berkeley County, Virginia, who, after experiencing financial setbacks, eventually sold the property at public sale in 1824 to a group of Baltimore, Maryland, investors which included William Baker.

The gift is being presented by `` heirs and descendants of the Rutherford family of New Jersey, whose famous estate, `` Tranquility '', was located near the Duncan Phyfe workshop at Andover, N. J..

In 1911, Ernest Rutherford gave a model of the atom in which a central core held most of the atom's mass and a positive charge which, in units of the electron's charge, was to be approximately equal to half of the atom's atomic weight, expressed in numbers of hydrogen atoms.

This central charge would thus be approximately half the atomic weight ( though it was almost 25 % off the figure for the atomic number in gold ( Z = 79, A = 197 ), the single element from which Rutherford made his guess ).

In 1909, Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden, under the direction of physicist Ernest Rutherford, bombarded a sheet of gold foil with alpha rays — by then known to be positively charged helium atoms — and discovered that a small percentage of these particles were deflected through much larger angles than was predicted using Thomson's proposal.

Rutherford interpreted the gold foil experiment as suggesting that the positive charge of a heavy gold atom and most of its mass was concentrated in a nucleus at the center of the atom — the Rutherford model.

Murder, She Said ( 1961, directed by George Pollock ) was the first of four British MGM productions starring Rutherford.

The other Rutherford films ( all directed by George Pollock ) were Murder at the Gallop ( 1963 ), based on the 1953 Hercule Poirot novel After the Funeral ( In this film, she is identified as Miss JTV Marple, though there was no indication as to what the extra initials might stand for ); Murder Most Foul ( 1964 ), based on the 1952 Poirot novel Mrs McGinty's Dead ; and Murder Ahoy!

In 1909 Ernest Rutherford discovered that the positive half of atoms was tightly condensed into a nucleus,

Rutherford John Gettens was the first chemist in the U. S. to be permanently employed by an art museum.

The 1904 Thomson model was disproved by the 1909 gold foil experiment, which was interpreted by Ernest Rutherford in 1911

Henry Moseley's work showed experimentally in 1913 ( see Moseley's law ) that the effective nuclear charge was very close to the atomic number ( Moseley found only one unit difference ), and Moseley referenced only the papers of Van den Broek and Rutherford.

He and Rutherford realized that the anomalous behaviour of radioactive elements was because they decayed into other elements.

It needed careful work by Soddy and Rutherford to prove that atomic transmutation was in fact occurring.

As Niels Bohr once said in 1962, " You see actually the Rutherford work nuclear atom was not taken seriously.

In 2005, C. Davis and C. Johnson, working at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in Oxfordshire, UK, demonstrated that the Es layer was indeed enhanced as a result of lightning activity.

The element nitrogen was discovered as a separable component of air, by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford, in 1772.

The fact that there was an element of air that does not support combustion was clear to Rutherford.

More work was published in 1909 by Geiger and Marsden and further greatly expanded work was published in 1910 by Geiger, In 1911-2 Rutherford went before the Royal Society to explain the experiments and propound the new theory of the atomic nucleus as we now understand it.