* Anton Sakharov, association football player

* In 1992, all members of the Mothers ' association were awarded the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought.

" While Sakharov strongly disagreed with Teller over nuclear testing in the atmosphere and Strategic Defense Initiative, he believed that American academics had been unfair to Teller ’ s resolve to get the H-bomb for the United States since " all steps by the Americans of a temporary or permanent rejection of developing thermonuclear weapons would have been seen either as a clever feint, or as the manifestation of stupidity.

While Sakharov disagreed with Solzhenitsyn ’ s Slavophile vision of Russian revival, he deeply respected him for his courage.

Sakharov later described that " it took years " for him " to understand how much substitution, deceit, and lack of correspondence with reality there was " in the Soviet ideals.

In no way did Sakharov consider himself a prophet or the like: " I am no volunteer priest of the idea, but simply a man with an unusual fate.

Andrei Sakharov with a group of Soviet dissidents, Sakharov is the first from right, the first from the left is Naum Meiman from Moscow Helsinki Group

* Gorelik, Gennady, with Antonina W. Bouis, The World of Andrei Sakharov: A Russian Physicist's Path to Freedom.

( Contains an introduction by Archimandrite Sophrony ( Sakharov ), immediate disciple of St Silouan, together with the meditations of St Silouan ( 1866 – 1938 ).

The physicist and Nobel laureate Andrei Sakharov was exiled there during 1980-1986 to limit his contacts with foreigners.

Parallel to this historical and legal narrative, Solzhenitsyn follows the typical course of a zek ( a slang term for inmate, derived from the widely used abbreviation " z / k " for " zakliuchennyi "( prisoner )) through the Gulag, starting with arrest, show trial and initial internment ; transport to the " archipelago "; treatment of prisoners and general living conditions ; slave labor gangs and the technical prison camp system ( where Andrei Sakharov and his team of prisoner-scientists developed the Soviet Union's first hydrogen bomb ); camp rebellions and strikes ( see Kengir uprising ); the practice of internal exile following completion of the original prison sentence ; and ultimate ( but not guaranteed ) release of the prisoner.

In 1951, together with Andrei Sakharov, Tamm proposed a tokamak system of the realization of CTF on the basis of toroidal magnetic thermonuclear reactor and soon after the first such devices were built by the INF, resulting the T-3 Soviet magnetic confinement device from 1968, when the plasma parameters unique for that time were obtained, of showing the temperatures in their machine to be over an order of magnitude higher than what was expected by the rest of the community.

According to Jay Nordlinger, on a visit with American dignitaries, Soviet human rights activist Andrei Sakharov said, " Kirkpatski, Kirkpatski, which of you is Kirkpatski?

Along with Georgy Flyorov and Andrei Sakharov, Kurchatov is widely remembered and dubbed as the " father of the Soviet atomic bomb " for his directorial role in the development of the Soviet nuclear program, in a clandestine program during World War II formed in the wake of the USSR's discovery of the Western Allied efforts to develop nuclear weapons.

In 1950, Kurchatov contributed in the development of the Hydrogen bomb with Andrei Sakharov who originated this development as Sakharov's Third Idea.

The Review pointedly published interviews with political dissidents, including Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Andrei Sakharov and Václav Havel.

In 2005, Reporters Without Borders shared the European Parliament's Sakharov Prize for freedom of thought with Nigerian human rights lawyer Hauwa Ibrahim and Cuba's Ladies in White movement.

Among others, Alexander Solzhenitsyn was named, but he refused to join and in his talk with Andrei Sakharov he motivated this decision by his opinion that it was not right to restrict the scope of the project to the Stalin era only, since the repressive era in Russia started as early as 1917.

The word Bylina is derived from the past tense of the verb “ to be ” ( Russian: быть byt ') and implies “ something that was .” The term most likely originated with scholars of Russian folklore ; in 1839, Sakharov, a Russian folklorist, published an anthology of Russian folklore, a section of which he titled “ Byliny of the Russian People ,” causing the popularization of the term.

This model proposes a radically different vision for the universe, in opposition with the standard cosmology, but shares similarities with a model published before by Andrei Sakharov.

In 1971, renowned Soviet physicist Andrei Sakharov supported a protest of two political prisoners, V. Fainberg and V. Borisov, who announced a hunger strike against " compulsory therapeutic treatment with medications injurious to mental activity " in a Leningrad psychiatric institution.

Later that year, Payá's efforts were recognized by the European Parliament with its Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought, although he was nearly denied an exit visa to attend the awards ceremony.

The previous year, 1969, Sakharov had been widowed from his wife, Klavdia Alekseyevna Vikhireva, with whom he had two daughters and a son.

With Turkey applying to become a member of the European Union, the EU repeatedly called for her release on human rights grounds, making its position clear by awarding Zana with the Sakharov Prize in 1995.

Tokamaks were invented in the 1950s by Soviet physicists Igor Tamm and Andrei Sakharov, inspired by an original idea of Oleg Lavrentiev.

Notable Russian scientists include Dmitri Mendeleev, Nikolay Bogolyubov, Andrei Kolmogorov, Ivan Pavlov, Nikolai Semyonov, Dmitri Ivanenko, Nikolai Lobachevsky, Alexander Lodygin, Alexander Popov ( one of inventors of radio ), Nikolai Zhukovsky, Alexander Prokhorov and Nikolay Basov ( co-inventors of laser ), Georgiy Gamov, Vladimir Zworykin, Lev Pontryagin, Sergei Sobolev, Pavel Yablochkov, Aleksandr Butlerov, Andrei Sakharov, Dmitry Ivanovsky, Sergey Korolyov and Mstislav Keldysh ( creators of the Soviet space program ), Aleksandr Lyapunov, Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky, Andrei Tupolev, Yuri Denisyuk ( the first practicable method of holography ), Mikhail Lomonosov, Vladimir Vernadsky, Pyotr Kapitsa, Igor Sikorsky, Ludvig Faddeev, Zhores Alferov, Konstantin Novoselov, Fyodor Shcherbatskoy, Nikolai Trubetzkoy etc.

* 1950-An idea of nuclear fusion reactor tokamak was proposed by soviet scientists Andrei Sakharov and Igor Tamm.

* 1968-Results from the tokamak, a T-3 Soviet magnetic confinement device, which Igor Tamm and Andrei Sakharov had been working on, shows the temperatures in their machine to be over an order of magnitude higher than what was expected by the rest of the fusion community.

Later scholars believe that Sakharov misunderstood the word bylina in the opening of Igor ’ Tale as “ an ancient poem .” The folk singers of byliny called these songs stariny ( Russian: старины ) or starinki ( Russian: старинки ) meaning stories of old.

However, this action produced many protests from prominent scientists ( Academics Andrei Sakharov, Pyotr Kapitsa, Igor Tamm, Vladimir Engelgardt, Boris Astaurov, Nikolai Semyonov, and others ) and well-known writers ( Solzhenitsyn, Tvardovsky, Vladimir Tendryakov, Vladimir Dudintsev, etc.

Sakharov also proposed the idea of induced gravity as an alternative theory of quantum gravity.

In 1967, Andrei Sakharov proposed a set of three necessary conditions that a baryon-generating interaction must satisfy to produce matter and antimatter at different rates.

The concept was originally proposed by Andrei Sakharov in 1967.

Some argue that the particular models proposed by Sakharov and others have been proven impossible by the Weinberg-Witten theorem.

Sakharov then tested a MK-driven " plasma cannon " where a small aluminium ring was vaporized by huge eddy currents into a stable, self-confined toroidal plasmoid and was accelerated to 100 km / s.

The Sakharov Prize, which is awarded annually by the European Parliament for people and organizations dedicated to human rights and freedoms, is named in his honor.

Sakharov never felt that by creating nuclear weapons he had " known sin ," in Oppenheimer ’ s haunting expression.

Sakharov later suggested to replace the copper coil in MK generators by a big superconductor solenoid to magnetically compress and focus underground nuclear explosions into a shaped charge effect.

Sakharov achieved there a complete CPT symmetry since the second sheet is enantiomorph ( P-symmetry ), has an opposite arrow of time ( T-symmetry ) and is mainly populated by antimatter ( C-symmetry ) because of an opposite CP-violation.

In a secret detailed letter to the Soviet leadership of July 21, 1967, Sakharov explains the need to " take the Americans at their word " and accept their proposal " for a bilateral rejection by the USA and the Soviet Union of the development of antiballistic missile defense ", because otherwise an arms race in this new technology would increase the likelihood of nuclear war.

After this essay was circulated in samizdat and then published outside the Soviet Union ( initially on July 6, 1968, in the Dutch newspaper Het Parool through intermediary of the Dutch academic and writer Karel van het Reve, followed by The New York Times ), Sakharov was banned from all military-related research and returned to FIAN to study fundamental theoretical physics.

Sakharov was named the 1980 Humanist of the Year by the American Humanist Association.

In 1988, Sakharov was given the International Humanist Award by the International Humanist and Ethical Union.

The Sakharov Prize, established in 1988 and awarded annually by the European Parliament for people and organizations dedicated to human rights and freedoms, was named in his honor.

An Andrei Sakharov prize is also to be awarded by the American Physical Society every second year from 2006, " to recognize outstanding leadership and / or achievements of scientists in upholding human rights ".

* The fictitious interplanetary spacecraft Cosmonaut Alexei Leonov from the novel 2010: Odyssey Two by Arthur C. Clarke is powered by a fictitious Sakharov drive.

The theory of baryogenesis was worked out by Andrei Sakharov in 1967, and requires a violation of the particle physics symmetry, called CP-symmetry, between matter and antimatter.

* Induced gravity ( 1967 ), a proposal by Andrei Sakharov according to which general relativity might arise from quantum field theories of matter

The concept of the explosively pumped flux compression generator for generating a non-nuclear electromagnetic pulse was conceived as early as 1951 by Andrei Sakharov in the Soviet Union, but nations have usually kept their most recent work on non-nuclear EMP highly classified until the technology was old enough for similar ideas to be conceived by physicists in other nations.

On August 12, 1953, the Soviets detonated their RDS-6s device, which incorporated the Sloika design that had been developed by Andrei Sakharov and Vitaly Ginzburg.

Despite its promise of nuclear safety, SDI was described by many of its critics ( including Soviet nuclear physicist and later peace activist Andrei Sakharov ) as being even more dangerous than MAD because of these political implications.