Inspired by Sapir's early lists of word similarities between Native American languages, he began a life work in comparative linguistics.

Kroeber and Sapir's focus on Native American languages helped establish linguistics as a truly general science and free it from its historical focus on Indo-European languages.

Robert Lowie later said that Sapir's fascination with indigenous languages stemmed from the seminar with Boas in which Boas used examples from Native American languages to disprove all of Sapir's common-sense assumptions about the basic nature of Language.

Sapir's 1905 Master's thesis was an analysis of Johann Gottfried Herder's Treatise on the Origin of Language, and included examples from Inuit and Native American languages, not at all familiar to a Germanicist.

But the reputation he had during his lifetime belies this idea: his academic peers at Yale University considered the " amateur " Whorf to be the best man available to take over Sapir's graduate seminar in Native American linguistics while Sapir was on sabbatical in 1937 – 38.

Whorf took Sapir's first course at Yale on " American Indian Linguistics ".

Sapir's first fieldwork was on the Wishram Chinook language in the summer of 1905, funded by the Bureau of American Ethnology.

Sapir's special focus among American languages was in the Athabaskan languages, a family which especially fascinated him.

Some well-known earlier American linguists like Morris Swadesh and Edward Sapir also pursued large-scale classifications like Sapir's 1929 scheme for the Americas, accompanied by controversy similar to that today.

In elaborating his classification of the Amerind languages Greenberg relied heavily on Sapir's early work on the North American languages and the highly impressionist classification of South American languages by Paul Rivet.

However, Segerer ( 2009, 2010 ) confirms Sapir's findings that Wolof is not close to Fulani ; he finds the closest relatives of Wolof are several obscure languages along the Casamance River.

Later Sapir and Leo Frachtenberg added the Kalapuyan and the Chinookan languages and then later the Alsean and Tsimshianic families, culminating in Sapir's 1921 four-branch classification:

Since Sapir's death in 1939 linguists have spent their time researching his proposals, and generally there have been two opposing camps in this endeavor: the so-called " lumpers " who are generally favorably inclined towards notions of genetic relationships, and the " splitters " who are generally critical of such proposals expecting successful family relations to be proven by the most rigorous standards of scholarship.

Sapir's earliest writings had espoused views of the relation between thought and language stemming from the Humboldtian tradition he acquired through Franz Boas, which regarded language as the historical embodiment of volksgeist, or ethnic world view.

At Yale, Whorf joined the circle of Sapir's students that included such luminary linguists as Morris Swadesh, Mary Haas, Harry Hoijer, G. L. Trager and Charles F. Voegelin.

Whorf took on a central role among Sapir's students and was well respected.

He was also deeply influenced by Sapir's death in early 1939.

Born in German Pomerania, Sapir's parents emigrated to America when he was a child.

Edward Sapir's first language was Yiddish, and later English.

As Jacob Sapir could not provide for his family, Sapir's mother, Eva Seagal Sapir, opened a shop to supply the basic necessities.

Tillohash was Sapir's collaborator on the famous description of the Southern Paiute language.

Sapir's work on Takelma became his doctoral dissertation which he defended in 1908.

The dissertation foreshadowed several important trends in Sapir's work: Particularly the careful attention to native speakers ' intuition regarding sound patterns, that would later become the basis for Sapir's formulation of the phoneme.

But Sapir did not want to compromise on quality, and in the end the Handbook had to go into press without Sapir's piece.

The Delsons, who hailed from the prestigious Jewish center of Vilna, considered the Sapirs to be rural upstarts and were less than impressed with Sapir's career in an unpronounceable academic field.

Sapir's parents had by now divorced and his father seemed to suffer from a psychosis, and made it necessary for him to leave Canada for Philadelphia, where Edward continued to support him financially.

But Sapir's conservative ideas about marriage and the woman's role were anathema to Mead, as they had been to Benedict, and as Mead left to do field work in Samoa the two separated permanently.

Mead received news of Sapir's remarriage while still in Samoa, and burned their correspondence there on the beach.

Sapir's second wife, Jean Victoria McClenaghan, was sixteen years younger than him, had first met Sapir as a student in Ottawa, but had since also come to work at the University of Chicago's department of Juvenile Research.

Engineered wood products may be preferred over solid wood in some applications due to certain comparative advantages:

* PhD in: cognitive science ; comparative gender studies ; comparative history of central, southeastern and eastern Europe ; economics ; environmental sciences and policy ; mathematics and its applications ; medieval studies ; philosophy ; political science ; sociology and social anthropology

And, because of the incidence of rapid change, the methodology of comparative statics has fewer applications than in the theory of international trade, and empirical analysis is more widely employed.

The comparative approach also has numerous applications in human health, genetics, biomedicine, and conservation biology.

That method takes the Mishnah of Judah ha-Nasi as a text or foundation, adding to it the other tannaitic traditions, and deriving from all of them the theoretical explanations and practical applications of the religious Law.

Through repeated applications of this method, the reactive mind could be " cleared " of its content having outlived its usefulness in the process of evolution ; a person who has completed this process would be " Clear ".

The method is useful in specialized organic synthetic operations but is considered too expensive for large scale applications.

Exploits against client applications may also require some interaction with the user and thus may be used in combination with social engineering method.

The Bombieri – Vinogradov theorem is one of the major applications of the large sieve method.

He built a high frequency oscillator to measure the dielectric constant of gases with high precision ; Ioffe then urged him to look for other applications using this method, and shortly made the first motion detector for use as a " radio watchman ".

If some other method was used, the triples were first constructed and then reordered by, presumably for actual use as a " table ", i. e., with a view to applications.

These pumps are basically multistage centrifugal pumps and are widely used in oil well applications as a method for artificial lift.

* The AltGr and letter method used for acutes and cedillas does not work for applications which assign shortcut menu functions to these key combinations.

This process, called neutron activation, is the primary method used to produce radioactive sources for use in medical, academic, and industrial applications.

Since in astronomical applications this measurement cannot be done directly, because that would require travelling to the distant star of interest, the method using spectral lines described here is used instead.

* Bresle method ( The method used to test for salt presence during coating applications.

In graphical user interfaces, a single document interface or SDI is a method of organizing graphical user interface applications into individual windows that the operating system's window manager handles separately.

This method has been used in automotive and aircraft applications.

Common applications of the finite difference method are in computational science and engineering disciplines, such as thermal engineering, fluid mechanics, etc.

In optical communications applications, the usual method of specifying spectral width is the full width at half maximum.

This is because the original specification only allowed for remote method invocation through CORBA ( and optionally other protocols ), even though the large majority of business applications actually do not require this distributed computing functionality.

Owing to this method, it is impossible for such a device to work in space due to lack of air, but Professor Rode states that there are practical applications for the device on Earth such as, for example, the transportation of microscopic hazardous materials and other microscopic objects.

Time-sharing is a method to allow fast response for interactive user applications.

Although sequences that are closer to truly random can be generated using hardware random number generators, pseudorandom numbers are important in practice for their speed in number generation and their reproducibility, and they are thus central in applications such as simulations ( e. g., of physical systems with the Monte Carlo method ), in cryptography, and in procedural generation.

To incorporate nanowire technology into industrial applications, researchers in 2008 developed a method of welding nanowires together: a sacrificial metal nanowire is placed adjacent to the ends of the pieces to be joined ( using the manipulators of a scanning electron microscope ); then an electric current is applied, which fuses the wire ends.

PDO continues to be used by Mac OS X programmers as a method for interprocess and interapplication communication, and for communication between networked applications that only need compatibility with other Mac OS X applications.

The 1st, 2nd and 3rd International Conferences on Discrete Element Methods have been a common point for researchers to publish advances in the method and its applications.