Juvenal is also highly critical of her in his Satire VI ( first translation by Peter Green and second translation from wikisource ):

According to the Satire VI by Juvenal, Messalina worked in a brothel under the assumed name Lycisca, or ' The Wolf-Girl '.

There is evidence that this joke dates back to Roman times: Satire VI by Juvenal says that one cannot be happy while one's mother-in-law is still alive.

*** Messalina's participation in prostitution, as criticised in Juvenal's Satire VI.

At c. 695 lines of Latin hexameter, this satire is nearly twice the length of the next largest of the author's sixteen known satires ; Satire VI alone composes Book II of Juvenal's five books of satire.

In addition, Satire VI contains the famous phrase, " Sed quis custodiet ipsos custodes?

The author commences Satire VI by setting his poem in opposition to the version of Roman women seen in the poems of Catullus and Propertius:

" While the equation of these pseudonyms with historical women is debatable, the reference within Satire VI to Propertius and Catullus is clear.

: Satire VI is not merely a diatribe against women, but an all-out invective against marriage.

Juvenal was concerned with the morality and actions of the Roman elite ; Satire VI can equally be read as an invective against the men who have permitted this pervasive degradation of the Roman world.

* Satire VI in Latin, at The Latin Library

* Satire VI in English ( translation by G. G.

Online versions of Satire II and Satire VI accessed 1 February 2008.

However in Juvenal's Satire VI ( famously renamed ' Against Women ') he references her as one of many lascivious women.

A strong condemnation against female gladiators of the Flavian and Trajanic eras can be found in the Satire VI of Juvenal, decrying the fact female gladiators were typically from upper-class families and seeking thrill and attention.

Juvenal's Satire VI referred to the " debauchery " that prevailed there.

Satire is primarily a literary genre or form, although in practice it can also be found in the graphic and performing arts.

Satire is nowadays found in many artistic forms of expression, including literature, plays, commentary, and media such as lyrics.

Satire is a diverse genre which is complex to classify and define, with a wide range of satiric " modes ".

Satire which targets the clergy is a type of political satire, while religious satire is that which targets religious beliefs.

One of the earliest examples of what we might call satire, The Satire of the Trades, is in Egyptian writing from the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC.

Satire in their work is much wider than in the modern sense of the word, including fantastic and highly coloured humorous writing with little or no real mocking intent.

( 6 ) Satire is a prominent element.

Juvenal is thought to extensively lampoon Statius ' type of court poetry in his fourth satire on the turbot of Domitian, but he also mentions the immense popularity of Statius ' recitations in Satire 7. 82ff.

Satire is one of the few Roman additions to literature — Horace was the first to use satire extensively as a tool for argument, and Juvenal made it into a weapon.

* Sejanus's rise and fall is described in Juvenal's Satire X, named either " Wrong Desire is the Source of Suffering " or " The Vanity of Human Wishes.

Then, Belvedere's novel ( described as " A Screaming Satire on suburban manners and morals ") is published and becomes a national bestseller.

In Book II Satire 6 occurs a description of the trencher-chaplain, who is tutor and hanger-on in a country manor.

The script of the broadcast is reprinted in Essays in Satire ( 1928 ).

The most important work of his life was his co-operation in the production of the Satire Ménippée ( 1593 ), which did so much to damage the cause of the Catholic League ; the harangue of the Sieur d ' Aubray is usually attributed to Pithou.

Many philosophical works were also created at this time, including the Dispute between a man and his Ba where an unhappy man converses with his soul, the The Satire of the Trades in which the role of the scribe is praised above all other jobs, and the magic tales supposedly told to the Old Kingdom pharaoh Khufu in the Westcar Papyrus.

What is interesting is that the word " parody " had not been used for prose before, and the definition he offers is arguably a parody of John Dryden defining " parody " in the Discourse of Satire ( the Preface to Dryden's translations of Juvenal's and Persius ' satires ).

Buckingham, who is better known by his inherited titles as Lord Mulgrave, was the author of An Account of the Revolution and some other essays, and of numerous poems, among them the Essay on Poetry and the Essay on Satire.

Satire and irony in some cases have been regarded as the most effective source to understand a society, the oldest form of social study.

We learn from Horace that he lived on the most intimate terms of friendship with Scipio and Laelius, ( Satire ii. 1 ), and that he celebrated the exploits and virtues of the former in his satires.

" Satire and derision progressively attacked even the fundamental and most sacred facts of faith ," leading to an increased doubt towards religion by the general population.

Satire, both in prose, drama, and poetry, was the genre that attracted the most energetic and voluminous writing.

Passerat's exact share in the Satire Ménippée ( Tours, 1594 ), the great manifesto of the politique or Moderate Royalist party when it had declared itself for Henry of Navarre, is unknown ; but it is agreed that he wrote most of the verse, and the harangue of the guerrilla chief Rieux is sometimes attributed to him.

Régnier displayed remarkable independence and acuteness in literary criticism, and the famous passage ( Satire ix., A Monsieur Rapin ) in which he satirizes Malherbe contains the best denunciation of the merely correct theory of poetry that has ever been written.

His principal claim to a place among memorable satirists is as one of the authors of the Satire Ménippée, the famous pasquinade in the interest of his old pupil, Henry IV, in which the harangue put into the mouth of cardinal de Pelve is usually attributed to him.

* Juvenal Satires, 10th Satire Latin text

" Satire VIII ", The Satires of Juvenal, Persius, Sulpicia, and Lucilius.