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Saxo Grammaticus ' Gesta Danorum was not finished until after the death of Absalon, but Absalon was one of the chief heroic figures of the chronicle, which was to be the main source of knowledge about early Danish history.
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Saxo and Grammaticus
He was also interested in history and culture, and commissioned Saxo Grammaticus to write Gesta Danorum, a comprehensive chronicle of the history of the Danes.
Tales concerning the Skjöldungs, possibly originating as early as the 6th century, were later used as a narrative basis in such texts as Gesta Danorum by Saxo Grammaticus and Hrólfs saga kraka.
In the 12th century, Danish accounts by Saxo Grammaticus and other Danish Latin chroniclers recorded a euhemerized account of his story.
Saxo Grammaticus wrote in his Gesta Danorum another story about Frigg:
Jacob Grimm noted that if, as Adam of Bremen states, Fosite's sacred island was Heligoland, that would make him an ideal candidate for a deity known to both Frisians and Scandinavians, but that it is surprising he is never mentioned by Saxo Grammaticus.
Gesta Danorum (" Deeds of the Danes ") is a patriotic work of Danish history, by the 12th century author Saxo Grammaticus (" Saxo the Literate ", literally " the Grammarian ").
De danske Kongers og Heltes Historie, skrevet i pyntelig Stil for over 300 Aar siden af Saxo Grammaticus, en Sjællandsfar og Provst ved Kirken i Roskilde, og nu for første Gang oplyst ved et Register og omhyggeligt trykt.
Histories of the Kings and heroes of the Danes, composed in elegant style by Saxo Grammaticus, a Sjællander and also provost of the church of Roskilde, over three hundred years ago, and now for the first time illustrated and printed correctly in a learned compilation.
* N. F. S. Grundtvig, published 1818-1822, title: Danmarks Krønike af Saxo Grammaticus
* Frederik Winkel Horn, published 1898, title: Saxo Grammaticus: Danmarks Krønike
* Oliver Elton, published 1894, title: The First Nine Books of the Danish History of Saxo Grammaticus
* Peter Fisher and Hilda Ellis Davidson, published 1979-1980, title: Saxo Grammaticus: The History of the Danes, Books I-IX
* Eric Christiansen, published 1980-1981, title: Saxo Grammaticus: Danorum regum heroumque historia, books X-XVI
* William F. Hansen, published 1983, title: Saxo Grammaticus and the life of Hamlet
* Hermann Jantzen, published 1900, title: Saxo Grammaticus.
* Hilda Ellis Davidson, Peter Fisher ( trans ), Saxo Grammaticus: The History of the Danes, Books I-IX: I. English Text ; II.
* Saxo Grammaticus, Gesta Danorum, Books I-IX, translated to English by Oliver Elton 1905.
* Saxo Grammaticus, Gesta Danorum, from the Royal Library in Copenhagen, Danish and Latin.
* Frederik Winkel Horn, Saxo Grammaticus: Danmarks Krønike, Chr.
Shakespeare based Hamlet on the legend of Amleth, preserved by 13th-century chronicler Saxo Grammaticus in his Gesta Danorum as subsequently retold by 16th-century scholar François de Belleforest.
A facsimile of Gesta Danorum by Saxo Grammaticus, which contains the legend of Amleth
Many of the earlier legendary elements are interwoven in the 13th-century Vita Amlethi (" The Life of Amleth ") by Saxo Grammaticus, part of Gesta Danorum.
Saxo Grammaticus & the Life of Hamlet.
Saxo and Gesta
Absalon first appears in Saxo Grammaticus's contemporary chronicle Gesta Danorum at the end of the civil war, at the brokering of the peace agreement between Sweyn III and Valdemar at St. Alban's Priory, Odense.
* Saxo, Gesta Danorum, ed.
The first is found in Christiern Pedersen's " Danske Krønike ", which is a sequel to Saxo ’ s Gesta Danorum, written 1520 – 23.
The Danish flag from the front page of Christiern Pedersen ’ s version of Saxo ’ s Gesta Danorum, 1514.
An episode in the Latin work Gesta Danorum, written in the 12th century by Saxo Grammaticus, is generally considered to refer to Hel, and Hel may appear on various Migration Period bracteates.
In the account of Baldr's death in Saxo Grammaticus ' early 13th century work Gesta Danorum, the dying Baldr has a dream visitation from Proserpina ( here translated as " the goddess of death "):
The Danish historian Saxo Grammaticus recorded an alternative version of this myth in his Gesta Danorum.
According to Paul the Deacon's 8th century work Historia Langobardorum, the Langobards migrated southward from Scandinavia led by Ibur and Aio, while Saxo Grammaticus records in his 12th-century work Gesta Danorum that this migration was prompted by Aggi and Ebbi.
* 1514 – Jodocus Badius Ascensius publishes Christiern Pedersen's Latin version of Saxo ’ s Gesta Danorum, the oldest known version of that work.
Parallels have been pointed out between Njörðr and the figure of Hadingus, attested in book I of Saxo Grammaticus ' 13th century work Gesta Danorum.
He has been identified with Uffo ( also Uffe, Uffi of Jutland ), a legendary Danish king in the Gesta Danorum by Saxo Grammaticus.
Additionally, Sleipnir is mentioned in a riddle found in the 13th century legendary saga Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks, in the 13th century legendary saga Völsunga saga as the ancestor of the horse Grani, and book I of Gesta Danorum, written in the 12th century by Saxo Grammaticus, contains an episode considered by many scholars to involve Sleipnir.
In Saxo Grammaticus ' 12th century work Gesta Danorum, where gods appear euhemerized, Ollerus is described as a cunning wizard with magical means of transportation:
Early modern publications, dealing with what we now call Viking culture, appeared in the 16th century, e. g. Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus ( Olaus Magnus, 1555 ), and the first edition of the 13th century Gesta Danorum of Saxo Grammaticus in 1514.
Saxo and Danorum
The first printed press publication and the oldest known complete text of Saxo ’ s works is Christiern Pedersen's Latin edition, printed and published by Jodocus Badius in Paris, France, March 15, 1514 under the title of Danorum Regum heroumque Historiae (" History of the Kings and heroes of the Danes ").
Saxo and was
In 1510-1512, Christiern Pedersen, a Danish translator working in Paris, searched Denmark high and low for an existing copy of Saxo ’ s works, which by that time was nearly all but lost.
Until recently the history of the Viking Age was largely based on Icelandic Sagas, the history of the Danes written by Saxo Grammaticus, the Russian Primary Chronicle and The War of the Irish with the Foreigners.
Until recently, the history of the Viking Age was largely based on Icelandic sagas, the history of the Danes written by Saxo Grammaticus, the Russian Primary Chronicle and The War of the Irish with the Foreigners.
William of Malmesbury states that Harald was arrested for defiling a noble woman, while according to Saxo Grammaticus he was imprisoned for murder.
Saxo Grammaticus ( c. 1150 – 1220 ) also known as Saxo cognomine Longus was a Danish historian, thought to have been a secular clerk or secretary to Absalon, Archbishop of Lund, foremost advisor to Valdemar I of Denmark.
The Jutland Chronicle gives evidence that Saxo was born in Zealand ().
His name Saxo was a common name in medieval Denmark.
The name Grammaticus (" the learned ") was first given to him in the Jutland Chronicle and the Sjælland Chronicle makes reference to Saxo cognomine Longus (" the tall ").
There is also a Saxo to be found on a list of clergy at Lund, where there was a Sven recorded as Archdeacon.
Both arguments, for a secular or religious Saxo, would confirm that he was well educated, as clergy he would have received training in Latin and sons of great men were often sent to Paris.
The goal of Gesta Danorum was as Saxo writes " to glorify our fatherland ," which he accomplishes on the model of the Aeneid by Vergil.
It is assumed that the last eight books were written first, as Saxo drew heavily on Absalon's testament for evidence of the age of Saint Canute and Valdemar I and Archbishop Absalon died in 1202, before the work was completed.
Oliver Elton who was the first to translate the first nine books of Gesta Danorum into English wrote that Saxo was the first writer produced by Denmark.
On this island, Saxo Grammaticus relates that there was a legendary battle when the Swedish champion Hjalmar and his friend Orvar-Odd fought against the twelve sons of the Swedish berserker Arngrim.
Saxo Grammaticus in the Gesta Danorum asserts that Gorm was older than other monarchs and having lived so long was blind by the time his son Canute was killed.
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