Despite this, the process by which Scots overtook Norn as the primary spoken language on the islands was not a swift one, and most natives of Orkney and Shetland likely spoke Norn as a first language until the late 16th and early-to-mid 17th centuries respectively.

Norn had also been a spoken language in Caithness but had probably become extinct there by the 15th century replaced by Scots.

* Scots language, a language variety spoken in Lowland Scotland and parts of Ulster

The Norn language was a form of Old Norse, which continued to be spoken until the 18th century when it was replaced by an insular dialect of Scots known as Shetlandic, which is in turn is being replaced by Scottish English.

Ulster Scots is often spoken in both the Finn Valley and The Laggan district of East Donegal.

James IV was the last King of Scots known to have spoken Scottish Gaelic.

By that time the variant of the Northumbrian dialect ( prevalent in Northern England ) spoken in southeast Scotland was developing into the Scots language.

Doric, the popular name for Mid Northern Scots or Northeast Scots, refers to the dialects of Scots spoken in the northeast of Scotland.

Scots is the Germanic language variety spoken in Lowland Scotland and parts of Ulster ( where the local dialect is known as Ulster Scots ).

It is sometimes called Lowland Scots to distinguish it from Scottish Gaelic, the Celtic language spoken in most of the western Highlands and in the Hebrides.

The succeeding variety of Early northern Middle English spoken in southeastern Scotland, also known as Early Scots, began to diverge from that of Northumbria due to twelfth and thirteenth century immigration of Scandinavian-influenced Middle English-speakers from the North and Midlands of England.

More recent interpretations assume it refers to the dialects of south and central Scotland and Doric, a term once used to refer to Scots dialects in general, is now generally seen to refer to the Mid Northern Scots dialects spoken in the north-east of Scotland.

This was intended as a classical, standard Scots for a world-class literature, although it was more often than not Scots words grafted on to a standard English grammatical structure somewhat removed from traditional spoken Scots, its main practitioners not being habitual Lowland Scots speakers themselves.

Ulster Scots or Ulster-Scots ( Ulstèr-Scotch ) generally refers to the dialects of the Scots language spoken in parts of Ulster in Ireland.

Some definitions of Ulster Scots may also include Standard English spoken with an Ulster Scots accent.

Lallans ( a variant of the Modern Scots word lawlands meaning the lowlands of Scotland ), was also traditionally used to refer to the Scots language as a whole.

An example of this being that the Ulster Scots Agency itself points to many of its cultural icons as being from either the Scottish lowlands or from Ireland.

: This category is for poets writing some or all of their verse in Lallans ( Eng: lowlands ), an alternative name for the Scots language used by Robert Burns in Address to the Deil in 1786.

The adoption of Middle Scots by the aristocracy has been seen as building a sense of national solidarity and culture between rulers and ruled, although the fact that North of the Tay Gaelic still dominated, may have helped widen the cultural divide between highlands and lowlands.

The new settlers were principally composed of Scots, tens of thousands of whom fled a famine in the lowlands and border regions of Scotland to come to Ulster.

The King believed that Puritans ( or Dissenters ) encouraged by five vociferous members of the House of Commons, John Pym, John Hampden, Denzil Holles, Sir Arthur Haselrig and William Strode along with Viscount Mandeville ( the future Earl of Manchester ) who sat in the House of Lords, had encouraged the Scots to invade England in the recent Bishops ' Wars and that they were intent on turning the London mob against him.

Although there is no official national anthem of Scotland, Flower of Scotland is one of a number of songs which unofficially fulfil this role, along with the older Scots Wha Hae, Scotland the Brave and Highland Cathedral.

They defeated Eogán mac Óengusa, king of the Picts, his brother Bran and the king of the Scots of Dál Riata, Áed mac Boanta, along with many members of the Pictish aristocracy in battle.

A more dubious story tells of how he wished for his bones to be carried along on future expeditions against the Scots.

Legend has it that the name was the result of a spectator exclaiming " Oh how she scoons ", scoon being similar to scon, a Scots word meaning to skip along the surface of the water.

Highlights of Redgrave's early film career include her first starring role in Morgan: A Suitable Case for Treatment ( for which she earned an Oscar nomination, a Cannes award, a Golden Globe nomination and a BAFTA Film Award nomination ); her portrayal of a cool London swinger in 1966's Blowup ; her spirited portrayal of dancer Isadora Duncan in Isadora ( for which she won a National Society of Film Critics ' Award for Best Actress, a second Prize for the Best Female Performance at the Cannes Film Festival, along with a Golden Globe and Oscar nomination in 1969 ); and various portrayals of historical figures – ranging from Andromache in The Trojan Women, to Mary, Queen of Scots in the film of the same name.

In 1054, the English king Edward the Confessor dispatched Earl Siward of Northumbria against the Scots, ruled by Mac Bethad mac Findláich ( Macbeth ), along with an otherwise unknown " Malcolm son of the king of the Cumbrians ", in Strathclyde.

Following the accidental death of Henry II in 1559, his son succeeded as King Francis II along with his wife, the Queen Consort also known as Mary Queen of Scots.

They also were reached by some English and Scots traders from the British colonies along the Atlantic Coast.

In 1310 the building was used as a place of confinement for Queen Elizabeth of the Scots, wife of King Robert the Bruce, along with her stepdaughter Princess Marjorie and sister – in – law, Lady Christine of Carrick.

The next wave of immigration to Hants County was the Ulster Scots people who settled all along the Cobequid shore such as the O ' Briens in Noel, Nova Scotia ( 1771 ) and the Putnams in Maitland, Nova Scotia.

Among academic linguists Ulster Scots, along with other varieties of Scots, is treated as a dialect of English, for example Raymond Hickey, or by others as a variety of the Scots language, for example Caroline Macafee, who writes " Ulster Scots is [...] clearly a dialect of Central Scots.

Óengus, along with his brother, son Eogán, and nephew Domnall, is included in the Duan Albanach, a praise poem from the reign of Máel Coluim ( III ) mac Donnchada listing Máel Coluim's predecessors as kings of Scots, of Alba and of Dál Riata from Fergus Mór and his brothers onwards.

The third creation, along with the Earldom of Ross and Lordship Ardmannoch, was for Mary, Queen of Scots ' king consort Lord Darnley, whose son, later James VI of Scotland, I of England and Ireland, inherited the titles on his death.

But before Fitzwalter could attend to such matters he had to make an expedition into Ulster, which was being kept in a constant state of disturbance by the Highland Scots from Kintyre and the Islands who were making settlements along the Antrim coast in the district of the " Glynnes " ( now known as the Glens of Antrim ), and by the efforts of Shane O ' Neill to dominate more territory in Ulster.

* 1457-Golf, along with football, is banned by the Scots Parliament of James II to preserve the skills of Archery by prohibiting golf on Sundays because it has interfered with military training for the wars against the English.

It became a melting pot of several languages and dialects, but primarily Lancastrian Irish, Welsh, English, Dutch, Scandinavian, German, Scots along with many others.

Trees include native varieties of oak, ash, lime, beech hornbeam, hazel, field maple, aspen, hawthorn, willow, alder, black poplar, holly, wild cherry, rowan and occasional stands of Scots pine, along with numerous shrubs and bushes.

Forster's family originated in the Lords Forrester in Scotland from where his great-grandfather had emigrated after losing most of his property during the rule of Oliver Cromwell along with many other Scots.

In New Zealand it is considered an invasive species and noxious weed, along with Lodgepole Pine — Pinus contorta and Scots Pine — Pinus sylvestris, due to their habitat conversion nature in tussock grassland plant communities, shading out the native bunch grasses as their forest canopy develops.

In his fictional historical essay " The Hyborian Age ", Howard describes how the people of Atlantis — the land where his character King Kull originated — had to move east after a great cataclysm changed the face of the world and sank their island, settling where Ireland and Scotland would eventually be located, Thus they are ( in Howard's work ) the ancestors of the Irish and Scottish ( the Celtic Gaels ) and not the Picts, the other ancestor of modern Scots who also appear in Howard's work.

In the centre of the High Street is the Scots baronial style Town Hall, built in 1886, and the east end has an equestrian statue, known as " the Horse ", erected in 1914.

Shetland () ( from Middle Scots ) is a subarctic archipelago of Scotland that lies north and east of mainland Great Britain.

* Southern Scots – mid and east Dumfriesshire and the Scottish Borders counties Selkirkshire and Roxburghshire, in particular the valleys of the Annan, the Esk, the Liddel Water, the Teviot and the Yarrow Water.

The Scots realisation reaches as far south as the mouth of the north Esk in north Cumbria, crossing Cumbria and skirting the foot of the Cheviots before reaching the east coast at Bamburgh some 12 miles north of Alnwick.

They had settled around the city in a great arc, with Lord Thomas Fairfax's army to the east and the Scots to the south and west.

Ulster Scots is spoken in east Antrim, north Down, north-east County Londonderry, the Laggan area of Donegal, and also in the fishing villages of the Mourne coast.

Scots Pine ( Pinus sylvestris ) is a species of pine native to Europe and Asia, ranging from Scotland, Ireland and Portugal in the west, east to eastern Siberia, south to the Caucasus Mountains, and as far north as well inside the Arctic Circle in Scandinavia ( including Sápmi ).

In 1299 Edward I " Hammer of the Scots ", took his whole court to the manor-house at Sheen, a little east of the bridge and on the riverside, and it thus became a royal residence.

Wormit ( Named after Wormit Bay from the Scots " Wormwood ") is a small town located on the banks of the Firth of Tay in north east Fife, Scotland.

During a debate about tax, MacKenzie claimed that " Scotland believes not in entrepreneurialism like London and the south east ... Scots enjoy spending it ( money ) but they don't enjoy creating it, which is the opposite to down south.

More modern additions have been made to the north and east, in a Scots Baronial style to match the earlier building.

Areas in the east of the Highlands often have substantial influence from Lowland Scots.

Upon finding from an English spy, that the English warden Percy was aware of the muster, and was planning a counter strike, the Scots command decided to split the army, with Fife leading the main body into Cumberland, while a smaller mounted force under Douglas was to go east and despoil Northumberland.

The lands lay mostly in the east of Ulster, a territory anciently in Hiberno-Norman possession, which was much fought over by the Irish and Scots, and would be used by the English within a decade as a base for their efforts at colonisation of the province ( see Plantations of Ireland # Early Plantations ( 1556 – 1576 )).

Easter Ross ( Ros an Ear in Scots Gaelic ) is a loosely defined area in the east of Ross, Highland, Scotland.

In 1548, after the Battle of Pinkie, east of Edinburgh, the infant Mary, Queen of Scots was kept at the castle for several months before her removal to France for safety, where she was soon betrothed to the young dauphin Francis.

There were only three British Army battalions manning the Gin Drinkers Line: the 2nd Battalion, Royal Scots in the west, the 2 / 14th Battalion, Punjab Regiment in the centre and the 5 / 7th Battalion, Rajput Regiment in the east.

A Scots Quair is a trilogy by the Scottish writer Lewis Grassic Gibbon, describing the life of Chris Guthrie, a woman from the north east of Scotland during the early 20th century.

Great Mell Fell is extensively planted with Scots pines on the east, and occasional trees dot the fell all around the base.