Yet in several chapters on Scotland in the eighteenth century, Trevelyan copes persuasively with the tangled confusion of Scottish politics against a vivid background of Scottish religion, customs, and traditions.

Although many observers from the 1880s onward predicted that Yankee politicians would be no match for new generations of ethnic politicians, the presence of Yankees at the top tier of modern American politics was typified by Presidents George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush, and by Democratic National Committee chairman Howard Dean ( as well, to some observers, by 2004 Democratic presidential nominee Senator John Forbes Kerry, descendant through his mother, of the Scottish Forbes family, which emigrated to Massachusetts the 1750s ).

She demonstrated an independent streak and a willingness to use factional Scottish politics in her conflicts with James over the custody of Prince Henry and his treatment of her friend Beatrix Ruthven.

The dispute between husband and wife was set to dominate Scottish politics for the next three years, complicated even more by a bitter feud between Angus and James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran ; with bewildering rapidity Margaret sided with one and then the other.

It has representation at all levels of Scottish politics and now forms the devolved Scottish Government.

Angus Lindsay Ritchie Calder ( 5 February 1942 – 5 June 2008 ) was a Scottish academic, writer, historian, educator and literary editor with a background in English literature, politics and cultural studies.

Calder spent much of his career in Edinburgh, where he became a conspicuous figure on the Scottish literary scene as a published poet and commentator on Scottish culture and politics.

He also took a role in Scottish and American politics.

" His biographer David Dutton believes that Dunglass became interested in politics because of the widespread unemployment and poverty in the Scottish lowlands where his family lived.

Mary was uninterested in politics and devoted to James and her children, two of whom survived to adulthood: the Jacobite claimant to the English, Scottish and Irish thrones, James Francis Edward Stuart, known as " The Old Pretender ", and Princess Louise Mary.

The national Church has never shied from involvement in Scottish politics.

He fought during the English Civil War and then in Oliver Cromwell's Scottish campaign ( 1650 – 51 ), becoming thereafter active in civilian politics until his dismissal by Cromwell in 1657.

He first took an active part in Liberal politics at the University of Edinburgh, and after graduating in Law worked for the Scottish Liberal Party and then the BBC before being elected to the House of Commons as the MP for Roxburgh, Selkirk and Peebles at a 1965 by-election, becoming the " Baby of the House ".

A loyalist in Scotland is someone on the fringes of Scottish unionism who is often strongly supportive of loyalism and unionism, although mainly concentrating on the Irish union issue, rather than on Scottish politics.

The 2003 elections to the Scottish Parliament saw the SSP gain five additional seats across Scotland, becoming the largest left-wing party in Scottish politics.

This failure prompted the SLP to disband ; and members either fell out of active politics, re-joined the Labour Party, or chose to join the Scottish National Party ( SNP ), which both Sillars and Neil did, with both rising to high office in the SNP.

He was admitted to the Scottish bar in December 1794, but, having abandoned the Tory principles in which he had been educated, he found that his Whig politics hampered his legal prospects.

By 1979 the SLP had collapsed and Neil fell out of active politics until 1985 when he joined the Scottish National Party ( SNP ).

Siol nan Gaidheal has stated no interest in contesting elections as it deems electoral politics to be the remit of the Scottish National Party.

The coining of the word cryptozoology is often attributed to Belgian-French zoologist Bernard Heuvelmans, though Heuvelmans attributes coinage of the term to the late Scottish explorer and adventurer Ivan T. Sanderson.

British settlement of the Maritimes, as the colonies of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island came to be known, accelerated throughout the late 18th century and into the 19th century with significant immigration to the region as a result of Scottish migrants displaced by the Highland Clearances and Irish escaping the Great Irish Famine ( 1845-1849 ).

In Aberdeen, Scotland, the shipbuilders Alexander Hall and Sons developed the " Aberdeen " clipper bow in the late 1830s: the first was the Scottish Maid launched in 1839.

In the very late 20th century, a few artists have successfully attempted a reconstruction of the Scottish tradition of violin and " big fiddle ," or cello.

This new identity made it possible for Scottish culture to become integrated into a wider European and North American context, not to mention tourist sites, but it also locked in a sense of " otherness " which Scotland began to shed only in the late 20th century.

The Scottish Hebrides, particularly in the Isle of Skye, show some records of a ' Handfast " or " left-handed " marriage taking place as recently as the late 1600s where the Gaelic scholar, Martin Martin, notes " It was an ancient custom in the Isles that a man take a maid as his wife and keep her for the space of a year without marrying her ; and if she pleased him all the while, he married her at the end of the year and legitimatised her children ; but if he did not love her, he returned her to her parents.

The term was adopted in the late 18th century by Scottish engineer James Watt to compare the output of steam engines with the power of draft horses.

In Scotland, histories tracing the Scottish people to Japheth were published as late as George Chalmers ' well-received Caledonia, published in 3 volumes from 1807 to 1824.

In 1400, Lord Grey informed Glyndŵr too late of a royal command to levy feudal troops for Scottish border service, thus being able to call the Welshman a traitor in London court circles.

Scottish explorer James Bruce experimented in the late 18th century with papyrus plants from the Sudan, for papyrus had become extinct in Egypt.

In alliance with the growing commercial world, the parliamentary opposition to the royal prerogative, and in the late 1630s with the Scottish Presbyterians with whom they had much in common, the Puritans became a major political force in England and came to power as a result of the First English Civil War ( 1642 – 46 ).

According to Barbour and Fordoun, in the late summer of 1305 in a secret agreement sworn, signed and sealed, John Comyn agreed to forfeit his claim to the Scottish throne in favour of Robert Bruce upon receipt of the Bruce lands in Scotland should an uprising occur led by Bruce.

Isabella MacDuff, Countess of Buchan and wife of John Comyn, 3rd Earl of Buchan ( a cousin of the murdered John Comyn ), who claimed the right of her family, the MacDuff Earl of Fife, to crown the Scottish king for her brother, Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife – who was not yet of age, and in English hands – arrived the next day, too late for the coronation, so a second coronation was held and once more the crown was placed on the brow of Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick, Lord of Annandale, King of the Scots.

Uniformitarianism was formulated by Scottish naturalists in the late 18th century, starting with the work of the geologist James Hutton, which was refined by John Playfair and popularised by Charles Lyell's Principles of Geology in 1830.

The Scots language began to diverge from early Northumbrian Middle English, which was called Ynglis as late as the early 16th century ( until the end of the 15th century the name Scottis ( modern form: Scots ) referred to Scottish Gaelic ).

Red deer introduced into New Zealand in 1851 from English and Scottish stock were domesticated in deer farms by the late 1960s and are common farm animals there now.

In the 18th century, for example, Scottish Highland fighters liked to wield small shields ( known as a targe ), and as late as the 19th century, some non-industrialized peoples employed them ( such as Zulu warriors ) when waging war.

The Wars of Scottish Independence were a series of military campaigns fought between the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England in the late 13th and early 14th centuries.

In the late autumn of 1335, Strathbogie, dispossessed Earl of Atholl, and Edward III set out to destroy Scottish resistance by dispossessing and killing the Scottish freeholders.

The monument was dedicated by the Scottish Parliament's Minister for Europe Linda Fabiani during the late summer of 2007, the 90th anniversary of the battle.

Distilling probably arrived in what would later become known as Kentucky when Scottish, Scots-Irish, and other settlers ( including, English, Irish, Welsh, German and French ) began to farm the area in earnest in the late 18th century.

In the late 1990s, Her Majesty's Government and the Scottish Executive re-examined the definition of a city and produced a list of approved cities, from which Perth was omitted.

Scots is a contraction of Scottis, the Older Scots and northern version of late Old English Scottisc ( modern English " Scottish "), which replaced the earlier i-mutated version Scyttisc.