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Sediment cores show that tropical sea surface temperatures may have briefly been as warm as 42 ° C ( 107 ° F ), 17 ° C ( 31 ° F ) warmer than at present, and that they averaged around 37 ° C ( 99 ° F ).
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Sediment and cores
Sediment cores from the lake floor have shown that freshwater conditions existed for several periods during the past 10, 000 years, and that lake level was up to about 9 m higher than its present level of about 990 m above sea-level.
Sediment and show
Sediment samples from below the deep seafloor of the Mediterranean Sea, which include evaporite minerals, soils, and fossil plants, show that about 5. 96 million years ago in the late Miocene period the precursor of the Strait of Gibraltar closed tight, and the Mediterranean Sea, for the first time and then repeatedly, partially desiccated.
Sediment core samples taken on Saint Paul show that tundra vegetation similar to that found on the island today has been present for at least 9, 000 years.
Sediment and sea
Sediment from the sea and rivers accumulated in the undersea bowl, building up in thick layers.
Sediment and surface
Sediment, nitrate, and ammonium in surface runoff from two Tahoe basin soil types.
Sediment deposition can occur when marsh species provide a surface for the sediment to adhere to, followed by deposition onto the marsh surface when the sediment flakes off at low tide.
Sediment traps are often used to measure rates of marsh surface accretion when short term deployments ( e. g. less than one month ) are required.
Sediment and been
* Deformation tills – Sediment which has been disaggregated and ( usually ) homogenised by shearing in the sub glacial deformed layer.
Sediment within the reservoir has been found to contain elevated levels of zinc, lead and cadmium.
Sediment and F
* Jean-Daniel Stanley and Thomas F. Jorstad, Direct Sediment Dispersal from Mountain to Shore, with Bypassing via Three Human-Modified Channel Systems to Lake Annecy, SE France ( 2004 ) Vol 20 ( 4 ) Journal of Coastal Research pp 958-969 JStor.
Sediment and ),
and Bradley, J. B. ( eds ), The Physics of Sediment Transport, A Collection of Hallmark Papers by R. A. Bagnold.
( 2001 ), Sediment Distribution on Skeidararsandur, Southeast Iceland, American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2001
* Debenham, N., ( 1998 ) Thermoluminescence Dating of Sediment from the Calico Site ( California ) ( CAL1 ), Quaternary TL Surveys, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 1998.
Sediment and 17
Sediment collected in various lakes in the area from around 17 to 15 million years ago, becoming the Miocene-aged Colter Formation.
Sediment and at
Sediment in motion at Ocean City.
Sediment from the continent above cascades down the slope and accumulates as a pile of sediment at the base of the slope, called the continental rise.
Sediment is transported in a west-to-east direction, and the beach at Zingst loses 40 cm annually.
Sediment consisting of fine sand and silt is being deposited at the head of the Kaikoura Canyon with an estimated total volume of 0. 24 cubic kilometres accumulated.
Sediment that has piled up at the top of the continental slope, particularly at the heads of submarine canyons can create turbidity current due to overloading, thus consequent slumping and sliding.
Sediment build-up at the river's mouth forms a delta that protrudes into the Mississippi, creating Lake Pepin in the process.
Sediment and around
* Hopley, D. ( 1981 ) " Sediment movement around a coral cay, Great Barrier Reef, Australia ".
Sediment and ).
Sediment is transported along the coast in the direction of the prevailing current ( longshore drift ).
Sediment in rivers is transported as either bedload ( the coarser fragments which move close to the bed ) or suspended load ( finer fragments carried in the water ).
cores and show
It is interesting to note that the figures show very clearly the strong presence of terraced houses rather than separate houses: it exemplifies the urbanization of downtown, but also urban cores such as Jemappes et Cuesmes.
Geological cores taken from its bottom show Lake Victoria has dried up completely at least three times since it formed.
Ice cores show evidence that events of similar intensity recur at an average rate of approximately once per 500 years.
Ice cores from Greenland and Antarctica show evidence of substantial sulfate deposits around 533 – 534 ± 2 years, evidence of an extensive acidic dust veil.
Those cores that analyze for both show a lack of agreement.
These show that there must have once been at least 50 to 100 parent bodies large enough to be differentiated, that have since been shattered to expose their cores and produce the actual meteorites ( Kelley & Gaffey 2000 ).
This is the period when data retrieved from glacial ice cores show the beginning of a growth in the atmospheric concentrations of several " greenhouse gases ", in particular CO < sub > 2 </ sub > and CH < sub > 4 </ sub >.
Ice cores show that events such as this occur approximately every 150 years on average.
Indeed, sediment cores show a ~ 3. 5 fold increase in phosphorus concentration over the past century.
Measurements of carbon dioxide concentration in ancient air bubbles trapped in polar ice cores show that mean atmospheric CO < sub > 2 </ sub > concentration has historically been between 275 and 285 ppmv during the Holocene epoch ( 9, 000 BCE onwards ), but started rising sharply at the beginning of the nineteenth century.
For example, tree rings, ice cores, and corals generally show variation on an annual time scale, but borehole reconstructions rely on rates of thermal diffusion, and small scale fluctuations are washed out.
On longer time scales, sediment cores show that the cycles of glacials and interglacials are part of a deepening phase within a prolonged ice age that began with the glaciation of Antarctica approximately 40 million years ago.
Greenland ice cores show 24 interstadials during the one hundred thousand years of the Wisconsin glaciation.
cores and tropical
January, 1258, with ice cores pointing to a tropical location such as El Chichón, Mexico or possibly Quilotoa, Ecuador.
A reconstruction based on ice cores found the Medieval Warm Period could be distinguished in tropical South America from about 1050 to 1300, followed in the 15th century by the Little Ice Age.
Although polar cores have the clearest and longest chronological record, four-times or more as long, ice cores from tropical regions offer data and insights not available from polar cores and have been very influential in advancing understanding of the planets climate history and mechanisms.
cores and sea
Ice cores and sediment cores are used to for paleoclimate reconstructions, which tell geologists about past and present temperature, precipitation, and sea level across the globe.
Similar seasonal patterns also occur in ice cores and in varves ( layers of sediment deposition in a lake, river, or sea bed ).
Borehole temperature profiles, ice cores, floral and faunal records, glacial and periglacial processes, stable isotope and other sediment analyses, and sea level records serve to provide a climate record that spans the geologic past.
The ratio of < sup > 18 </ sup > O to < sup > 16 </ sup > O in ice and deep sea cores is temperature dependent, and can be used as a proxy measure for reconstructing climate change.
The higher geestland cores of the North Frisian islands, scattered between ample marshlands, attracted settlers when the sea level rose at the end of the Neolithicum.
About 5, 000 years ago, the sea reached its present level and the cores of today's Darß and Zingst became islands.
The program used the drillship Joides Resolution ( JOIDES = Joint Oceanographic Institutions for Deep Earth Sampling ) on 110 expeditions ( Legs ) to collect about 2000 deep sea cores from major geological features located in the ocean basins of the world.
NSIDC archives and distributes digital and analog snow and ice data and also maintains information about snow cover, avalanches, glaciers, ice sheets, freshwater ice, sea ice, ground ice, permafrost, atmospheric ice, paleoglaciology, and ice cores.
Scientists drilling through marine sediments can distinguish six distinct events in cores of mud retrieved from the sea floor, which are labelled H1-H6 going back in time ; there is some evidence that H3 and H6 differ from other events.
The oxygen isotope ratio obtained from deep sea cores and a proxy for average global temperature, is an important source of information about changes in the climate of the earth.
0.623 seconds.