Datasets are tables consisting of molecular, morphological, ethological and / or other characters and a list of operational taxonomic units ( OTUs ) which may be genes, individuals, populations, species, or larger taxa that are presumed to be monophyletic and that are presumed to form, all together, one large clade ; phylogenetic analysis reconstructs the branching pattern within that clade.

Despite the critical role that dendrites play in the computational tendencies of neurons, very little is known about the process by which dendrites orient themselves in vivo and are compelled to create the intricate branching pattern unique to each specific neuronal class.

It presented a body of evidence that the diversity of life arose by common descent through a branching pattern of evolution.

Within two decades there was widespread scientific agreement that evolution, with a branching pattern of common descent, had occurred, but scientists were slow to give natural selection the significance that Darwin thought appropriate.

The neuroanatomical term arbor vitae ( tree of life ) describes the branching pattern between the cortical grey matter and subcortical white matter of the cerebellum.

The branching pattern exhibited by xylem follows Murray's law.

It was widely supported in the Edinburgh and London schools of higher anatomy around 1830, notably by Robert Edmond Grant, but was opposed by Karl Ernst von Baer's embryology of divergence in which embryonic parallels only applied to early stages where the embryo took a general form, after which more specialised forms diverged from this shared unity in a branching pattern.

Darwin recognised the importance of embryonic development in the understanding of evolution, and the way in which von Baer's branching pattern matched his own idea of descent with modification:

Instead the fossil record was consistent with the irregular, branching, and non-directional pattern predicted by the modern synthesis.

Once eukaryotes were established, their sexual reproduction produced the traditional branching tree-like pattern, the only diagram Darwin put in the Origin.

This type of tree only represents a branching pattern, i. e., its branch lengths do not represent time or relative amount of character change.

In a 1979 monograph, John I. Pitt divided Penicillium into four subgenera based on conidiophore morphology and branching pattern: Aspergilloides, Biverticillium, Furcatum, and Penicillium.

The mockingbirds with some thrashers seem to form one major clade, while the two other groups and the remaining thrashers seem to form the another, but the basal branching pattern is not well resolved.

In fact, because evolution is a branching process that produces a complex bush pattern of related species rather than a linear process producing a ladder-like progression, and because of the incompleteness of the fossil record, it is unlikely that any particular form represented in the fossil record is a direct ancestor of any other.

Typically, there is one or several central roads in the subdivision with many cul-de-sac streets of varying length, branching out from the main roads, to fill the land in the subdivision ; a dendrite or hierarchical pattern.

The branching pattern of this tree often gives it a rugged appearance.

The fine pattern of branching stream beds were probably formed from water moving across the surface.

The low areas between the ridges ( particularly along the volcano's northern flank ) show a branching pattern of shallow gullies and channels ( valley networks ) that likely formed by water runoff.

Ideally, we would expect the distribution of whatever evolutionary characters ( such as phenotypic traits or alleles ) to directly follow the branching pattern of evolution.

** Borderline tumors have a complex branching pattern without stromal invasion

The shoots are dimorphic, with long shoots ( long ) producing structural branch growth, and short shoots ( long ) bearing the flowers ; this pattern often developing a ' herringbone ' form of branching.

The broadly spreading shape is very pronounced, in part due to the long horizontal branching pattern.

* In phylogenetics, the branching pattern of a phylogenetic tree.

The tree's more upright branching pattern differs from the deliquescent branching of the American elm.

As one illustration, trees, ferns, cells of the nervous system, blood and lung vasculature, and other branching patterns in nature can be modeled on a computer by using recursive algorithms and L-systems techniques.

Coevolution branching strategies for asexual population dynamics in limited resource environments have been modeled using the generalized Lotka – Volterra equations.

When the graph is uniformly random except for the degree distribution, these critical vertices are the ones with the highest degree, and have thus been implicated in the spread of disease ( natural and artificial ) in social and communication networks, and in the spread of fads ( both of which are modeled by a percolation or branching process ).

A forest of synthetic pyramidal cell | pyramidal dendrite s grown in silico using Santiago Ramón y Cajal | Cajal's laws of neuronal branching

Diagrams that visually map information using branching and radial maps trace back centuries.

Spaghetti code is a pejorative term for source code that has a complex and tangled control structure, especially one using many GOTOs, exceptions, threads, or other " unstructured " branching constructs.

The binary is then modified using the debugger or a hex editor or monitor in a manner that replaces a prior branching opcode with its complement or a NOP opcode so the key branch will either always execute a specific subroutine or skip over it.

* Use of indexed program branching, utilizing branch tables or " threaded code " to control program flow, ( rather than using multiple conditional IF statements or unoptimized CASE / SWITCH ) can drastically reduce instruction path length, simultaneously reduce program size and even also make a program easier to read and more easily maintainable ( in effect it becomes a ' decision table ' rather than repetitive spaghetti code ).

The population genetics of genetic drift are described using either branching processes or a diffusion equation describing changes in allele frequency.

That is, the exec () service read the executable file header ( meta ) data into a kernel space buffer, but read the executable image into user space, thereby not using the constant's branching feature.

Hence, the spontaneous fission of these isotopes is usually negligible, except in using the exact branching ratios when finding the radioactivity of a sample of these elements.

** Branch table, a term used to describe an efficient method of transferring program control ( branching ) to another part of a program using a table of branch instructions.

* Highly branched cyclic dextrin is a dextrin produced from enzymatic breaking of the amylopectin in clusters and using branching enzyme to form large cyclic chains.

The books involve a branching path format in order to move between sections of text, but the reader creates a character as in a role-playing game, and resolves actions using a game-system.

In 1996, the tactical role-playing game Fire Emblem: Seisen no Keifu also featured a non-linear branching storyline, but instead of using an alignment system, it used a relationship system resembling dating sims that gave players the ability to affect the relationship points between different units / characters.

The line ran from Liverpool Exchange first using a joint line with Liverpool, Ormskirk and Preston Railway before branching of to proceed via Kirkby then Wigan and Bolton to Bury.

In development environments using revision control, the use of branching can alleviate delays in development caused by freezes.

Compensation for static hazards, namely branching signals, can render a circuit untestable using this model.

In addition to recording and touring, Dean is branching into using music for corporate marketing.