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Sendel Grynszpan, Herschel's father, was present at the Israeli premiere in 1952 of Sir Michael Tippett's oratorio about Grynszpan, A Child of Our Time.
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Sendel and Grynszpan
His parents, Sendel and Rivka Grynszpan, were Polish Jews who had immigrated from Poland in 1911 and settled in Hanover, where Sendel opened a tailor's shop, from which the family made a modest living.
At the trial of Adolf Eichmann, Sendel Grynszpan recounted the events of their deportation, on the night of 27 October 1938: " Then they took us in police trucks, in prisoners ’ lorries, about 20 men in each truck, and they took us to the railway station.
Sendel and was
In 2004 Carrillo was the protagonist in Amarte es mi Pecado ( Loving you is my sin ), alongside Sergio Sendel and Alessandra Rosaldo, produced by Alonso.
Sendel and .
Among those are Alexis Ayala, Jorge Salinas, Sergio Sendel, Alfonso de Nigris and the play's producer, Sergio Mayer.
Grynszpan and was
Their son Herschel Grynszpan was in Paris at the time.
The pretext for the attacks was the assassination of German diplomat Ernst vom Rath by Herschel Grynszpan, a German-born Polish Jew in Paris, France.
Among those expelled was the family of Zindel and Rivka Grynszpan, Polish Jews who had emigrated to Germany in 1911 and settled in Hannover.
Herschel Feibel Grynszpan ( March 28, 1921 — declared dead 1960 ) was a German-born Jewish refugee of Polish parents, and convicted political assassin.
Grynszpan was seized by the Gestapo after the German invasion of France and brought to Germany.
Herschel Grynszpan was born in Hanover, Germany.
He obtained a Polish passport and a German residence permit, and received permission to leave Germany for Belgium, where another uncle, Wolf Grynszpan, was living.
In July 1938, the Prefecture of Police ruled that Grynszpan had no basis for his request to stay in France, and in August he was ordered to leave the country.
Meanwhile, the position of the Grynszpan family in Hanover was becoming increasingly untenable.
It was from Zbąszyn that Berta Grynszpan sent a postcard to Herschel in Paris, telling him what had happened and pleading with him to rescue them and arrange for them to emigrate to America-something totally beyond his powers.
At 9: 45am at the Embassy reception desk, Grynszpan said that he was a German resident and that he wanted to see an Embassy official-he did not ask for anyone by name ( an important point in the light of later events ).
Grynszpan was distraught that his action had triggered such a violent assault on the German Jews ( although his own family, having already been deported to the Polish border, were safe from this particular manifestation of Nazi anti-Semitism ).
Grynszpan after he was arrested by French police
Franckel and Moro-Giafferi, however, took the view that if Grynszpan was allowed to claim that he had shot vom Rath with such a motive, this would result in his certain conviction and possibly take him to the guillotine ( despite his being a minor ), since French law took a severe view of political assassination.
This seems to have been the origin of the theory that Grynszpan was acquainted with vom Rath prior to the shooting, and that vom Rath was his intended victim.
According to this version of events, vom Rath was a homosexual, and met Grynszpan in a Paris bar, Le Boeuf sur le Toit.
It is not clear whether Grynszpan was himself alleged to be homosexual, or whether he was said to be using his youth and appearance to win an influential friend.
While interned in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp in 1941, Grynszpan told fellow inmates that although he was intending to claim at his trial that he had had homosexual relations with vom Rath, this was not true.
From November 1938 to June 1940 Grynszpan was imprisoned in the Fresnes Prison in Paris while legal arguments continued over the conduct of his trial.
Grimm tried to argue that Grynszpan should be extradited to Germany, even though he was not a German citizen-there was no way the French government could agree to this.
Grynszpan applied for release from detention so that he could join the French Foreign Legion, but this was refused.
Grynszpan and at
The officials at the German Embassy were clear that Grynszpan had not asked to see vom Rath by name, and that he saw vom Rath only because he happened to be on duty at the time Grynszpan visited the Embassy, and because the desk clerk asked vom Rath to see Grynszpan.
Moro-Giafferi shared the fears of the Grynszpan committee at the time of Kristallnacht that a political trial would be a catastrophe for the Jews of Germany and elsewhere.
Grynszpan was sent first to Orléans, from where he was sent by bus to the prison at Bourges.
On 18 July Grynszpan was delivered to Bömelburg at the border of the Occupied Zone.
Grynszpan spent the remainder of his life in German custody, being shuttled between Moabit Prison in Berlin and the concentration camps at Sachsenhausen and Flossenbürg.
The Justice Ministry, still staffed by lawyers concerned to uphold the letter of the law, argued correctly that since Grynszpan was not a German citizen, he could not be tried in Germany for a murder he had committed outside Germany, and since he had been a minor at the time he could not face the death penalty.
" The issue that was troubling the Justice Ministry was not the allegation that vom Rath had had a sexual relationship with Grynszpan-they knew that to be false, and in fact they knew Grynszpan had told some of his fellow prisoners at Sachsenhausen that it was false.
In recognition of this, Grynszpan was moved in September to the prison at Magdeburg.
Nothing, obviously, emerged from the whole thing and I merely said then to Krischak that if he had completed the interrogation, I wanted him to bring him to me upstairs, for I very much wanted-for once-to look at the man Grynszpan.
After the killing there were claims that vom Rath was a homosexual, and that Grynszpan was intending to use this claim in his defence at the trial by implying that Rath had seduced him.
Grynszpan and about
At the trial of Adolf Eichmann in 1961, Zindel Grynszpan recounted the events of their deportation from Hannover on the night of 27 October 1938: “ Then they took us in police trucks, in prisoners ’ lorries, about 20 men in each truck, and they took us to the railway station.
Soon after this, Hitler was made aware of the problem-by whom it is not clear, but it is probable that the matter had reached the ears of Martin Bormann, head of the Party Chancellery and Hitler's private secretary, who thought it his duty to inform Hitler that Goebbels had not told him the whole truth about the Grynszpan case.
Grynszpan and .
In October 1938, 484 Hanoverian Jews of Polish origin were expelled to Poland, including the Grynszpan family.
In November 1938, Goebbels got the chance to take decisive action against the Jews for which he had been waiting when a Jewish youth, Herschel Grynszpan, shot a German diplomat in Paris, Ernst vom Rath, in revenge for the deportation of his family to Poland and the persecution of German Jews generally.
* 1938 – Nazi German diplomat Ernst vom Rath dies from the fatal gunshot wounds of Jewish resistance fighter Herschel Grynszpan, an act which the Nazis used as an excuse to instigate the 1938 national pogrom, also known as Kristallnacht.
In November 1938, after the murder of German diplomat Ernst vom Rath by Herschel Grynszpan ( a Polish Jew ), the SA were used for " demonstrations " against the act.
Grynszpan made no attempt to escape the French police and freely confessed to the shooting.
Rather than wait, Herschel and his parents decided that he should go to live with his uncle and aunt, Abraham and Chawa Grynszpan, in Paris.
In Paris, Grynszpan lived in a small Yiddish-speaking enclave of Polish Orthodox Jews, and met few people outside it, learning only a few words of French in two years.
On the morning of 7 November, Grynszpan wrote a farewell postcard to his parents, which he put in his pocket.
When Grynszpan entered vom Rath's office, he pulled out his gun and shot vom Rath five times in the abdomen.
Grynszpan made no attempt to resist or escape, and identified himself correctly to the French police.
By then, however, vom Rath's assassination had already had the most dire consequences for the people Grynszpan had apparently been trying to help — the German Jews.
The death of vom Rath and the horrors of the Kristallnacht pogroms brought Herschel Grynszpan international notoriety.
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