Shahak first became concerned about Israel ’ s direction because of David Ben-Gurion's statement during the 1956 Suez War that Israel was fighting for " the kingdom of David and Solomon.

In 1966, Immanuel Jakobovits, who later became Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of Britain and the Commonwealth, disputed the veracity of Shahak's story, and alleged that when challenged to substantiate his claim, Shahak eventually had been forced to admit that the Orthodox Jew he claimed to have witnessed " simply did not exist.

Following the 1967 Six-Day War, Shahak disavowed his affiliation with the League Against Religious Coercion, stating they were " fake liberals " who used liberal principles to fight religious influence in Israeli society, but failed to apply them to Israeli treatment of Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza.

Israel Shahak (; born Himmelstaub, April 28, 1933 – July 2, 2001 ) was a Polish-born Holocaust survivor and Israeli professor of chemistry at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, known especially as a liberal political thinker, author, and civil rights activist.

In 1969 Shahak and another Hebrew University faculty member staged a sit-down protest against the Israeli government jailing Palestinian students under emergency administrative detention regulations.

Shahak began publishing translations into English of Hebrew press accounts of Israeli activities he considered unjust or illegal, in order to publicize them to the wider world, and especially the United States.

From age 12, Shahak cared for and provided economic support for his mother who survived the Nazi camp in very poor physical condition.

In 1961, Shahak left Israel for the United States to study as a postdoctoral student at Stanford University.

" Reviewer Sheldon Richman explains that for Shahak, Zionism was both a reflection of, and capitulation to, European antisemitism, " since it, like the anti-Semites, holds that Jews are everywhere aliens who would best be isolated from the rest of the world.

In his last years, Shahak criticized hypocrisy in the Palestinian national movement, and the radical left for its uncritical support of the movement, publishing letters in Ha ' aretz and Kol Ha ' ir.

In 1965, Shahak wrote a letter to Ha ' aretz which, according to Dan Rickman, writing in The Guardian in 2009, was the genesis for " he currently major debate within and outside Israel about Orthodox Jewish attitudes to non-Jews ".

In the letter Shahak claimed to have witnessed an Orthodox Jewish man refusing to allow his telephone to be used to call an ambulance for a non-Jew because it was the Jewish Sabbath.

" Following the attack, Lt .- Gen. Amnon Shahak, Israel's chief of staff, at a press conference in Tel Aviv on April 18 defended the shelling: " I don't see any mistake in judgment … We fought Hezbollah there Qana, and when they fire on us, we will fire at them to defend ourselves … I don't know any other rules of the game, either for the army or for civilians …".

Born in Warsaw, Poland, Shahak was the youngest child of a cultured, religious, pro-Zionist, Ashkenazi Jewish family.

Shahak was liberated from the camp in 1945, and shortly thereafter emigrated to the British Mandate of Palestine, where he wanted to join a kibbutz, but was turned down as " too weedy ".

A documentary film about Carlebach directed by Boaz Shahak, " You Never Know ," was released at the Jerusalem Film Festival, also in 2008.

After graduating from high school, Shahak served in the Israel Defense Forces ( IDF ) in an elite regiment.

In his later years, Shahak lived in the Rehavia neighborhood of Jerusalem.

Topics on which Shahak wrote included suppression of freedom of speech and political activity, land ordinances and confiscation, living restrictions, home destruction, unequal pay and work restrictions, emergency defense regulations, torture of prisoners, collective punishment, assassinations, discrimination in education and deprivation of citizenship.

These activities earned Shahak great hostility in Israel and he even received death threats.

Shahak promoted the theory that Israel's religious interpretation of Jewish history led it to disregard Arab human rights.

 In December 1999, Barger linked to a passage by anti-zionist critic Israel Shahak, which drew a concerned response from a fellow blogger and led to allegations of anti-Semitism.

It was not until he moved across the porch that he became aware of them, and then it was too late.

And then I became aware that she, too, glanced at me surreptitiously.

even when the fences became a part of the game -- when a vine-embowered gate-post was the Sleeping Beauty's enchanted castle, or when Rapunzel let down her golden hair from beneath the crocketed spire, even then we paid little heed to those who went by on the path outside.

The British, although suffering considerable losses, noted the defection of the Marylanders, made a stand, then turned and attacked Morgan who became greatly outnumbered and had to retire.

I became fifteen, sixteen, then twenty, and still Tessie Alpert sat on the porch with a rose in her hair, and Alfred got richer and sicker with diabetes.

Mr. Banks was always called Banks the Butcher until he left town and the shop passed over to Meltzer the Scholar who then became automatically Meltzer the Butcher.

His problem then became one of restraining the American fighters who wanted to clean out the Vermejo by force immediately.

What Parker and his contemporaries -- Gillespie, Davis, Monk, Roach ( Tristano is an anomaly ), etc. -- did was to absorb the musical ornamentation of the older jazz into the basic structure, of which it then became an integral part, and with which it then developed.

Radio broadcasts, however -- now that even plain people could afford `` loud speakers '' on their sets -- held old fans to the major-league races and attracted new ones, chiefly women, who through what the philosopher called the ineluctable modality of audition, became first inured, then attracted, then addicted to the long afternoon recitals of the doings in some distant baseball park.

Pete frowned slightly, then became sad and moody.

To the German pilot in the bomber the rocket became a faint black speck, hurtling through the sky at the then incredible speed of 420 m.p.h..

At Geneva in 1954, to get the war in Indo-China settled, the British and French gave in to Russian and Communist Chinese demands and agreed to the setting up of a Communist state, North Viet Nam -- which then, predictably, became a base for Communist operations against neighboring South Viet Nam and Laos.

He started out as a stickman, then became a pit boss until the Club found him crossroading.

Hence, Apollo then became a master of the lyre.

It eventually became used for the descendant languages of Latin ( the Romance languages ) and then for most of the other languages of Europe.

Aramaic gradually became the lingua franca throughout the Middle East, with the script at first complementing and then displacing Assyrian cuneiform as the predominant writing system.

During its preparation he became a friend of Cosima Wagner ( then in Strasbourg ), with whom he had many theological and musical conversations, exploring his view of Bach's descriptive music, and playing the major Chorale Preludes for her at the Temple Neuf.

The first Abstract Expressionists were considered madmen to give up their brushes and rely on the sheer force of energy to leave an image, but then the import of atomic bombs, all atomic energy, became realized, and art found no better way of expressing its power.

Abensberg then lost its independence and became a part of the Duchy of Bavaria, and from then on was administered by a ducal official, the so-called caretaker.

Aachen became attractive as a spa by the middle of the 17th century, not so much because of the effects of the hot springs on the health of its visitors but because Aachen was then — and remained well into the 19th century — a place of high-level prostitution in Europe.

When Troy was sacked by the Greeks, Aeneas, after being commanded by the gods to flee, gathered a group, collectively known as the Aeneads, who then traveled to Italy and became progenitors of Romans.

Ajax then became an Attic hero ; he was worshiped at Athens, where he had a statue in the market-place, and the tribe Aiantis was named after him.