Shahanshah Shah Jahan erected many splendid monuments, the most famous of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra, built in 1632-1648 as a tomb for his beloved wife, Empress Mumtaz Mahal.

Shahanshah Al-Sultan al -' Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram, Malik-ul-Sultanat, Ala Hazrat Abu ' l-Muzaffar Shahab ud-din Muhammad Shah Jahan I, Sahib-i-Qiran-i-Sani, Padshah Ghazi Zillu ' llah, Firdaus-Ashiyani, Shahanshah — E -- Sultanant Ul Hindiya Wal Mughaliya

* Shah and Shahanshah

Shah or Shahanshah (" King of Kings ") was the title of Persian emperors or kings.

# 1747 Nadir Shah of the Afshar Dynasty, Shahanshah of Persia ( Iran ) by Salah Bey

Though her husband's title, Shahanshah ( King of Kings ), is the equivalent of Emperor, it was not until 1967 that a complementary feminine title, Shahbanu or Shahbanou ( equivalent of Empress consort ), was created to designate the consort of a Shah.

Home of Agha Muhammad Shah, Shahanshah of Persia in Sari.

Aryamehr () was the title used in the Pahlavi dynasty by Shahanshah Mohammad Reza Shah of Iran.

The first written record of its consistent use dates to Iranian Kings of the Persian Empire ( pronounced Shahanshah ).

The name Shahanshah, meaning King of Kings, derived from the fact that there were many feudal kings in Sassanian Persia with the Shahanshah as the ruler of them all.

The only major reversal to the expansion came in 1622 when Shahanshah Abbas, the Safavid Emperor of Persia, captured Kandahar while Jahangir was battling his rebellious son, Khurram in Hindustan.

The new kingdom, and Godfrey's reputation, was secured with the defeat of the Fatimid Egyptian army under al-Afdal Shahanshah at the Battle of Ascalon one month after the conquest, on August 12, but Raymond and Godfrey's continued antagonism prevented the crusaders from taking control of Ascalon itself.

For instance, the third Mughal emperor, Akbar the Great ( 1542 – 1605 ), was formally known as " Shahanshah Akbar-e-Azam ".

Khosrau I ( also called Chosroes I in classical sources, most commonly known in Persian as Anushirvan or Anushirwan, Persian: انوشيروان meaning the immortal soul ), also known as Anushiravan the Just or Anushirawan the Just ( انوشیروان عادل, Anushiravān-e-ādel or انوشيروان دادگر, Anushiravān-e-dādgar ) ( r. 531 – 579 ), was the favourite son and successor of Kavadh I ( 488 – 531 ), twentieth Sassanid Emperor ( Persian: Shahanshah, Great King ) of Persia, and the most famous and celebrated of the Sassanid Emperors.

* In Muslim Persia, the Prime Minister under the political authority of the Shahanshah was commonly styled Vazīr-e Azam (' Supreme -, i. e. Grand Vizier '; alternative titles include Atabeg-e Azam and Sardār-e Azam ), and various Ministers held cabinet rank as vazir, including a Vazir-i-Daftar ( minister for finance ) and a Vazir-i-Lashkar ( war portfolio ).

* Burzoe or bozorgmehr was grand vizier of Khosrau I, the Sassanid Shahanshah of Persian Empire

A man as vigorous and authoritarian as the Shahanshah ( Persian: شاه شاهان ) was bound to have detractors.

When Jerusalem was captured on July 15, Robert supported Godfrey's claim over that of Raymond, and on August 9 marched out with him to meet the Fatimid army under al-Afdal Shahanshah which was coming to relieve Jerusalem.

Mazdak () ( died c. 524 or 528 ) was an Iranian reformer and religious activist who gained influence under the reign of the Sassanian Shahanshah Kavadh I.

– 628 a. d .) () was a wife of the Sassanid Persian Shahanshah ( king of kings ), Khosrau II.

The Imperial Bank of Persia ( Persian: Bank Shahanshah ) was an Iranian bank.

Particularly in dispute is the assertion that Khosrau II received a letter from Muhammad, as the Sassanid court ceremony was notoriously intricate, and it is unlikely that a letter from what at the time was a minor regional power would have reached the hands of the Shahanshah.

al-Malik al-Afdal ibn Badr al-Jamali Shahanshah ( 1066 – December 11, 1121 ) () was a vizier of the Fatimid caliphs of Egypt.

He held it until the city was captured by the Fatimid vizier of Egypt, al-Afdal Shahanshah, in 1098.

Al-Musta ‘ li was made caliph by Regent al-Afdal Shahanshah ( 1094 – 1121 ) as the successor to al-Mustansir.

Like his father al-Musta ‘ lī ( 1094 – 1101 ), al-Āmir was controlled by the regent al-Afdal Shahanshah ( 1094 – 1121 ) and had little influence in political matters.

* 1099 – First Crusade: Battle of Ascalon Crusaders under the command of Godfrey of Bouillon defeat Fatimid forces led by Al-Afdal Shahanshah.

In Persia, from the time of Darius the Great, Persian rulers used the title " King of Kings " ( Shahanshah in modern Iranian ) since they had dominion over peoples from India to Greece.

Shahanshah is usually translated as king of kings or simply king for ancient rulers of the Achaemenid, Arsacid, and Sassanid dynasties, and often shortened to shah for rulers since the Safavid dynasty in the 16th century.

The Fatimids, under the nominal rule of caliph al-Musta ' li but actually controlled by vizier al-Afdal Shahanshah, had lost Jerusalem to the Seljuqs in 1073 ; they recaptured it in 1098 from the Artuqids, a smaller Turkish tribe associated with the Seljuqs, just before the arrival of the crusaders.

* December 11 – Al-Afdal Shahanshah, Fatimid Caliph of Egypt ( b. 1066 )

Thus, on the coins and charters issued in her name, Tamar is identified as " by the will of God, King of Kings and Queen of Queens of the Abkhazians, Kartvelians, Arranians, Kakhetians, and Armenians ; Shirvanshah and Shahanshah ; Autocrat of all the East and the West, Glory of the World and Faith ; Champion of the Messiah.

This sacrilege led the Babylonians to rebel in 484 BC and 482 BC, so that in contemporary Babylonian documents, Xerxes refused his father's title of King of Babylon, being named rather as King of Persia and Media, Great King, King of Kings ( Shahanshah ) and King of Nations ( i. e. of the world ).

Badr al-Jamali's son, Al-Afdal Shahanshah, succeeded him in power as vizier.

In 1092, Al-Afdal Shahanshah — Badr al-Jamali built a second wall around Cairo.

The Fatimids, under the nominal rule of caliph al-Musta ' li but actually controlled by vizier al-Afdal Shahanshah, had lost Jerusalem to the Seljuqs in 1073 ( although some older accounts say 1076 ); they recaptured it in 1098 from the Artuqids, a smaller Turkish tribe associated with the Seljuqs, just before the arrival of the crusaders.

The subsequent reforms resulted in the rise of a bureaucratic state at the expense of the great noble families, strengthening the central government and the power of the Shahanshah.

Each family would provide their own army and equipment when called by the Shahanshah.

While he was encamped in Baghdad, Murad IV is known to have met the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan's ambassadors: Mir Zarif and Mir Baraka, who presented 1000 pieces of finely embroidered cloth and even armor.

Other important buildings of Shah Jahan's rule were the Diwan-i-Am and Diwan-i-Khas in the Red Fort Complex in Delhi and the Moti Masjid in the Lahore Fort.

Despite her frequent pregnancies, she travelled with Shah Jahan's entourage throughout his earlier military campaigns and the subsequent rebellion against his father.

She is portrayed by Shah Jahan's chroniclers as the perfect wife with no aspirations to political power.

Her body was temporarily buried at Burhanpur in a walled pleasure garden known as Zainabad, originally constructed by Shah Jahan's uncle Daniyal on the bank of the Tapti River.

Court intrigues, however, including Nur Jahan's decision to have her daughter from her first marriage wed Shah Jahan's youngest brother Shahzada Shahryar and her support for his claim to the throne led Khurram, supported by Muhabbat Khan, into open revolt against his father in 1622.

In 1628, immediately after becoming Mughal Emperor, Shah Jahan's forces were ambushed by Sikh rebels, the Emperor organized an assault, which caused almost all the Sikhs, including Guru Hargobind and his mercenaries to flee.

During his reign the Marwari horse was introduced becoming Shah Jahan's favorite and various Mughal Cannons were mass produced in the Jaigarh Fort.

The Surrender of Kandahar, a miniature painting from the Padshahnama depicting the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan's successful capture of the city in the year 1638.

While he was encamped in Baghdad, Sultan Murad IV is known to have met the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan's ambassadors: Mir Zarif and Mir Baraka, who presented 1000 pieces of finely embroidered cloth and even armor.

Shah Jahan's reign saw some of India's most well-known architectural and artistic accomplishments.

Under Shah Jahan's rule, Mughal artistic and architectural achievements reached their zenith.

Princess Jahanara planned a state funeral which was to include a procession with Shah Jahan's body carried by eminent nobles followed by the notable citizens of Agra and officials scattering coins for the poor and needy.

Shah Jahan's cenotaph is bigger than that of his wife, but reflects the same elements: a larger casket on a slightly taller base, again decorated with astonishing precision with lapidary and calligraphy that identifies him.

* Shah Jahan's 353rd death anniversary observed at Taj Mahal at TwoCircles. net

The Taj Mahal is completely symmetric except for Shah Jahan's sarcophagus, which is placed off center in the crypt room below the main floor.

Under Shah Jahan's reign, Mughal carpet weaving took on a new aesthetic and entered its classical phase.

The Taj Mahal is completely symmetrical except for Shah Jahan's sarcophagus, which is placed off center in the crypt room below the main floor.

Nizam ul-Mulk's desire to restore the etiquette of the Court and the discipline of the State to the standard of Shah Jahan's time earned him few friends.

Mumtaz Mahal mothered fourteen children by Shah Jahan, including Aurangzeb, Shah Jahan's successor, the Imperial Prince Dara Shukoh the heir apparent anointed by Shah Jahan and Jahanara Begum, the Imperial Princess.

Mumtaz Mahal was Shah Jahan's trusted companion, travelling with him all over the Mughal Empire.