In this paper, Hubble concluded the " Great Debate " of 1920 between Heber Curtis and Shapley over the scale of the universe and the nature of the " spiral nebula ".

The last pages of her book made clear that while Ms. Shapley deeply admired certain aspects of McNamara the man, and the public servant, she had seen first-hand his need to manipulate the truth, as well as to tell it.

Shapley persuaded Payne to write a doctoral dissertation, and so in 1925 she became the first person to earn a Ph. D. in astronomy from Radcliffe ( now part of Harvard ) for her thesis: " Stellar Atmospheres, A Contribution to the Observational Study of High Temperature in the Reversing Layers of Stars ".

Shapley, however, made efforts to improve her position, and in 1938 she was given the title of " astronomer ".

( Harlow Shapley, in his 1959 book Of Stars and Men, suggested the term Metagalaxy.

Shapley threatened to organise a textbook boycott of Macmillan for its publication of Worlds in Collision, and within two months the book was transferred to Doubleday.

A different method by Harlow Shapley based on the cataloguing of globular clusters led to a radically different picture: a flat disk with diameter approximately 70 kiloparsecs and the Sun far from the center.

* Booknotes interview with Deborah Shapley on Promise and Power: The Life and Times of Robert McNamara, March 21, 1993.

Modern physical cosmology as it is currently studied first emerged as a scientific discipline in the period after the Shapley – Curtis debate and discoveries by Edwin Hubble of a cosmic distance ladder when astronomers and physicists had to come to terms with a universe that was of a much larger scale than the previously assumed galactic size.

This came to the attention of Shapley, who opposed the publication of the work, having been made familiar with Velikovsky's claims through the pamphlet Velikovsky had given him.

Astronomer Harlow Shapley, along with others such as Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin, were highly critical of Macmillan's decision to publish the work.

More recently, James Gilbert, professor of history at University of Maryland, challenged this traditional version with a more nuanced account that focused on the intellectual rivalry between Velikovsky's ally Horace Kallen and Harlow Shapley.

A 1926 graduate of Mount Holyoke College, after graduation she went on to Harvard Observatory to work with Annie Jump Cannon and Harlow Shapley on star clusters.

From October 1931 to the end of July 1933, Öpik headed, along with Harlow Shapley and Samuel L. Boothroyd, the Arizona meteor expedition, which detected approximately 22, 000 meteors.

The provisional 2d Raider Regiment disbanded and rejoined into the 1st, with the senior Shapley in command and Puller the executive officer.

In the same year he participated in the Great Debate with Harlow Shapley on the nature of nebulae and galaxies, and the size of the universe.

Along with the Shapley value, stochastic games, the Bondareva-Shapley theorem ( which implies that convex games have non-empty cores ), the Shapley – Shubik power index ( for weighted-or block voting power ), the Gale – Shapley algorithm ( for the stable marriage problem ), the concept of a potential game ( with Dov Monderer ), the Aumann – Shapley pricing, the Harsanyi – Shapley solution, and the Shapley – Folkman lemma & theorem bear his name.

In 1950, Lloyd Shapley invented the board game So Long Sucker, along with Mel Hausner, John Forbes Nash, and Martin Shubik.

Gale's paper with Lloyd Shapley on the stable marriage problem provides the first formal statement and proof of a problem that has far-reaching implications in many matching markets and is currently being applied in New York and Boston public school systems in assigning students to schools.

For a given fuzzy measure g, and, the Shapley index for every is:

In 1993, Washington journalist Deborah Shapley published a 615-page biography of Robert McNamara entitled Promise and Power: the Life and Times of Robert McNamara.

It is a Shapley class c and Trumpler class III 1 r cluster, meaning that it is irregularly shaped and appears loose.

The survey also confirmed earlier theories that the Milky Way galaxy was in fact being pulled towards a much more massive cluster of galaxies near the Shapley Supercluster which lies beyond the Great Attractor.

The first to estimate the distance to the cluster was Harlow Shapley, although his derivation of 33, 000 light years was much further than the modern value.

Equally, he has gained world recognition for his classic study on the stability of the Walrasian price adjustment processes, his fundamental analysis ( with Gerard Debreu ) on the relation between the core and the set of competitive equilibria ( the so-called Edgeworth conjecture, named after the Irish economist, Francis Ysidro Edgeworth, Feb 8, 1845-Feb 13, 1926 ), his remarkable sufficient condition ( i. e., balancedness ) for the existence of a core in non-transferable utility games and general exchange economies, his seminal paper with Lloyd Shapley on housing markets, and his pioneering study on increasing returns and models of production in the presence of indivisibilities.

The Jewel Box Clusters is a Shapley class g and Trumpler class I 3 r cluster ; it is a very rich, centrally-concentrated cluster detached from the surrounding star field.

Omega Centauri is classified as a Shapley class VIII cluster, which means that its center is loosely concentrated.

This idea had been opposed by many in the astronomy establishment of the time, in particular by the Harvard University-based Harlow Shapley.

* Shapley, L. S. ( 1953 ), A Value for n-person Games, In: Contributions to the Theory of Games volume II, H. W. Kuhn and A. W. Tucker ( eds.

* Shapley, L. S. ( 1953 ), Stochastic Games, Proceedings of National Academy of Science Vol.

In 1920 the so-called Great Debate took place between Harlow Shapley and Heber Curtis, concerning the nature of the Milky Way, spiral nebulae, and the dimensions of the Universe.

One of the few globular clusters visible in the Northern Hemisphere winter, it is a Shapley class V cluster, which means that it has an intermediate concentration towards its center.

* 1885 – Harlow Shapley, American astronomer ( d. 1972 )

* 1972 – Harlow Shapley, American astronomer ( b. 1885 )

It has a magnitude of 6. 6 and is a Shapley class VII cluster.

In 1917, the astronomer Harlow Shapley was able to estimate the Sun's distance from the galactic centre based on the distribution of globular clusters ; previously the Sun's location within the Milky Way was by no means well established.

47 Tucanae has a magnitude of 3. 9, meaning that it is visible to the naked eye ; it is a Shapley class III cluster, which means that it has a clearly defined nucleus.

It is a Shapley class III cluster, which means that it has a clearly defined nucleus.

The trial concluded on 3 June 2008, with a conviction and fine of € 15, 000, the largest of her fines to date.

Paul's twin young children, Leto II and Ghanima, sharing his prescience, have concluded that their guardian Alia has succumbed to possession by one of her ancestors and fear that a similar fate awaits them.

In fact, “ Luke perceives himself to be a Jew .” Finally, Rebecca Denova concludes her book with these words: “ Luke-Acts, we may conclude on the basis of a narrative-critical reading, was written by a Jew to persuade other Jews that Jesus of Nazareth was the messiah of Scripture and that the words of the prophets concerning ‘ restoration ’ have been ‘ fulfilled .’” Finally it should be noted that Strelan in 2008 not only concluded that Theophilus was Jewish but also that Luke was a priest.

In 2007, a rheumatoid arthritis patient died from an infection in a gene therapy trial ; a subsequent investigation concluded that the death was not related to her gene therapy treatment.

In 1420, Queen Isabeau of Bavaria concluded the Treaty of Troyes, which granted the succession of the French throne to Henry V and his heirs instead of her son Charles.

" In her memoir An Unquiet Mind, she concluded:

Jenny Craig stopped running the Lewinsky ads in February 2000, concluded her campaign entirely in April 2000, and paid her only $ 300, 000 for her involvement.

Moreover, when the discredited author David Irving lost his English libel case against Deborah Lipstadt, and her publisher, Penguin Books, and thus was publicly identified as a Holocaust denier, the trial judge, Justice Charles Gray, concluded that:

When the treaty was concluded, the younger sister of as-Salih came to Saladin and requested the return of the Fortress of A ' zaz ; he complied and escorted her back to the gates of Aleppo with numerous presents.

Although some historians have noted that the evidence can also support other possible fathers, most have concluded that Jefferson had a long relationship with Hemings and fathered one or more of her children.

After the tour concluded, Nicks left the group over a dispute with Mick Fleetwood, who would not allow her to release the 1977 track " Silver Springs " on her album Timespace – The Best of Stevie Nicks, because of his plans to release it on a forthcoming Fleetwood Mac box set.

After five years of studying various religions, according to his own statements, Hensley concluded that the proper religion may differ for each man, and everyone is entitled to choose his or her own religion.

Despite her extensive research, she concluded " it is

" Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times praised Tate as " a wonder to behold ", but after describing the dialogue in one scene as " the most offensive and appalling vulgarity ever thrown up by any civilization ", concluded that, " I will be unable to take her any more seriously as a sex symbol than Raquel Welch.

Isabella concluded that the pair must have been carrying on an illicit affair, and appears to have informed her father of this during her next visit to France in 1314.

When peace was concluded with Denmark, the anti-Swedish coalition had already fallen apart, and Denmark was not in a military position to negotiate a return of her former eastern provinces across the sound.

The dignitaries who led the investigation concluded that there was " no foundation " to the rumours, but Caroline's access to her daughter was restricted.

During her regency, a diplomatic incident with Portugal ( where a British ship had been seized on the Tagus ) was defused, and the negotiation of the Treaty of Seville between Britain and Spain was concluded.

The researchers concluded that there was genetic material being passed down on the X chromosome which both promotes fertility in the mother and homosexuality in her male offspring.

Before the trial concluded, Meinhof was found hanged in her cell in 1976.

However before the trial was concluded, Meinhof was found hanged by a rope, fashioned from a towel, in her cell in the Stammheim Prison on 9 May 1976.