Category: Shi ' a Muslims

In 1885, at the age of eight, he succeeded his father as Imam of the Shi ' a Isma ' ili Muslims.

Category: Iraqi Shi ' a Muslims

As for the foremost one in the matter of Islam and faith, it was Ali ibn Abi Talib '" Other Sunnis and all Shi ' a Muslims maintain that the second person to publicly accept Muhammed as the messenger of God was Ali ibn Abi Talib, the first being Muhammad's wife Khadija.

Sunni and Shi ' a Muslims differ on the legitimacy of the reigns of the Khulfa-e-Rashideen, the first four Caliphs.

Daim al-Islam is a book on the rulings of Islam followed by Ismaili Muslims who adhere to the Shi ' a Ismaili Fatimid fiqh.

For example, Sunni Muslims would favor a Sunni fatwā whereas Shiite would follow a Shi ' a one.

Shi ' a Muslims do not use the six major hadith collections followed by the Sunni.

Environment-current issues: government water control projects have drained most of the inhabited marsh areas east of An Nasiriyah by drying up or diverting the feeder streams and rivers ; a once sizable population of Shi ' a Muslims, who have inhabited these areas for thousands of years, has been displaced ; furthermore, the destruction of the natural habitat poses serious threats to the area's wildlife populations ; inadequate supplies of potable water ; development of Tigris-Euphrates Rivers system contingent upon agreements with upstream riparian Turkey ; air and water pollution ; soil degradation ( salination ) and erosion ; and desertification.

The majority of the kingdom's inhabitants were native Christians, especially Greek and Syrian Orthodox, as well as Sunni and Shi ' a Muslims.

Drafted by a treaty and a bill of sale, and constituted between 1820 and 1858, the Princely State of Kashmir and Jammu ( as it was first called ) combined disparate regions, religions, and ethnicities: to the east, Ladakh was ethnically and culturally Tibetan and its inhabitants practised Buddhism ; to the south, Jammu had a mixed population of Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs ; in the heavily populated central Kashmir valley, the population was overwhelmingly Sunni Muslim, however, there was also a small but influential Hindu minority, the Kashmiri brahmins or pandits ; to the northeast, sparsely populated Baltistan had a population ethnically related to Ladakh, but which practised Shi ' a Islam ; to the north, also sparsely populated, Gilgit Agency, was an area of diverse, mostly Shi ' a groups ; and, to the west, Punch was Muslim, but of different ethnicity than the Kashmir valley.

The mountainous territory of Mount Lebanon has long been a shelter for minority and persecuted groups, including its historic Maronite Christian majority along with Druze, and local Shi ' a Muslims.

Consequently, the demographics of Lebanon were profoundly altered, as the territory added contained people who were predominantly Muslim or Druze: Lebanese Christians, of which the Maronites were the largest subgrouping, now constituted barely more than 50 % of the population, while Sunni Muslims in Lebanon saw their numbers increase eightfold, Shi ' ite Muslims fourfold.

Syria's population is 71 % Sunni Muslim ( includes most Arabs and Kurds, and 16 % other Muslim groups ( including 11. 0 % Alawi, Shi ' a Muslims ( 1. 1 % Imami / Twelvers and 1. 0 % Ismailis / Seveners ), 3. 2 % Druze, 1. 3 % Nusairism, 0. 7 Alevism ( all Turkomans ), Yezidism 0. 2 %) and 10 % Christian, with a Syrian Jewish community of a few dozen.

Shi ' a Muslims do not use the six major hadith collections followed by the Sunni.

In the aftermath of the fighting, social and ethnic unrest among Shi ' ite Muslims, Kurds, and dissident military units threatened the stability of Saddam's government.

The Asian community, including Hindus, Sikhs, Shi ' a and Sunni Muslims, Parsis and Goans, has declined by 50 % in the past decade to 50, 000 on the mainland and 4, 000 on Zanzibar.

Shi ' a Muslims believe it to be the dawn of 17th of the month of Rabi '- ul-Awwal, corresponding to April 27, 571.

In modern Shi ` ah Islam, scholars play a more prominent role in the daily lives of Muslims than in Sunni Islam ; and there is a hierarchy of higher titles of scholastic authority, such as Ayatollah.

Shi ' a Muslims believe that when the world becomes oppressed, the Imam Mahdi ( also termed the Qa ' im ) will come out of occultation and restore true religion on Earth before the cataclysmic end of the world and judgement day.

Muslims claim that it is the tomb of a Shi ' ite Muslim, Sheikh Abbad, considered a founder of the Shi ' ite movement in Lebanon who lived around 500 years ago.

Shi ' as however, believe that the real grave of Ali is found within Imam Ali Mosque in Najaf, Iraq, as was disclosed by the Sixth Twelver Shi ' a Imam, Ja ' far as-Sadiq.

Unlike Akhbari Twelver Shi ' a, Usuli Twelver Shi ' a scholars do not believe that everything in the four major books is authentic.

The Shi ' ite believe that the return of the Mahdi ( Messiah ) will herald in " the messianic age of justice " and the Messiah will end plunder, torture, oppression and discrimination.

Nonetheless, Shi ' as claim that they are falsely accused of this, as they believe, like Sunnis, that the Qur ' an has never been changed and it is with reference from sunni hadeeth books that this inference is drawn not only by uninformed shias but sunnis too.

Some believe that traces of Shi ' ism can be dated back to Ilkhanate period.

The Shi ' a school of thought believe that Muhammad had clearly indicated that Ali was his appointed infallible ruler of Muslim nation regardless of shura, a recommendation that was ignored by the first three caliphs.

Shi ' a do not stress the role of shura in choosing leaders, but believe that the divine vice-regent is chosen by God, or Allah, from the lineage of Muhammad ( Ahl al-Bayt ).

* There are some scholars who believe this character may be originated from the first disciple of Xuan Zang, Shi Banto.

* Shi ' a Muslims believe that the imaamate ( leadership ) was the right of Ali, and the rule of the first three Rashidun caliphs ( Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, Umar bin al-Khattab, and Uthman ibn Affan ) was unlawful.

Sunnis believe that it is allowed to deny faith under compulsion, threat, or fear of injury, as long as the heart remains firm in faith, but they also greatly disagree with some of the Shi ' a points of view.

Shi ' ites believe that Muhammad had said: To whomsoever I am Mawla, ‘ Alī is his Mawla '.

Another small sect is the Shi ’ a Zaidi also known as the Fivers and which does not believe in The Occultation.

Sunnis and other Shi ' ites believe that the Mahdi has not yet been born, and therefore his exact identity is only known to Allah.

The Sunnis believe Abu Bakr was elected as Muhammad's successor while the Shi ' a ( literally " party Ali ") believe Muhammad appointed Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor.

Shia Muslims believe that he converted to Shi ' ism and abdicated, by saying that he could " smell the blood of Ahl ul-Bayt " from the throne.

Al-Yawar adamantly affirmed that " Saddam did not believe in any religion or sect – his injustices were inflicted on Sunnis, Shi ' is, Kurds and all other national groups and sects.

Shi ' a Muslims believe that Muhammad had settled the question before his death, by indicating that he wanted Fatima's husband Ali as his successor-since the practice of naming a successor was a tradition from all of the previous prophets.

Some Shi ' a believe that Fatima was buried in the Jannat al-Baqi cemetery, in Medina, and that her grave there is now marked.

Others believe that she might have been buried in other locations in Medina and that Shi ' a should pray at all three locations to be sure of honoring her grave.

* 1930 – Ali al-Sistani, Iranian Shi ' a cleric

The Sunnis follow the Caliphates of all four, while the Shi ' ites recognize only the Caliphate of Ali and the short Caliphate of his son Hasan.

* Ali ibn Abi Talib ( 600 – 661 ), cousin of Muhammad, fourth caliph of Islam, first Shi ' a Imam

* Zayd ibn Ali, Fifth Zaidi Shia Imam, ( in a Shi ' ite revolt in Kufa )

* Husain ibn ' Ali, Shi ' i religious leader and grandson of the prophet of Islam, enters martyrdom.

The sanctuary of Bibi Shahr-Banu situated in modern Tehran spur and accessible only to women is associated with the memory of the daughter of Yazdagird who, according to tradition, became the wife of al-Husayn b. Ali, the third Shi ' ite Imam.

Currently there are five grand ayatollahs in Najaf, Iraq, center of the Iraqi Shi ' i seminaries or Hawzas ; the most senior is Ali al-Sistani.

The leaders included monarchist Sharif Ali bin al-Hussein that called for the return of a Constitutional Monarchy for Iraq, moderate Shi ' ite Muslim cleric Muhammad Bahr al-Ulum ; ex-Iraqi general Hasan Naqib ; and Masud Barzani.

* Fatima bint Asad, Muhammad's aunt, the mother of first Shi ’ a Imam Ali bin Abu Talib, and the mother-in-law of Muhammad's daughter, Fatima Zahra

In later years, the followers of Ali ( Shi ' a Ali ) as the ruler of Muslims became one school of thought and the sunni's followes of ( Abue Baker ) became the Sunni school of thought.

While the vast majority of Samarra's native citizens are Sunnis and the Sunnis do not share the same religious practices that the Ja ' farī Madhhab Shi ' a of Iraq do, they consider these to be the grave sites of their forefathers and the pillars of Islam (' Ali al-Hadi and Hasan al-Askari ).

According to Shi ' a doctrine, this was a clear violation of the treaty he made with Hasan ibn Ali, in which Muawiyah said he would not make his son his successor.

However, mainstream Sunni Muslims while refusing to adopt the negative Shi ' a sentiment towards Muawiyah nevertheless quietly withhold according him religious status owing to his rebellions against Ali and al-Hasan, who are regarded as pious rulers.

According to Shi ' a view, Muawiyah opposed Ali, out of sheer greed for power and wealth.

Shrine of the 10th and 11th Twelver Imamah ( Shi ' a doctrine ) | Shī ‘ ah Imām s: Ali al-Naqi | ‘ Alī an-Naqī and Hasan al-Askari | Hasan al -‘ Askarī

The Shi ’ a accordingly include the third phrase “ Ali-un-Wali-ul-lah ” (" Ali is God ’ s appointed Wali ”) in their kalimah.