Since the 1st century AD Rome has been the seat of the Papacy and, after the end of Byzantine domination, in the 8th century it became the capital of the Papal States, which lasted until 1870.

Since 1870, the main University campus has been located on Gilmorehill in the West End of the city.

Since 1723 ( but especially after 1870 ) Utrecht became the centre of the non-Roman Old Catholic Churches in the world.

Since the unification of Italy in 1870 and the end of monarchy in Germany in 1918, there have no longer been any reigning dukes in Europe ; Luxembourg is ruled by a grand duke, a higher title, just below king.

Since 1870, the Governor has resided in the Government House, a Georgian mansion adjacent to the Maryland State House.

Since 1870, the City of Florala, through Florala ’ s Fidelity Masonic Lodge # 685, ( beginning with Chapel Hill and Lake City Lodge # 377 ), and Chapter # 441 of the Order of the Eastern Star, has served as the home of the World ’ s Oldest Consecutive Annual Masonic Day Celebration.

Since 1870, Scottsville has been the victim of twenty-one floods ( defined as water levels of twenty feet or more above the average low water level ).

Forces of Labor: Workers ' Movements and Globalization Since 1870.

Since 1870 the glamorous white-walled Hotel du Cap on the French Riviera has been one of the most storied and luxurious resorts in the world.

Since 1870, Zmaj has pursued his profession as a physician.

Since Block Island has no natural harbors, breakwaters were constructed to form Old Harbor in 1870.

Since 1870 they have been prefixed with an abbreviation of ' command ' which has changed over time to allow for new sequences.

Since then various names were adopted for the school, such as " École royale militaire " ( 1814 – 1830 ), Collège royal militaire ( 1831 – 1848 ), Collège national militaire ( 1848 – 1853 ), Prytanée impérial militaire ( 1853 – 1870 ), Prytanée militaire and Prytanée national militaire ( since 1870 ).

Since the end of the 1870 Franco-Prussian War the town was no longer considered important strategically and military installations were not developed.

Since no one who served in the 1870 convention writing the current constitution was still alive by this point, many things had to be decided, such as what rules the convention would function under temporarily until its was organized and adopted its own permanent rules, how a chair was to be elected, and other administrative matters.

Since the government had announced plans to terminate Freedmen's bureau operations in Kentucky, Runkle and his caretaker staff presided over bureau school closings and the dispersal of the remaining funds, which were completed in the summer of 1870, although the veterans ' claim offices remained open through June 1872.

Since 1786 the territory was officially called the Don Host Lands (), renamed Don Host Province in 1870.

Since it was founded in 1870, the Port Adelaide Football Club, in its various forms, has won a record 36 SANFL premierships and finished as runner-up in the SANFL grand final 35 times, finishing runners-up in the AFL Grand Final and winning their first AFL Grand Final in 2004, making it the most successful football club in the AFL.

" pp. 482 – 497 in The Economic Development of Germany Since 1870.

Since the French Revolution, the building has been the scene of a number of historical events, notably the proclamation of the French Third Republic in 1870 and the famous speech by Charles de Gaulle on 25 August 1944 during the Liberation of Paris when he greeted the crowd from a front window.

Since annexing ( rather than incorporating ) the banlieues of major French cities during the Second Empire period ( Lyon in 1852, Lille in 1858, Paris in 1860, Bordeaux in 1865 ), the French communities have in effect extended their boundaries very little beyond their delimitations, and have not followed the development of the urban unit existing prior to 1870 as well as almost all large and mid-sized cities in France having a banlieue develop a Couronne pėriurbaine ( in English: near-urban ring ).

* The Emergence of Industrial America: Strategic Factors in American Economic Growth Since 1870 ( Albany: State University of New York Press, 1982 ) ISBN 0-87395-578-1 ( hard cover ), ISBN 0-87395-579-X ( paperback )

Since 1870, Kappa has continued to expand and has chartered 160 chapters, 138 of which are active today.

Since the Catholic Church expresses such desire that the Sacred Scriptures be read, the following taken from the Holy Bible ( New Catholic Edition ) will prove a means of grace and a source of great spiritual blessing.

Since the time of Catherine II the ranks of Abbot and Archimandrite have been given as honorary titles in the Russian Church, and may be given to any monastic, even if he does not in fact serve as the superior of a monastery.

Since John Wesley ordained and sent forth every Methodist preacher in his day, who preached and baptized and ordained, and since every Methodist preacher who has ever been ordained as a Methodist was ordained in this direct " succession " from Wesley, then the Methodist Church teaches that it has all the direct merits coming from apostolic succession, if any such there be.

Since the English Reformation, the Church of England has been more explicitly a state church and the choice is legally that of the British crown ; today it is made in the name of the Sovereign by the Prime Minister, from a shortlist of two selected by an ad hoc committee called the Crown Nominations Commission.

Since the break the Church of England, an established national church, still considers itself part of the broader Western Catholic tradition as well as being the " mother church " of the worldwide Anglican Communion.

Since 1972, the Roman Catholic Church uses the name " Anointing of the Sick " both in the English translations issued by the Holy See of its official documents in Latin and in the English official documents of Episcopal conferences.

Since the 2002 edition, the Apostles ' Creed is included in the Roman Missal with the indication, " Instead of the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed, especially during Lent and Easter time, the baptismal Symbol of the Roman Church, known as the Apostles ’ Creed, may be used.

Since Pope Leo XIII issued the bull Apostolicae Curae in 1896, the Catholic Church has insisted that Anglican orders are invalid because of changes in the Anglican ordination rites of the 16th century and divergence in understanding of the theology of priesthood, episcopacy and Eucharist.

Since the implementation of concordats between the ELCA and the Episcopal Church of the United States and the ELCIC and the Anglican Church of Canada, all bishops, including the Presiding Bishop ( ELCA ) or the National Bishop ( ELCIC ), have been consecrated using the historic succession, with at least one Anglican bishop serving as co-consecrator.

Since the Oxford Movement there has also been a modest flourishing of Benedictine monasticism in the Anglican Church and Protestant Churches.

Since the Church of England is a state church, a further step, sending the proposed revision to Parliament in the form of a " Deposited Book ", was required.

Since the English Reformation, only Saint Charles Stuart has been canonized in the Church of England and the Anglican Communion.

Since the Christianization of Ethiopia in the 4th century, the Church of Ethiopia has come under the dominion of the Church of Alexandria.

Since the adoption of The Design of the Christian Church ( Disciples of Christ ), in 1968, Disciples have celebrated a sense of unity in reading the preamble to the Design publicly.

Since there was no longer the countervailing power of the papacy and since the Church of England was a creature of the state and had become subservient to it, this meant that there was nothing to regulate the powers of the king, and he became an absolute power.

Since 1582, when the Catholic Church adopted the Gregorian calendar while the Eastern Orthodox and most Oriental Orthodox Churches retained the Julian calendar, the date on which Easter is celebrated has again differed.

Since the earliest days of the Church, the authorship has been debated.

Since 1830 The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has identified the Book of Mormon as the " record of the stick of Ephraim " () while the stick of Judah is identified with the Bible.

Since at least the 1960s, when Marc Bloch's Feudal Society ( 1939 ) was first translated into English in 1961, many medieval historians have included a broader social aspect that includes not only the nobility but all three estates of the realm, adding the peasantry bonds of manorialism and the estates of the Church ; this is sometimes referred to as " feudal society " since it encompasses all members of society into the feudal system.

Since the Bulgarians were not satisfied with the positions of the Pope after prolonged negotiations, they reached favorable agreement with the Byzantines and the decision was taken that the Bulgarian Church should become Eastern Orthodox.

Since Rome is the preeminent episcopal see of the Church, it contains the central government of the church, including various agencies essential to administration.

Since the Church did not make either of these laws, she cannot be their arbiter — only their guardian and interpreter.

Since the Council of Orange II against semi-pelagianism, the Catholic Church has taught that even had man never sinned in the Garden of Eden and was sinless, he would still require God's grace to remain sinless.