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Page "Biotechnology" ¶ 93
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Since and patents
Since the A.L.A.M. holdings embraced only about twenty-five per cent of motor vehicle patents, the denial of rights to independent companies did not retard technical progress in unlicensed sectors of the industry.
Since the 1890s, Thomas Edison owned most of the major American patents relating to motion picture cameras.
Since 1902, Edison had also been notifying distributors and exhibitors that if they did not use Edison machines and films exclusively, they would be subject to litigation for supporting filmmaking that infringed Edison's patents.
Since a paper describing the algorithm had been published in August 1977, prior to the December 1977 filing date of the patent application, regulations in much of the rest of the world precluded patents elsewhere and only the US patent was granted.
Since that time, patents on various well-known arithmetic coding techniques have also expired.
Since Intel's patents were from 1978, that paper would prove prior art and imply that the patents never should have been granted at all.
Since then, von Hagens has applied for further US patents regarding work on preserving biological tissues with polymers.
Since Vail shared a one-eighth interest in Morse's telegraph patents with his brother George, Vail realized far less financial gain from his work on the telegraph than Morse and others.
Since there were no patents issued for either design and both camps have accounts backing up their claims, it may never be decided.
Since May 2010, the patents US5155805, US5159668 and US5325479 have expired worldwide and thus FreeType has its bytecode interpreter enabled by default.
Since May 2010, the last of all conflicting software patents expired, allowing FreeType's TrueType font hinter to be used in free software.
Since that time, the private company Bigelow Aerospace has purchased the rights to the patents developed by NASA and is pursuing a similar scheme for a private space station design.
Since the 1980s, the US Patent Office has granted patents on plants, including plant varieties this provides a second way of protecting plant varieties in the USA.
Since Philips did and still does own a substantial patent-portfolio, product management was not allowed to risk signing away rights on a substantial number of important patents.
Since both it and SDL are free software under the LGPL, it uses the MPEG-1 standard as a video display library, rather than MPEG-2, since only the MPEG-1 standard is unencumbered with software patents in the United States.
Since then, many more earlier patents and publications have been found which teach some or all of the different aspects of the invention.
Since late 1990s, triclabendazole became available as a generic drug, as patents expired in many countries.
Since the patents affected the marketing of TEL, General Motors and ESSO formed Ethyl Corp ; each parent company had a 50 % stake in the new corporation.
Since the discovery of the ampakine mode of action as one of the means by which the racetams produce their nootropic effects, a wide range of more selective ampakine drugs have been developed by Cortex Pharmaceuticals, who hold patents covering most medical uses of this class of drugs.
Since 1978 and the entry into force of the European Patent Convention, the European Patent Office also issues patents effective in Germany, as part of a European patent's " bundle " of national patents.
Since the original patents relating to the soundfield mic expired, other companies have started to manufacture soundfield mics.
Since its development by the courts in the late 19th century, the patent exhaustion doctrine has raised questions regarding the scope of exclusive rights granted by patents and the extent to which a patent owner may extend those rights to control downstream use and sales of patented articles.

Since and regulation
Since there was no federal regulation in the USA concerning safety and effectiveness of drugs until the 1906 Food and Drugs Act and various medicine salesmen or manufacturers seldom had enough skills in analytical chemistry to analyze the contents of snake oil, it became the archetype of hoax.
Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, environmental regulation is largely unchanged in Turkmenistan.
Since the time of the first Norman invaders from England, Ireland has been subject to control and regulation, firstly by England then latterly by Great Britain.
Since this is a rather new law so far, no further explanatory regulation regarding a detailed amount and applicable scope is promulgated guiding the application of this rule, so a court judge may have discretional power to decide punitive damages case by case under this new law.
Since the regulation of vascularization in the mature retina involves a balance between endogenous positive growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) and inhibitors of angiogenesis, such as pigment epithelium-derived factor ( PEDF ), rAAV-mediated expression of PEDF, angiostatin, and the soluble VEGF receptor sFlt-1, which are all antiangiogenic proteins, have been shown to reduce aberrant vessel formation in animal models.
Since the states and territories are responsible for most public delivery and all regulation of providers, a central concept of the system is " national recognition " whereby the assessments and awards of any one registered training organisation must be recognised by all others and the decisions of any state or territory training authority must be recognised by the other states and territories.
Since the regulation of iron metabolism is still poorly understood, a clear model of how haemochromatosis operates is still not available.
Since there was no New Jersey State regulation for the disposal, this became a landmark case.
Since the passage of this act, the horses and burros have been managed under federal law and Bureau regulation.
Since 1997 the Labour governments of Tony Blair and Gordon Brown developed a programme of better regulation.
Since it has a low price, and good regulation, cross-flow turbines are mostly used in mini and micro hydropower units of less than two thousand kW and with heads less than 200 m.
Since then, miRNA research has revealed multiple roles in negative regulation ( transcript degradation and sequestering, translational suppression ) and possible involvement in positive regulation ( transcriptional and translational activation ).
Since then, a step-by-step process of industry reform has led to the separation of the monopoly elements from the contestable elements to create competitive markets in energy generation and electricity retailing, while imposing regulation on the natural monopolies of transmission and distribution.
Since mid 2009 there is also an € 0. 11 ( excluding tax ) maximum price for SMS text message included into this regulation.
Since self talk is a form of self regulation, parents or instructors could use this technique to help focus a young student's inner dialog towards a process goal instead of an outcome based goal.
Since the DOL has followed public notice procedure, and since there was gap left in the legislation, the DOL's regulation stands and home health care workers are not covered by either minimum wage or overtime pay requirements.
Since moment-to-moment blood pressure regulation is carried out by the sympathetic nervous system ( via the baroreceptor reflex ), calcium channel blockers allow blood pressure to be maintained more effectively than do beta blockers.
Since PKAs are present in a variety of cells and act on different substrates, PKA and cAMP regulation are involved in many different pathways.
Since there is no regulation on the rapid deforestation occurring in the Solomon Islands, limited export to recognized institutions may be needed to aid this species in genetic diversity for its survival via ex situ breeding programs.
Since Scottish Government regulation passed in 2004 mandating bus drivers to take a break every two hours, the town has become a major coach stop, as it is almost exactly two hours away from Glasgow.
Since stomata are important in water regulation, potassium reduces water loss from the leaves and increases drought tolerance.
Since then, the franking of congressional mail has been subject to ongoing review and regulation.

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