Since the EGR system recirculates a portion of exhaust gases, over time the valve can become clogged with carbon deposits that prevent it from operating properly.

Since most of the new designs incorporate some type of flame arrestor screen, they require monitoring to make sure they don't become clogged with lint or dust, reducing the availability of air for combustion.

Since the completion of the initial portion of the interstate highway system, regulations were changed, and portions of toll facilities have been added to the system.

Since 1937, the federal Civil Aeronautics Board ( CAB ) had regulated all domestic interstate air transport routes as a public utility, setting fares, routes, and schedules.

Since the 1940s, maps of the federal interstate highway system depicted that highway taking a northern route, with no interstate highway running through Lynchburg, but the federal government assured Virginia that the highway's route would be decided by the state.

Since the latter half of the Rehnquist Court era, Congressional use of the Commerce Clause has become slightly restricted again, being limited only to matters of trade ( whether interstate or not ) and production ( whether commercial or not ).

Since 1937, in applying the factual test in Jones & Laughlin to hold a broad range of activities sufficiently related to interstate commerce, the Supreme Court has exercised little independent judgment, choosing instead to defer to the expressed or implied findings of Congress to the effect that regulated activities have the requisite " economic effect ".

Justice Rehnquist echoed this point in his opinion in United States v. Lopez, stating: Since ( Wickard ), the Court has ... undertaken to decide whether a rational basis existed for concluding that a regulated activity sufficiently affected interstate commerce.

Since its decision in Gibbons, the Supreme Court has held that Congress may regulate only those activities within a state that arise out of or are connected with a commercial transaction and that, viewed in the aggregate, substantially affect interstate commerce.

Since the late 1980s, capital improvements have been undertaken, including a renovated and expanded terminal, a new parking garage ( completed in 2003 ), the lengthening of the runways, and better interstate access.

including control of foreign affairs, taxation ( although this cannot discriminate between states or parts of states ), and regulation of interstate commerce and corporations. Section 51 of the Australian Constitution at theamericanParliament website Since the original ratification of the constitution, the High Court of Australia has settled a number of disputes concerning the extent of the Commonwealth's legislative powers, some of which have been controversial and extensively criticised ; these included a dispute in 1982 over whether the Commonwealth was entitled to designate land for national heritage purposes under United Nations agreements, Barwick, Sir Garfield, A View of the External Affairs Power, Samuel Griffith Society as well as numerous disputes over the extent of the Commonwealth's power over trade union and industrial relations legislation. Creighton, Breen, One Hundred Years of the Conciliation and Arbitration Power: A Province Lost ?, Melbourne University Law Review

Since 2003, the NSW interstate and Hunter Valley rail corridors, and the dedicated metropolitan freight lines to the Sydney ports have been under the control of the Australian Rail Track Corporation, and it also maintains other rural branch lines under contract to Rail Corporation New South Wales.

Since it never entered commerce at all, much less interstate commerce, he argued that it was not a proper subject of federal regulation under the Commerce Clause.

Since interstate travelers were paying most of the tolls that was then being spent on other projects, toll removal became a local political issue that the General Assembly eventually decided to approximately coincide with the opening of the parallel Interstate 295.

Since its population of zero in the 1980s Robina has experienced a strong growth to a population of over 30, 000 people, largely due to interstate migration.

Since its initial construction, I-229 had the distinction of being the only interstate in the country that transitioned directly from a four-lane concrete road to a two-lane gravel road.

Since the Internet is considered a form of interstate commerce under United States Code, the FBI recommended that Baker be charged with these crimes.

Since that time, truckload carriers have taken advantage of the interstate system to transport merchandise across the country.

Since the car was designed for the muddy, slow, unpaved Japanese roads, it failed the mass urban landscape of the US because of its inability to keep up with traffic on the faster interstate highways.

Since Liberia's economy was almost completely dependent on export revenues, this sudden evaporation of customs revenues forced Liberia to postpone payment on the $ 1. 7 million loan, and led President Daniel E. Howard to seek a $ 5 million loan from the Woodrow Wilson Administration.

Since then, there have been many great names in samba, such as Ismael Silva, Cartola, Ary Barroso, Noel Rosa, Ataulfo Alves, Wilson Batista, Geraldo Pereira, Zé Kéti, Candeia, Ciro Monteiro, Nelson Cavaquinho, Elton Medeiros, Paulinho da Viola, Martinho da Vila, and many others.

Since the late 1980s, numerous instrument makers, including Eric Jensen, Francois Danger, Jan Goorissen, and Jonathan Wilson, have experimented with the design and construction of electric viols.

Since Wilson, the State of the Union is given typically each January before a joint session of the United States Congress and is held in the House of Representatives chamber of the United States Capitol.

Since then, he has toured for the first time in decades with a new band and released acclaimed albums, including a reworked version of SMiLE in 2004, for which Wilson won a Grammy Award for " Mrs. O ' Leary's Cow ( Fire )" as Best Rock Instrumental.

Since 1975, when Wade W. Wilson became mayor due to many write-in votes, Dillsboro has made a successful effort to restore many older buildings in the town to their original appearance.

Since the discovery of the Cosmic microwave background radiation ( CMB ) by Penzias and Robert Wilson in 1965, most cosmologists concluded that observations were best explained by the big bang model.

" Since leaving the CIA, as a speaker, she has used the name " Valerie Plame Wilson ," and she is referred to by that name in the civil suit that the Wilsons brought against former and current government officials, Plame v. Cheney.

Since 1988, Dr. Wilson has been a faculty member at The Ohio State University.

Since her retirement from the state legislature Wilson has worked as a lobbyist.

Since retiring from government service in 1998, Wilson has managed " JC Wilson International Ventures Corp., an international business development and management company.

Since the Isle of Man was not part of the Kingdom of England, the Act of Uniformity 1662 passed at the English Restoration did not apply to it, so Bishop Thomas Wilson was free to introduce worship in the Manx language during his episcopate ( 1697 – 1755 ), and resolve issues of clergy discipline that the Isle of Man's unique status had led to.

Since Mark's departure, Feeder have employed drummer Karl Brazil, although for sessions and touring commitments for Renegades ( 2010 ) they employed Australian Damon Wilson and former Mexicolas drummer Tim Trotter.

Since the first festival in 1995, some of the most notable artists who have played the festival include Primal Scream, Paul Weller, Depeche Mode, Beck, Radiohead, Kraftwerk, The Stone Roses, Brian Wilson, Blur, Lou Reed, Oasis, Placebo, The Chemical Brothers, Franz Ferdinand, The Killers, Morrissey, Sigur Rós, Ride and The Strokes.

Since then Wilson, with producer Esther Gordon ( for among others Brad Pitt, Mikhail Baryshnikov, Robert Downey, Jr., Winona Ryder, Juliette Binoche, Isabelle Huppert, Deeta von Teese, and Peter Sarsgaard ) and later with Matthew Shattuck, has produced dozens of high-definition videos known as the Voom Portraits.

Since Sam had invested in the Holiday Inn Hotel chain earlier, he also recorded artist starting in 1963 on the label Holiday Inn Records for Kemmons Wilson.

Since 1963, the college functions under the Management of John Wilson Education Society.

* Since Henry Louis Gates, Jr's work in 1982, Harriet Wilson has been recognized as the first African American to publish a novel in the United States.

Since there were no schools in the area, Rawls ’ mother taught Wilson and his sisters how to read and write.

Since then, all mayors have been Democrats, including Ted Wilson and Palmer DePaulis ( Corradini's two predecessors ), Rocky Anderson ( her successor ) and Ralph Becker, the current mayor.

Since then Wilson now resides in Colorado and cites his personal religious practices as well as pressure from a major label as to why he left the band.

of the ideal lover Since its inception, the concept of “ love maps ”, applied to interpersonal relationships, has found apt acceptance and is frequently referenced in love / relationship / sexual-evolution theory books ; as for example in Wilson and McLaughlin ’ s 2001 The Science of Love.

Since opening, artists that have appeared on NJPAC's stages include the Boston Symphony Orchestra ; Yo-Yo Ma, Paul Simon, Bob Dylan, Diana Krall, Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater, Chicago Symphony Orchestra, Twyla Tharp Dance, Dance Theatre of Harlem, Israel Philharmonic, Nancy Wilson and Ramsey Lewis, Royal Danish Ballet, Hilary Hahn, Bill T. Jones, Itzhak Perlman, Sting, Les Ballets Trockadero de Monte Carlo, Elvis Costello, the National Song & Dance Company of Mozambique, the Afro-Cuban All-Stars, Audra McDonald, the Buena Vista Social Club, The Chieftains, Dulce Pontes, Alice Coltrane, Salt-N-Pepa, Gilberto Santa Rosa, Jerry Seinfeld, Kevin Hart, Christine Ebersole, Jennifer Hudson, Herbie Hancock, Sweet Honey in the Rock, Garrison Keillor, Maurizio Pollini, Gewandhaus Orchestra, Balé Folclorico da Bahia, Peter, Paul & Mary, Savion Glover, Aspen Santa Fe Ballet, Art Garfunkel, Kodo Drummers, Kirov Orchestra, Martha Graham Dance, Johnny Mathis, New Edition, Angelique Kidjo, Renee Fleming, and Evgeny Kissin.