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Slipher and first
In 1912 Vesto Slipher measured the first Doppler shift of a " spiral nebula " ( spiral nebula is the obsolete term for spiral galaxies ), and soon discovered that almost all such nebulae were receding from Earth.
The existence of other galaxies and red shift was actually first discovered by the American astronomer Vesto Slipher.
In 1913, when Vesto Slipher registered his spectroscopy study of the sky, the Crab nebula was again one of the first objects to be studied.

Slipher and on
* 1922 — Vesto Slipher summarizes his findings on the spiral nebulae's systematic redshifts
* The crater Slipher on the Moon is named after Earl and Vesto Slipher, as is the crater Slipher on Mars and the asteroid 1766 Slipher, discovered September 7, 1962, by the Indiana Asteroid Program.
* The Royal Observatory, Edinburgh: History, Papers & External Links on V. M. Slipher
The crater Slipher on the Moon is named after Earl and Vesto Slipher, as is asteroid 1766 Slipher, discovered September 7, 1962, by the Indiana Asteroid Program.
Slipher is a lunar impact crater that is located in the northern latitudes on the far side of the Moon.
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Slipher.

Slipher and Lowell
In 1929 the observatory's director, Vesto Melvin Slipher, summarily handed the job of locating the planet to Clyde Tombaugh, a 22-year-old Kansas farm boy who had only just arrived at the Lowell Observatory after Slipher had been impressed by a sample of his astronomical drawings.
His brother Earl C. Slipher was also an astronomer and a director at the Lowell Observatory.
Edwin Hubble was generally incorrectly credited with discovering the redshift of galaxies ; these measurements and their significance were understood before 1917 by James Edward Keeler ( Lick & Allegheny ), Vesto Melvin Slipher ( Lowell ), and William Wallace Campbell ( Lick ) at other observatories.
* Library of Lowell Observatory: Biography of V. M. Slipher

Slipher and .
This allowed him to estimate distances to galaxies whose redshifts had already been measured, mostly by Slipher.
In the 1910s, Vesto Slipher ( and later Carl Wilhelm Wirtz ) interpreted the red shift of spiral nebulae as a Doppler shift that indicated they were receding from Earth.
Using the data collected by Vesto Slipher and his ( Hubble's ) assistant Milton Humason ( a former mule-driver and janitor ), Hubble and Humason found a direct relationship between a galaxy's distance and its relative speed away from the solar system.
Hubble supported the Doppler shift interpretation of the observed redshift that had been proposed earlier by Vesto Slipher, and that led to the theory of the metric expansion of space.
In 1912, Vesto Slipher made spectrographic studies of the brightest spiral nebulae to determine if they were made from chemicals that would be expected in a planetary system.
However, Slipher discovered that the spiral nebulae had high red shifts, indicating that they were moving away at rate higher than the Milky Way's escape velocity.
A third category was added in 1912 when Vesto Slipher showed that the spectrum of the nebula that surrounded the star Merope matched the spectra of the Pleiades open cluster.
Slipher and Edwin Hubble continued to collect the spectra from many diffuse nebulae, finding 29 that showed emission spectra and 33 had the continuous spectra of star light.
Upon confirmation, Tombaugh walked into Slipher's office and declared, " Doctor Slipher, I have found your Planet X.
Beginning with observations in 1912, Vesto Slipher discovered that most spiral nebulae had considerable redshifts.
" Slipher reported the velocities for 15 spiral nebulae spread across the entire celestial sphere, all but three having observable " positive " ( that is recessional ) velocities.
Slipher and Earl C. Slipher, astronomers
As already Vesto Slipher in 1912, Wirtz in 1918 observed a systematic redshift of nebulae, which was difficult to interpret in terms of a cosmological model in which the Universe is filled more or less uniformly with stars and nebulae.
Slipher was born in Mulberry, Indiana, and completed his doctorate at Indiana University in 1909.
Slipher died in Flagstaff, Arizona and is buried there in Citizens Cemetery.

first and reports
But all the reports of this first embassy show that the two Savoyards were the heads of it, for they were the only ones who were empowered to swear for the king that he would abide by the pope's decision and who were allowed to appoint deputies in the event that one was unavoidably absent.
The Secretary of the Interior or any duly authorized representative shall be entitled to admission to, and to require reports from the operator of, any metal or nonmetallic mine which is in a State ( excluding any coal or lignite mine ), the products of which regularly enter commerce or the operations of which substantially affect commerce, for the purpose of gathering data and information necessary for the study authorized in the first section of this Act.
With the first reports, Russell's horse wheeled to the right and ran towards the buildings while Cook, followed by a hail of bullets, raced towards the arroyo of Salyer's Canyon immediately in front of him, just reaching it as his horse fell.
The first incident occurred before the trial got under way when Judge H. Hobart Grooms told the jury panel he had heard reports of jury-tampering efforts.
Indeed, from the moment the reports of the coming issue first started circulating in Dallas last January, the inquiries and demand for the stock started building up.
By convention in some law reports, the appellant is named first.
In the 16th century, Christian missionaries from Spain and Portugal first encountered indigenous peoples using ayahuasca in South America ; their earliest reports described it as the work of the devil.
Australian football has attracted more overall interest among Australians ( as measured by the Sweeney Sports report ) than any other football code, and, when compared with all sports throughout the nation, has consistently ranked first in the winter reports, and most recently third behind cricket and swimming in summer.
Haggai reports that three weeks after his first prophecy, the rebuilding of the Temple began on September 7 521 BCE.
Rumours of a battle first appeared in the French press as early as 7 August, although credible reports did not arrive until 26 August, and even these claimed that Nelson was dead and Bonaparte a British prisoner.
For foreign news, first a " generic minute " is recorded, then reports are to World Service radio, then the reporter talks to any other programmes that are on air.
Mexican Americans were not identified as a racial / ethnic category prior to the 1980 US Census, when the term " Hispanic " was first used in census reports.
During the era after the war, later called the Pax Mongolica, adventurous Westerners such as Marco Polo travelled all the way to China and brought the first reports of its wonders to Europe.
Cutler reports the first newspaper appearance was in 1835, and by then the term was apparently familiar.
His first reports included vivid descriptions of violent demonstrations against the Union.
* 1952 – The New York Daily News reports the news of Christine Jorgenson, the first notable case of sexual reassignment surgery.
One of the first scandals to hit the new Scottish Parliament occurred when allegations that the lobbying arm of public relations company Beattie Media had privileged access to ministers were published, prompting Dewar to ask the standards committee to investigate the reports.
A prominent example of false document in the videogame genre is the Resident Evil series, which, from the first installment, uses newspaper clippings and television news reports that report the alleged cannibalistic murder of the victims found in the Arklay Mountain region.
His first biographer Jack Bracelin reports that this was a watershed in Gardner's life, and that a previous academic interest in spiritualism and life after death thereafter became a matter of firm personal belief for him.
The first historic name for the city was, according to Claudius Ptolemy's reports, Treva.
The disease has become significantly more common since the first reports of feline hyperthyroidism in the 1970s.
There are early representations and reports of ice hockey-type games being played on ice in the Netherlands, and reports from Canada from the beginning of the nineteenth century, but the modern game was initially organized by students at McGill University, Montreal in 1875 who, by two years later, codified the first set of ice hockey rules and organized the first teams.

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