Although born from the same history of Unix, Internet free software, and the hacker culture as the free software movement launched by Richard Stallman and his Free Software Foundation, the Open Source Initiative was formed and chose the term open source, in Michael Tiemann's words, to " dump the moralizing and confrontational attitude that had been associated with ' free software ' in the past and sell the idea strictly on the same pragmatic, business-case grounds that had motivated Netscape.

Stallman relates his struggles with proprietary software vendors at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Lab, leading to his departure to focus on the development of free software, and the GNU project.

Unlike Common Lisp, Scheme existed at the time Stallman was rewriting Gosling Emacs into GNU Emacs, but he chose not to use it because of its comparatively poor performance on workstations, and he wanted to develop a dialect which he thought would be more easily optimized.

Although drawing on traditions and philosophies among members of the 1970s hacker culture, Richard Stallman formally founded the movement in 1983 by launching the GNU Project.

For advocating Microsoft technologies, de Icaza was criticized by Richard Stallman on the Software Freedom Day 2009 as " Traitor to the Free Software Community ".

Icaza responded on his blog to Stallman with the remark that he believes in a " world of possiblity " and that he is open for discussions on ways to improve the FOSS pool.

According to Stallman, " We disagree with the open source camp on the basic goals and values, but their views and ours lead in many cases to the same practical behavior — such as developing free software.

When Richard Stallman and the GNU team were implementing POSIX for the GNU operating system, they objected to this on the grounds that most people think in terms of 1024 byte ( or 1 KiB ) blocks.

At that point, Symbolics began using their own copy of the software, located on their company servers — while Stallman says that Symbolics did that to prevent its Lisp improvements from flowing to Lisp Machines, Inc. From that base, Symbolics made extensive improvements to every part of the software, and continued to deliver almost all the source code to their customers ( including MIT ).

Richard Stallman criticized this act due to the restrictions that it would place in the immediate and long-term future on free software, dubbing the bill the " Consume But Don't Try Programming Act.

* Richard Stallman on Biopiracy

This criticism probably focuses unduly on the personality and ideology of Richard Stallman, who has nonetheless sought to solicit donors for such schemes.

is a free software, mass collaboration project, announced on 27 September 1983, by Richard Stallman at MIT.

Although provoking a vehement reaction in the software community, and causing Richard Stallman to form the League for Programming Freedom, the expected landmark ruling never happened, as most of the issues were resolved based on a license that Apple had granted Microsoft for Windows 1. 0.

* Transcript of a November 18, 2005 talk by Richard Stallman on this directive

** 9882 Stallman ( 1994 SS9 ), a main-belt asteroid discovered on 1994, named after Richard Stallman

In continuing to speak on the subject, in 2010, Stallman stated that naming is not simply a matter of giving equal mention to the GNU Project.

Richard Stallman showing his support of Wikipedia by giving a speech on Copyright and Community at Wikimania ( 2005 )

He also argues for the creation of shorter renewable periods of copyright and a limitation on derivative rights, such as limiting a publisher's ability to stop the publication of copies of an author's book on the internet for non-commercial purposes or create a compulsory licensing scheme to ensure that creators obtain direct royalties for their works based upon their usage statistics and some kind of taxation scheme such as suggested by professor William Fisher of Harvard Law School that is similar to a longstanding proposal of Richard Stallman.

In a note posted on the Free Software Foundation's news website in June 2009, Richard Stallman warned that he believes " Microsoft is probably planning to force all free C # implementations underground some day using software patents " and recommended that developers avoid taking what he described as the " gratuitous risk " associated with " depend on the free C # implementations ", including Portable. NET.

In his afterword he suggests that free software pioneer Richard Stallman and the Free Software Foundation model of making content available is not against the capitalist approach that has allowed such corporate models as Westlaw and LexisNexis to have subscribers to pay for materials that are essentially in the public domain but with underlying licenses like those created by his organization Creative Commons.

Richard Stallman chose Lisp as the extension language for his rewrite of Emacs ( the original used TECO as its extension language ) because of its powerful features, including the ability to treat functions as data.

The free software movement was conceived in 1983 by Richard Stallman to satisfy the need for and to give the benefit of software freedom to computer users.

Stallman said that this is where people get the misconception of " free ": there is no wrong in programmers ' requesting payment for a proposed project.

Stallman defends that in some cases, monetary incentive is not necessary for motivation since the pleasure in expressing creativity is a reward in itself ( such as music and art ).

The GNU Manifesto was written by Richard Stallman and published in March 1985 in Dr. Dobb's Journal of Software Tools as an explanation and definition of the goals of the GNU Project, and to call for participation and support.

Despite an optimistic announcement by Stallman in 2002 predicting a release of GNU / Hurd later that year, the Hurd is still not considered suitable for production environments.

People primarily known for their contributions to the consciousness of the programmer subculture of hackers include Richard Stallman, the founder of the free software movement and the GNU project, president of the Free Software Foundation and author of the famous Emacs text editor as well as the GNU Compiler Collection ( GCC ), and Eric S. Raymond, one of the founders of the Open Source Initiative and writer of the famous text The Cathedral and the Bazaar and many other essays, maintainer of the Jargon File ( which was previously maintained by Guy L. Steele, Jr .).

* Richard Stallman: Programmer and political activist who is well known for GNU, Emacs and the Free Software Movement

In 2001, he shared the Takeda Award for Social / Economic Well-Being with Richard Stallman and Ken Sakamura.

The four freedoms that must be guaranteed by free content are adapted from the four freedoms Richard Stallman called for in software.

Richard Stallman suggested the name POSIX in response to an IEEE request for a memorable name.

However, as a result of a decision by Richard Stallman motivated by copyright concerns, these quotes have been erased for GNU Emacs 22.

Richard Stallman claims that the University of Washington threatened to sue the Free Software Foundation for distributing the modified Pine program, resulting in the development of MANA ceasing and no versions being released.

This led Richard Stallman, founder of the Free Software Foundation, to found the League for Programming Freedom ( LPF ) and hold protests outside Lotus Development offices.

League for Programming Freedom ( LPF ) was founded in 1989 by Richard Stallman to unite free software developers as well as developers of proprietary software to fight against software patents and the extension of the scope of copyright.

* Goldberg, RoseLee and Stallman, Nick, " Conversations .. with RoseLee Goldberg ', New York Foundation for the Arts, 2005

The Open Content License, dated July 14, 1998, predates the GNU Free Documentation License ( GFDL ) and other non-software public licenses, though discussions were held between David A. Wiley, creator of the Open Content License, and Richard Stallman, leader of the Free Software Foundation, who created the GNU General Public License for software and would create the GFDL.

In the GNU Manifesto, Stallman listed four freedoms essential to software development: freedom to run a program for any purpose, freedom to study the mechanics of the program and modify it, freedom to redistribute copies, and freedom to improve and change modified versions for public use.

To ensure code remained free and provide it to the public, Stallman created the General Public License ( GPL ), which allowed software and the future generations of code derived from it to remain free for public use.

Stallman founded the Free Software Foundation in 1985 to provide the organizational structure to advance his free software ideas.

According to Stallman, " The only thing in the software field that is worse than an unauthorised copy of a proprietary program, is an authorised copy of the proprietary program because this does the same harm to its whole community of users, and in addition, usually the developer, the perpetrator of this evil, profits from it.

The Free Software Definition, written by Richard Stallman and published by Free Software Foundation ( FSF ), defines free software as a matter of liberty, not price.

The concept of libre works arose with Richard Stallman ’ s description of free software in 1985 and was codified in the 1986 free software definition.

* 1953 – Richard Stallman, American free software activist and computer programmer

** Richard Stallman, American free software proponent

Such controversy has led opponents of trusted computing, such as free software activist Richard Stallman, to refer to it instead as treacherous computing, even to the point where some scholarly articles have begun to place scare quotes around " trusted computing ".

World Wide Web Consortium founder Tim Berners-Lee and free software movement founder Richard Stallman also have offices within.

This project is one of the older parts of the GNU package of software, having started in 1984, the author having collaborated with Richard Stallman, pre-GNU.