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Stimulated emission depletion is a simple example of how higher resolution surpassing the diffraction limit is possible, but it has major limitations.
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Stimulated and emission
Stimulated emission was first observed in the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum, giving rise to the acronym MASER for Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.
* Stimulated emission
Stimulated emission was a theoretical discovery by Einstein within the framework of quantum mechanics, wherein the emission is described in terms of photons that are the quanta of the EM field.
Stimulated emission can also be described classically however, without reference to either photons, or the quantum-mechanics of matter.
Stimulated emission can be modelled mathematically by considering an atom that may be in one of two electronic energy states, a lower level state ( possibly the ground state ) ( 1 ) and an excited state ( 2 ), with energies E < sub > 1 </ sub > and E < sub > 2 </ sub > respectively.
* Stimulated emission
# Stimulated electron emission observations
* Stimulated emission, used in:
* Stimulated emission
* Madey, John, " Stimulated emission of bremsstrahlung in a periodic magnetic field ".
* Madey, John, Stimulated emission of radiation in periodically deflected electron beam, US Patent 38 22 410, 1974
Stimulated emission ( also known as induced emission ) is the process by which an electron is induced to jump from a higher energy level to a lower one by the presence of electromagnetic radiation at ( or near ) the frequency of the transition.
Stimulated emission is one of the fundamental processes that led to the development of the laser.
# REDIRECT Stimulated emission
Stimulated and is
Historically, the word " maser " is derived from the original upper-case acronym MASER, which stands for " Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation ".
Stimulated by the increase in Federal funding in the period after the Second World War, and even more by the increased public involvement of scientists in the 1960s, the APS is active in public and governmental affairs, and in the international physics community.
Stimulated Brillouin scattering is one effect by which optical phase conjugation can take place.
A laser ( from the acronym of Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation ) is an optical source that emits photons in a coherent beam.
In the future it is hoped that super-resolution microscopy such as Stimulated Emission Depletion ( STED ) or various forms of structured illumination microscopy may overcome the problems imposed by the diffraction limit.
Labs facility in Bludhaven is later attacked by Crazy Quilt when he comes to steal the Stimulated Emission Light Amplifier.
Stimulated by recent findings that the Amur tiger is the closest relative of the Caspian tiger, discussions started if the Amur tiger could be an appropriate subspecies for reintroduction into a safe place in Central Asia.
Gaser is an acronym as laser or maser from Gamma Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation ; also sometimes rendered " graser " by using " gamma ray " instead of just " gamma " in the acronym.
An atomic coherence is essential in research on several effects, such as electromagnetically induced transparency ( EIT ), lasing without inversion ( LWI ), enhanced dispersion without absorption, Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage ( STIRAP ) and nonlinear optical interaction with enhanced efficiency.
* Electron Stimulated Desorption ( ESD ) is noted by peaks observed at 12, 16, 19 and 35 u rather than by electron-impact ionization of gaseous species, with the effects similar to outgassing effects.
Stimulated and major
Stimulated by wars and through cautious economic planning, Japan emerged from World War I as a major industrial nation.
Stimulated and .
Stimulated by their discussions with Wilkins and what Watson learned by attending a talk given by Franklin about her work on DNA, Crick and Watson produced and showed off an erroneous first model of DNA.
The term " laser " originated as an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.
Stimulated by the interest taken in his work von Guericke was scientifically very active in the decade after 1654.
Stimulated by a severe epidemic, variolation was first employed in North America in 1721.
Stimulated by gradually increasing amounts of estrogen in the follicular phase, discharges of blood ( menses ) slow then stop, and the lining of the uterus thickens.
Stimulated by this success, Father Gonzalez and two companions journeyed to Uruguay and established two or three small missions in 1627.
Stimulated by the economic boom in nearby Findlay, in 1885 Lima businessman Benjamin C. Faurot drilled for natural gas at his paper mill.
Examples include laser ( 1960 ) from Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation, robotics ( 1941 ), agitprop ( 1930 ), searchency ( 2010 ).
Whipple continued to publicise her discoveries, including a 9 min video made in 1981 Orgasmic Expulsions of Fluid in the Sexually Stimulated Female.
Stimulated by contact with India and the Middle East, the empire saw a flowering of creativity in many fields.
* R. Y. Chiao, C. H. Townes and B. P. Stoicheff, " Stimulated Brillouin scattering and coherent generation of intense hypersonic waves ," Phys.
emission and depletion
Examples include Vertico SMI, near field scanning optical microscopy which uses evanescent waves, and stimulated emission depletion.
These measurements provided crucial data bearing on the problem of ozone depletion by man-made nitric oxide emission.
emission and is
The observed intensity of the radio emission of Venus is much higher than the expected thermal intensity, although the spectrum indicated by measurements at wave lengths near 3 cm and 10 cm is like that of a black body at about 600-degrees.
For the case of Jupiter, the radio emission spectrum is definitely not like the spectrum of a black-body radiator, and it seems very likely that the radiation reaching the earth is a combination of thermal radiation from the atmosphere and non-thermal components.
No attempts to measure the radio emission of the remaining planets have been reported, and, because of their distances, small diameters, or low temperatures, the thermal radiation at radio wave lengths reaching the earth from these sources is expected to be of very low intensity.
and that the maximum of the radio emission came about 3-1/2 days after Full Moon, which is again in contrast to the infrared emission, which reaches its maximum at Full Moon.
The infrared emission could then be assumed to originate at the surface of the moon, while the radio emission originates at some depth beneath the surface, where the temperature variation due to solar radiation is reduced in amplitude and shifted in phase.
This is much smaller than the highest resolution of even the very large reflectors now under construction, and consequently the radio emission of different regions of the disk cannot be resolved.
Other than this very significant result, most of the information now available about the radio emission of the planets is restricted to the intensity of the radiation.
The radio radiation of the sun which is reflected from the moon and planets should be negligible compared with their thermal emission at centimeter wave lengths, except possibly at times of exceptional outbursts of solar radio noise.
The constant-temperature contours are much smoother than those observed at 4.3 mm by Coates ( 1959 ) and apparently the emission at 8 mm is not nearly so sensitive to differences in surface features.
The variation in the 3-cm emission of the moon during a lunation is very much less than the variation in the 8.6-mm emission, as would be expected from the explanation of Piddington and Minnett ( 1949 ).
It is obvious that the careful choice of photocathode which maximizes Af for a given input E ( in the case of the second stage, for the first phosphor screen emission ) is very important.
( The P-20 input is of interest because it corresponds roughly to the light emission of conventional X-ray fluorescent screens ).
In the subsurface environment, it is also produced through neutron capture by or alpha emission by calcium.
The second longest-lived isotope of astatine, astatine-211, is the only one currently having any commercial application, being employed in medicine to diagnose and treat some diseases via its emission of alpha particles ( helium-4 nuclei ).
Even touching an alpha source is usually not harmful, though many alpha sources also are accompanied by beta-emitting radio daughters, and alpha emission is also accompanied by gamma photon emission.
( b ) illustrates the same process using spectroscopic notation,. The Auger effect () is a physical phenomenon in which the filling of an inner-shell vacancy of an atom is accompanied by the emission of an electron from the same atom.
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