Other Streptococcus species may also possess the Group A antigen, but human infections by non-S. pyogenes GAS strains ( some S. dysgalactiae subsp.

However, the tree constructed by the living tree project, a collaboration between ARB-Silva and LPSN where a 16S ( and 23S if available ) tree of all validated species was constructed, the genus Bacillus contains a very large number of nested taxa and majorly in both 16S and 23S it is paraphyletic to Lactobacillales ( Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Listeria, etc.

* Streptokinase produced by the bacterium Streptococcus and modified by genetic engineering is used as a clot buster for removing clots from the blood vessels of patients who have undergone myocardial infarctions leading to heart attack.

If the infection is of bacterial origin, the most common three causative agents are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis.

Streptococcus is a genus of spherical Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the phylum Firmicutes and the lactic acid bacteria group.

S. pyogenes, also known as Group A Streptococcus ( GAS ), is the causative agent in Group A streptococcal infections, including streptococcal pharyngitis (" strep throat "), acute rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, acute glomerulonephritis and necrotizing fasciitis.

Group A Streptococcus infection is generally diagnosed with a Rapid Strep Test or by culture.

For example, Streptococcus faecalis is now Enterococcus faecalis.

Streptococcus canis is an example of a GGS which is typically found on animals, but can cause infection in humans.

Dental plaque is the material that adheres to the teeth and consists of bacterial cells ( mainly Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis ), salivary polymers and bacterial extracellular products.

* Group B Streptococcus screen – will receive IV penicillin or ampicillin ( it is much cheaper and has a wider coverage ) if positive ( if mother is allergic, alternative therapies include IV clindamycin or IV vancomycin )

The Group A β-hemolytic streptococcus ( Streptococcus pyogenes, or GAS ) is a form of β-hemolytic Streptococcus bacteria responsible for many common infections including " strep throat " and skin infections.

Streptococcus mutans is the most important bacterium associated with dental caries.

It is widely claimed that a common type of bacteria, Streptococcus mitis, accidentally contaminated the Surveyor's camera prior to launch, and that bacteria survived dormant in the harsh lunar environment for two and one-half years, supposedly then to be detected when Apollo 12 brought the Surveyor's camera back to the Earth.

Meningitis is most commonly caused by infections with various pathogens, examples of which are Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.

Streptococcus pyogenes is a spherical, Gram-positive bacterium that is the cause of group A streptococcal infections.

Scarlet fever is a disease caused by erythrogenic toxin ( a bacterial exotoxin ) released by Streptococcus pyogenes.

The disease itself is caused by secretion of pyrogenic exotoxins by the infecting Streptococcus.

Rarely Lemierre's syndrome is caused by other ( usually Gram-negative ) bacteria, which include Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides melaninogenicus, Peptostreptococcus spp., Streptococcus microaerophile, Staphylococcus aureus, and Eikenella corrodens.

The most common bacterial pathogen is Streptococcus pneumoniae.

In the medical setting, the most important groups are the alpha-hemolytic streptococci S. pneumoniae and Streptococcus Viridans-group, and the beta-hemolytic streptococci of Lancefield groups A and B ( also known as “ Group A strep ” and “ Group B strep ”).

They are also known as Streptococcus anginosus ( according to the Lancefield classification system ) or as members of the S. milleri group ( according to the European system ).

Most cases of erysipelas are due to Streptococcus pyogenes ( also known as beta-hemolytic group A streptococci ), although non-group A streptococci can also be the causative agent.

Beta-hemolytic, non-group A streptococci include Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as group B strep or GBS.

* WFS can also be caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae infections, a common bacterial pathogen typically associated with meningitis in the adult and elderly population.

S. pyogenes typically produces large zones of beta-hemolysis ( the complete disruption of erythrocytes and the release of hemoglobin ) when cultured on blood agar plates, and are therefore also called Group A ( beta-hemolytic ) Streptococcus ( abbreviated GABHS ).

In general, occult pneumonia is rather often present in patients with pneumonia and can also be caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, as the decrease of occult pneumonia after vaccination of children with a pneumococcal vaccine suggests.

Viridans streptococci can be differentiated from Streptococcus pneumoniae using an optochin test, as Viridans streptococci are optochin resistant ; they also lack either the polysaccharide-based capsule typical of S. pneumoniae or the Lancefield antigens of the pyogenic members of the genus.

NIAID also was instrumental in the development and licensure of acellular pertussis vaccines, conjugate vaccines for Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b or Hib, and a preventive therapy for respiratory syncytial virus or RSV ( Synagis ).

IL-6 also plays a role in fighting infection, as IL-6 has been shown in mice to be required for resistance against bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae.

* Streptococcus intermedius has also been described as microaerophilic.

Streptococcus suis has also been identified as the most common cause of meningitis in Vietnam.

Another important species, Protophormia terraenovae, is also notable for its feeding secretions, which combat infection by Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Lantibiotics are produced by a large number of Gram-positive bacteria such as Streptococcus and Streptomyces to attack other Gram-positive bacteria, and as such, they are considered a member of the bacteriocins.

To date, STSS has only been documented in patients infected with S. pyogenes, another member of the Streptococcus family but very different from S. suis.

He died on May 16, 1990, of organ failure resulting from a Group A streptococcal infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.

Azithromycin has been used to treat strep throat ( Group A streptococcal ( GAS ) infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes ) in penicillin-sensitive patients, however macrolide-resistant strains of GAS are not uncommon.

The Drug-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Working Group recommends fluoroquinolones be used for the ambulatory treatment of community-acquired pneumonia only after other antibiotic classes have been tried and failed, or in those with demonstrated drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae.

In the UK, only 1 % of maternity units test for the presence of Group B Streptococcus.

The remaining nonenterococcal Group D strains include Streptococcus bovis and Streptococcus equinus.

There are many other types of Streptococcus including Group B Streptococcus and Streptococcus pneumoniae which cause other types of infections and should not be confused with Group A Strep.

(* Note that menigitis, sinusitis and pneumonia can all be caused by Group A Strep, but are much more commonly associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae and should not be confused.