Edmund revolted against his father, and in 1015 Sweyn's son Cnut invaded.

Sweyn murdered his cousin Beorn and went again into exile, and Edward's nephew, Ralph was given Beorn's earldom, but the following year Sweyn's father was able to secure his reinstatement.

Adam of Bremen's claim regarding Otto I and Harald appears to have been inspired by an attempt to manufacture a historical reason for the archbishops of Hamburg-Bremen to claim jurisdiction over Denmark ( and thus the rest of Scandinavia ); in the 1070s, the Danish King was in Rome asking for Denmark to have its own arch-bishop, and Adam's account of Harald's supposed conversion ( and baptism of both him and his " little son " Sweyn, with Otto serving as Sweyn's godfather ) is followed by the unambiguous claim that " At that time Denmark on this side of the sea, which is called Jutland by the inhabitants, was divided into three dioceses and subjected to the bishopric of Hamburg.

Having heard of Sweyn's defeat by Magnus, Harald met up with his fellow exile in Sweden ( who was also his nephew ), as well as with the Swedish king Anund Jacob, and the three joined forces against Magnus.

Sweyn's flotilla caught up with the Norwegians and Harald ordered his men to throw out the captured goods, thinking the Danes would stop to get the goods.

Harald relinquished his claims to Denmark in 1064, in exchange for Sweyn's recognition of Harald as Harald III of Norway, and Harald sailed off to England to try to enforce his claim on the crown of England.

Son of king Sweyn II Estridsson, Harald took part in Sweyn's 1069 raid of England alongside his uncle Jarl Asbjørn and his brother Canute, the later king Canute IV the Saint.

Ealdred helped Sweyn not only because Ealdred was a supporter of Earl Godwin's family but because Sweyn's earldom was close to his bishopric.

Æthelred died in April 1016, and he was succeeded by Edward's older half brother Edmund Ironside, who carried on the fight against Sweyn's son, Cnut.

In 1049 he returned to try to regain his earldom, but this was said to have been opposed by Harold and Beorn, probably because they had been given Sweyn's land in his absence.

The red area was under direct Danish control, with Sweyn's ruling it as a Danish extension.

The conflict was resolved by Sweyn's marriage with Olaf's mother and the two kings were thereafter allies.

Sweyn's connection to the Danish line of succession was his mother Estrid Svendsdatter, and he took the matronymic surname Estridsson after her, emphasizing his link to the Danish royalty.

Sweyn's first marriage was to Gyda of Sweden, daughter of king Anund Jacob of Sweden.

He is first noted as a member of Sweyn's 1069 raid of England, and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle reports that Canute was one of the leaders of another raid against England in 1075.

According to Hervarar saga, Sweyn's rule was not to last.

He allegedly continued Sweyn's politic of seeking a Danish Archbishopric with the Pope, but was not successful.

However, Æthelred's son Edmund II Ironside died shortly afterwards, allowing Canute, Sweyn's son, to become king of England.

In 1013 Æthelred sent Emma and her children to her brother in Normandy to escape Sweyn's invasion, and soon followed himself, but they were able to return when Sweyn died in February 1014.

Following Sweyn's seizure of the throne in 1013, Emma fled to Normandy, followed by Edward and Alfred, and then by Æthelred.

Edward's nephew, Earl Ralph, who had been one of his chief supporters in the crisis of 1051 – 52, may have received Sweyn's marcher earldom of Hereford at this time.

On the northern edges of the relatively recent Holy Roman Empire, with its roots in Charlemagne's conquests about two hundred years prior to Sweyn's time, Sweyn Forkbeard had coins made with an image in his likeness.

Many details about Sweyn's life are contested.

Conflicting accounts of Sweyn's later life also appear in the Encomium Emmae Reginae, an 11th-century Latin encomium in honour of his son king Cnut's queen Emma, of Normandy, along with Chronicon ex chronicis by Florence of Worcester, another 11th-century author.

Some historians, such as Lauritz Weibull, have argued that Sweyn's wife described in the sagas – Swedish dowager queen Sigrid the Haughty – is purely fictional, whereas others have accepted her existence on the evidence of the Norse sagas.

It is referred to in the Domesday Book as Suindune, believed to be derived from the Anglo-Saxon words " swine " and " dun " meaning pig hill or possibly, Sweyn's hill, where Sweyn would be the local landlord.

Leofric may have gone into exile either in 1013 when Sweyn Forkbeard, the king of Denmark invaded England or in 1016, when Sweyn's son Cnut became king of England.

" asked one of Sweyn's men.

* 1991 – Harald V becomes King of Norway on the death of his father, Olav V.

The Heimskringla tells that her father Finn had been an adviser to Harald Hardraade and, after falling out with Harald, was then made an Earl by Sweyn Estridsson, King of Denmark, which may have been another recommendation for the match.

** Harald V of Norway becomes king on the death of his father, Olav V.

* January 21 – Harald V formally takes the throne as King of Norway, succeeding his father, Olav V of Norway.

On his father Harald Bluetooth's death in late 986 or early 987, he became King of Denmark ; in 1000, with allegiance of the Trondejarl, Eric of Lade, he was ruler over most of Norway.

" King Harald bade these memorials to be made after Gorm, his father, and Thyra, his mother.

In Heimskringla it is claimed that Harald succeeded, on the death of his father Halfdan the Black Gudrödarson, to the sovereignty of several small, and somewhat scattered kingdoms in Vestfold, which had come into his father's hands through conquest and inheritance.

Eirik I ruled side-by-side with his father when Harald was 80 years old.

Harald I of Norway | Haraldur the Fair-haired receives the kingdom of Norway from his father

Haakon Sigurdsson had become the Jarl of Lade after his own father was killed by Harald Greycloak's men in 961.

The Icelandic sources, in particular Snorri Sturluson's Heimskringla, state that Sigurd, like Olaf's father, was a great-grandson of King Harald Fairhair in the male line.

However, most modern scholars believe that the ancestors attributed to Harald Hardrada's father, along with other parts of the Fairhair genealogy, are inventions reflecting the political and social expectations of the time of the authors ( around two centuries after Harald Hardrada's lifetime ) rather than historical reality.

Strikingly, Eric's historical obscurity stands in sharp contrast to the wealth of legendary depictions in the kings ' sagas, where he takes part in the sagas of his father Harald Fairhair and his younger brother Haakon the Good.

In the 19th century, a case had also been made for Harald Bluetooth King of Denmark ( d. 983 ) as being Eric's true father.

: This article is about the ninth-century king of Vestfold and father of Harald I of Norway.

He belonged to the House of Yngling and was the father of Harald Fairhair, the first king of Norway.

Ragnhild died shortly after her father, and the young king Harald fell sick and died the next spring.

Through Ingibiorg's father Finn Arnesson and his wife, the family was related to the Norwegian Kings Olav II and Harald II.

* Christian Bohr ( 1855 – 1911 ), Danish physician and physiologist, father of Harald and of Niels Bohr

The saga reports that Harald Hårfagre ( 872 – 930 ) was but ten years old when he succeeded his father ( Halfdan the Black ).

* Halvdan Svarte Gudrødsson, Viking king, father of the first King of Norway Harald I and founder of the House of Yngling

One of the sons of Dag the Great according to Hversu Noregr Byggðist was Óli, who was the father of Dag, the father of Óleif the father of Hring ( the old king Ring of Frithiof's Saga ), the father of Olaf, the father of Helgi, the father of Sigurd Hjort, the father of Ragnhild, who was the mother of Harald Fairhair.