When Henry went to Gąsawa in 1227 to meet his Piast cousins, he narrowly saved his life, while High Duke Leszek I the White was killed by the men of the Pomerelian Duke Swietopelk II, instigated by Władysław Odonic.

On 23 November 1227, on the occasion of an assembly of Piast dukes in Gąsawa, Leszek was killed in an ambush set by Swietopelk II and Władysław, while Henry was severely wounded.

In 1216 or 1217 Swietopelk was made a steward over Pomerelia or Eastern Pomerania by Leszek the White of Kraków.

After governing since 1220 for 46 years, Swietopelk died in 1266, with his sons Mestwin II and Wratislaw II inheriting his lands.

The Griffin dukes lost the area to the Samborides during the following years, and the next surviving documents mentioning the area concern donations made by Samboride Swietopelk II, dating to 1236 ( two documents ) and 1240.

Mestwin II was the son of Swietopelk II and the Přemyslid dynasty princess Eufrozyna.

Swietopelk II, also Zwantepolc II or Swantopolk II, ( 1190 / 1200 – 11 January 1266 ), sometimes known as the Great (; Kashubian: Swiãtopôłk II Wiôldżi ), was Duke of Pomerelia-Gdańsk from 1215 until his death.

The duke is known under many spellings ( Swantepolk, Swantipolk, Svatopluk, Swietopelk, Swatopolk, Sviatopolk, Światopełek, Świętopełk ), of which Domin ( us ) Zwantepolc ( us ) D ( ux ) Danceke and Svantopelc Ducis Pomeranie were used on seals.

In 1218, Swietopelk took advantage a revolt of local knights against Danish rule to acquire Słupsk and Sławno.

After his brother Warcislaw died without heirs, Swietopelk took over his Lubiszewo Tczewskie.

In 1238 Swietopelk conquered the Duchy of Sławno, whose territories connected Pomerania to Gdańsk, Nakło, and Bydgoszcz.

The alliance between the pagan Prussians and the Christian Swietopelk against a religious order supported by the pope was unexpected.

Swietopelk was previously known as a supporter of the Roman Catholic Church and Christian causes.

Swietopelk had to return lands seized from his brothers, allow Teutonic Knights to pass through his domains, stop charging tolls on ships using the Vistula, and stop any aid to the Prussians.

On 24 November 1227, during a diet of the Polish Piast dukes at Gąsawa, he was assassinated, probably on orders from Duke Swietopelk II of Pomerelia.

Swietopelk upon Leszek's death declared himself independent from Polish vassalship.

He suffered many wrongs at the hands of Swietopelk, prince of Pomerania, and had many quarrels with Kazimierz, prince of Łęczyca and Kujawy, when he laid upon him the censure of the church ; many estates went to the Kujawy church, both bought by him and bestowed by various lords.

At that time, he also made an alliance with Duke Władysław of Opole, who promised to help Henry IV with the condition that his daughter ( perhaps called Constance ), who had recently married Henry IV, was crowned with him as Polish queen if he would obtain the royal investiture.

Władysław promised to repay Vytautas for his support by restoring Samogitia to Lithuania in any future peace treaty.

As well as this, Henry II also inherited from his father the disputes with Konrad of Masovia and Władysław Odonic and with the Church, led by Pełka, Archbishop of Gniezno, who claimed the benefits promised by Henry I the Bearded.

Władysław promised not to sign any pacts against the Hapsburgs, and to transfer his rights to Swedish throne in case of his line extinction ; in return, Hapsburgs promised to support his efforts to regain the Swedish crown, and to transfer to him some territory in case of gains in a war against the Ottomans.

During talks with the Sigismund's son, prince Władysław IV Waza, on his voyage to Silesia in mid-1619, Emperor Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor promised to allow a temporary occupation of part of Silesia by the Poles, with the possibility of incorporating those areas into Poland at a later date.

Żółkiewski found himself in an awkward position – he had promised the boyars Prince Władysław to keep the Russian throne for Poland, and he knew that they would not accept King Sigismund III, who was unpopular throughout Russia.

Once King David was established, he told the prophet Nathan that he would like to build a permanent temple, and as a reward for his actions, God promised David that he would allow his son, Solomon, to build the first permanent temple and the throne would never depart from his children.

Travelling mostly across Western Europe, he promised several backers as well as four Roman Catholic Popes that he would make Christianity the state religion of the Ottoman sultanate if he ever succeeded to the Imperial throne.

Otho had owed his own success to the resentment felt by the Praetorian guards and the rest of the army at Galba's refusal to pay the promised gold to the ones who supported his accession to the throne.

But he was a prophet and knew that God had promised him on oath that he would place one of his descendants on his throne.

Stephen announced the Treaty of Winchester in Winchester Cathedral: he recognised Henry FitzEmpress as his adopted son and successor, in return for Henry doing homage to him ; Stephen promised to listen to Henry's advice, but retained all his royal powers ; Stephen's remaining son, William, would do homage to Henry and renounce his claim to the throne, in exchange for promises of the security of his lands ; key royal castles would be held on Henry's behalf by guarantors whilst Stephen would have access to Henry's castles ; and the numerous foreign mercenaries would be demobilised and sent home.

In exchange for Russian support, he agreed to give up any remaining Polish claims to Livonia, and promised to Anna of Russia her choice of successor to the Duchy of Courland, a Polish fief ( of which she had been duchess prior to her ascension to the Russian throne ) which would have otherwise come under direct Polish rule on the death of the current duke, Ferdinand Kettler, who had no heirs.

To the Austrian emperor he promised recognition of the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713, a document designed to guarantee inheritance of the Austrian throne to Maria Theresa, Charles ' oldest child.

William argued that Edward had previously promised the throne to him, and that Harold had sworn to support William's claim.

According to his account, shortly before the Battle of Hastings, Harold sent William an envoy who admitted that Edward had promised the throne to William but argued that this was overridden by his deathbed promise to Harold.

In return, Otto II appointed Charles as Duke and promised to support him in claiming the French throne.

Some sources say that Edward had verbally promised the throne to his cousin, William, the Duke of Normandy, but decided on his deathbed to give it to Harold.

Francis Stephen remained at the imperial court until 1729, when he ascended the throne of Lorraine, but was not formally promised Maria Theresa's hand until 31 January 1736, during the War of the Polish Succession.

Another reason for the expedition was the fact that Svatopluk, who owed Bolesław III his throne, did not honor his accord in which he promised to return Silesian cities seized from Poland ( Raciborz, Kamieniec, Kozle among others ) by his predecessors.

Duke William claimed that he had been promised the throne by King Edward and that Harold had sworn agreement to this.

By the terms of the marriage contract, Margaret retained her rights to the English throne, and her dowry was promised to Burgundy even if she died within the first year ( often, the dowry would return to the bride's family under such circumstances ).

While it was raging, one of his companions reached out to Justinian saying that if he promised God that he would be magnanimous, and not seek revenge on his enemies when he was returned to the throne, they would all be spared.

John received the promised subsidy ( March 1339 ) and agreed in June to betroth John's second daughter, Margaret, to Edward, the Black Prince, heir to the English throne.

Stephen announced the Treaty of Winchester in Winchester Cathedral: he recognised Henry FitzEmpress as his adopted son and successor, in return for Henry doing homage to him ; Stephen promised to listen to Henry's advice, but retained all his royal powers ; Stephen's remaining son, William, would do homage to Henry and renounce his claim to the throne, in exchange for promises of the security of his lands ; key royal castles would be held on Henry's behalf by guarantors whilst Stephen would have access to Henry's castles ; and the numerous foreign mercenaries would be demobilised and sent home.

Although Norman propagandists claimed that as early as 1051 or 1052 King Edward promised the throne of England to Duke William of Normandy, who later became King William the Conqueror, there is little contemporary evidence of such a promise from non-Norman sources.

Immediately upon taking the throne, he recalled all troops outside Russian borders, including the struggling expedition Catherine II had sent to conquer Iran through the Caucasus and the 60, 000 men she had promised to Britain and Austria to help them defeat the French.

Eventually Sulpicianus promised 20, 000 sesterces to every soldier ; Julianus, fearing that Sulpicianus would gain the throne, then offered 25, 000.

The emperor also relinquished all claims to the Spanish throne, and promised to support Spain in its attempts to regain Gibraltar.

In return for the throne Archduke Ferdinand at the Parliament on Cetin () promised to respect the historic rights, freedoms, laws and customs the Croats had when united with the Hungarian kingdom and to defend Croatia from Ottoman invasion.

Shortly after his birth, he was promised to be married to Beatrice of Portugal, the heir to the Portuguese throne.

On succeeding to the throne in 1830, he published an edict in which he promised to give his most anxious attention to the impartial administration of justice, to reform the finances, and to use every effort to heal the wounds which had afflicted the Kingdom for so many years.