* Exploratory laparotomy -- This refers to the opening of the abdominal cavity for direct examination of its contents, for example, to locate a source of bleeding or trauma.

** The breech refers to the mass of solid metal behind the bottom of the bore extending to the base of the breech and including the base ring ; it also generally refers to the end of the cannon opposite the muzzle, i. e., the location where the explosion of the gunpowder begins as opposed to the opening through which the pressurized gas escapes.

Aside from a ritualistic chant in " The Sontaran Strategem "/" The Poison Sky ", they are never seen to engage in any activity that would be considered recreation, though a few offhand comments by Commander Skorr in " The Poison Sky " suggest they do consider hunting a sport ( according to their creator Robert Holmes, Sontarans do have a highly developed artistic culture, but have put it on hold for the duration of the war, while the opening chapter of the novelisation of The Time Warrior, based on Holmes ' incomplete draft, refers to Linx listening to the Sontaran anthem while his spaceship is in flight ).

In some contexts, especially in photography and astronomy, aperture refers to the diameter of the aperture stop rather than the physical stop or the opening itself.

The Magician's Nephew refers to these books in the opening of the novel as though their events were true, mentioning the setting of the piece as being when " Mr. Sherlock Holmes was still living in Baker Street and the Bastables were looking for treasure in the Lewisham Road ".

" Second Opium War " refers to one of the British strategic objectives: legalising the opium trade, expanding coolie trade, opening all of China to British merchants, and exempting foreign imports from internal transit duties.

With respect to tools, ambidextrous may be used to mean that the tool may be used equally well with either hand ; an " ambidextrous knife " refers to the opening mechanism on a folding knife.

Its stated objective was to open up markets to competition by removing regulatory barriers to entry: The conference report refers to the bill “ to provide for a pro-competitive, de-regulatory national policy framework designed to accelerate rapidly private sector deployment of advanced information technologies and services to all Americans by opening all telecommunications markets to competition ....” Congress attempted to create a regulatory framework for the transition from primarily monopoly provision to competitive provision of telecommunications services.

Hansen's opening line, " Wind up your radios ," refers to the rare 78rpm novelty records from the days of wind-up phonographs that he has featured on the show, especially in its early years.

In the lyrics, the opening line's mention of the Ipiranga river refers to the stream near ( and now part of ) the city of São Paulo where Prince Dom Pedro, the future Emperor Dom Pedro I of Brazil, declared Brazilian independence from Portugal.

The word tracheostomy, including the root stom-( from Greek στόμα ) meaning " mouth ," refers to the making of a semi-permanent or permanent opening, and to the opening itself.

The opening folio contains a faded signature reading Wynsige presul which probably refers to the Wynsige who was Bishop of Lichfield from circa 963 to 972-5.

In the official sequel to the 1939 film, operatic mezzo soprano Risë Stevens provides the voice of " Glinda, the Good Fairy " as she is described in the opening title sequence ( however, the Cowardly Lion refers to her as the Good Witch of the North later in the film.

When the term Entrée refers to the opening number of the Grand Pas, etc., it is referred to in musical terms as the Intrada.

The text probably refers to Netscape's hope that, by opening its source, they could attract a " legion " of developers all across the world, who would help improve the software ( with the " din of a million keyboards ").

In the opening line, he refers to the urn as a " bride of quietness ", which serves to contrast the urn with the structure of the ode, a type of poem originally intended to be sung.

This is the sort of T ' ien which the ( Doctrine of the Mean ) refers to in its opening sentence when it says: " What T ' ien confers ( on man ) is called his nature.

In such cases one cannot refer to the entire movie as the " opening "; the term " cold open " in these instances refers to the opening moments or scenes.

The opening line of the " Marine's Hymn " refers to this action: " From the halls of Montezuma to the shores of Tripoli ..."

The middlegame in chess refers to the portion of the game that happens after the opening and before the endgame.

The opening line ' Libraries gave us power ' was inspired by the legend above the entrance to the former Pillgwenlly Library in Newport, near the band's home town of Blackwood in Wales: ' Knowledge is Power ', whilst the phrase ' then work came and made us free ' refers to the German slogan Arbeit macht frei that featured above the gates of most of the Nazi concentration camps and which was earlier referred to by the band on " The Intense Humming of Evil " from The Holy Bible.

A simple statement or ' opening words ' is read by one of the helpers that acknowledges the person's wish to receive the contact.

There are a lot of customs practiced during Tết, such as visiting a person's house on the first day of the new year ( xông nhà ), ancestral worshipping, wishing New Year's greetings, giving lucky money to children and elderly people, and opening a shop.

A myoelectric prosthesis uses electromyography signals or potentials from voluntarily contracted muscles within a person's residual limb on the surface of the skin to control the movements of the prosthesis, such as elbow flexion / extension, wrist supination / pronation ( rotation ) or hand opening / closing of the fingers.

Ceremonies conducted by priests after death, including the " opening of the mouth ( wp r )", aimed not only to restore a person's physical abilities in death, but also to release a Ba's attachment to the body.

Push-tabs never gained wide popularity because while they had solved the litter problem of the pull-tab, they created a safety hazard where the person's finger upon pushing the tab into the can was immediately exposed to the sharp edges of the opening.

They have the responsibility to explain what Subud is to any interested person, to facilitate a person's first receiving ( opening ), and to serve members in deepening their receiving and applying it in their lives.

So it is that we relive his opening statement in the first television address with the dramatic immediacy of the present.

This type of borrowing can be reduced to a minimum if quarterly installment payment of taxes is instituted and the first payment placed near the opening of the fiscal year.

In the orchestra we hear first a hushed, hesitant pizzicato figure, then the insistent `` police '' motif as it appeared in the opening scene.

In his opening address Wednesday the Rev. Mr. Zimmerman, urged the delegates to consider a 10-year expansion program, with `` Breakthrough '' the theme for the first two years.

Hansen will engage in his first workout at Miami Stadium prior to the opening tomorrow night of a two-game weekend series with the New York Yankees.

The first witness, Moses Winston Mardis, 5835 Michigan Av., a real estate agent and former bail bondsman, took the stand after opening statements had been made.

* 1896 – In Athens, the opening of the first modern Olympic Games is celebrated, 1, 500 years after the original games are banned by Roman Emperor Theodosius I.

He invented the first perfusion pump with Charles A. Lindbergh opening the way to organ transplantation.

He fired the first shot in defense of Fort Sumter, the opening battle of the war, and had a pivotal role in the early fighting at the Battle of Gettysburg.

A high enough opening bid could signal a player's determination to be first ranked in that attribute, thereby dissuading others from competing.

On June 21, 2004, Space Ship One became the first privately funded aircraft to make a spaceflight, opening the possibility of an aviation market capable of leaving the Earth's atmosphere.

Two years before their first opening day, Colangelo hired Buck Showalter, the American League Manager of the Year in 1994 with the New York Yankees.

For the educational market a version of the first model was produced with a new plastic enclosure ( the First Asters had an all-metal enclosure ) that also had an opening on the top in which a cassette recorder could be placed.

2003 also saw the opening of the Gaydon factory, the first purpose-built factory in Aston Martin's history.

Aston Martin has also boosted its worldwide appeal by opening more dealers in Europe, as well as branches in China for the first time in its 93 year history in Beijing and Shanghai.

* 1788 – American Pioneers to the Northwest Territory arrive at the confluence of the Ohio and Muskingum rivers, establishing Marietta, Ohio, as the first permanent American settlement of the new United States in the Northwest Territory, and opening the westward expansion of the new country.

The second movement, a scherzo and trio, is also in D minor, with the introduction bearing a passing resemblance to the opening theme of the first movement, a pattern also found in the Hammerklavier piano sonata, written a few years earlier.

England drew the opening game of the tournament 0 – 0 with Uruguay, and Charlton scored the first goal in the 2 – 0 win over Mexico.

Christopher Marlowe's play Tamburlane the Great was first performed in London in 1587, three years after the formal opening of English-Ottoman trade relations when William Harborne sailed for Constantinople as agent of the Levant Company.

Barclays ushered in the age of formalised commerce by opening the first commercial bank.

This enabled the first opening of trading connections between China and the West, along the Silk Road.

The members of the group met as mostly freshmen at Tuskegee Institute ( now Tuskegee University ) in 1968, and signed with Motown in November 1972, having first caught the public eye opening for The Jackson 5 while on tour.

The first voice heard on Channel 4's opening day of Tuesday 2 November 1982 was that of continuity announcer Paul Coia, who intoned, " Good afternoon.

Additionally, Hester set a Super Bowl record by becoming the first person to return an opening kick of a Super Bowl for a touchdown.

In the opening crawl of the film, they are first said to be the next generation in robotics.