However, economic recovery had been observed in the beginning of the 14th century.

By the end of the 14th century, internal struggles and external attacks had torn Kanem apart.

In the course of the 14th century, it became a courtly fashion to extend the vocabulary, and by the 15th century, this tendency had reached exaggerated proportions.

Gaston Phoebus ( 14th c .) had five terms for droppings of animals, which were extended to seven in the Master of the Game ( early 15th century ).

At the 14th Party Congress ( 18 – 31 December 1925 ) Kamenev and Zinoviev were forced into the same position that Trotsky had been forced into previously ; they proclaimed that the center was usurping power from the regional branches, and that Stalin was a danger to inner-party democracy.

Vertov clearly intended an active relationship with his audience in the series — in the final segment he includes contact information — but by the 14th episode the series had become so experimental that some critics dismissed Vertov's efforts as " insane ".

Fermat was not the first mathematician so moved to write in his own marginal notes to Diophantus ; the Byzantine scholar John Chortasmenos ( 14th / 15th C .) had written " Thy soul, Diophantus, be with Satan because of the difficulty of your theorems " next to the same problem.

By the 14th century, this had come to be used for the equipment used for fishing, referring to the rod and reel, etc., and also for that used in sailing, referring to rigging, equipment, or gear used on ships.

By the 14th century the qualifiers " moresca " and " latina " had been dropped and these two cordophones were usually simply referred to as guitars.

Thus, according to Étienne Boileau's Book of Handicrafts, by the mid-13th century there were no less than 100 guilds in Paris, a figure which by the 14th century had risen to 350.

Although until the 13th century religious minorities ( Jews and Muslims ) had enjoyed considerable tolerance in Castilla and Aragon – the only Christian kingdoms where Jews were not restricted from any professional occupation – the situation of the Jews collapsed over the 14th century, reaching a climax in 1391 with large scale massacres in every major city except Ávila.

Although Muslims had passed through Malaysia as early as the 10th century, it was not until the 14th and 15th centuries that Islam first established itself on the Malay Peninsula.

By the 14th century CE, they had converted to Islam.

Moscow's leadership in Russia was now firmly based and by the middle of the 14th century its territory had greatly expanded through purchase, war, and marriage.

In the 14th Century, the possibility of this experiential knowledge of God was challenged by a Calabrian monk, Barlaam, who although he was formally a member of the Orthodox Church had been trained in Western Scholastic theology.

In the 13th and 14th centuries, a number of Europeans, many of them Christian missionaries, had sought to penetrate China.

But these journeys had little permanent effect on East-West trade because of a series of political developments in Asia in the last decades of the 14th century, which put an end to further European exploration of Asia.

Medieval French had two words, chevaleresse and chevalière, which were used in two ways: one was for the wife of a knight, and this usage goes back to the 14th c. The other was possibly for a female knight.

By the end of the 14th century, internal struggles and external attacks had torn Kanem apart.

By the 14th century, when this " official history " begins, the speakers of early Lao-related languages had probably developed a reasonable base of population among the prior inhabitants of ( what is now ) Laos over the prior century or two.

A 14th century Indian writing mentioning a lesbian couple who had a child as a result of their lovemaking is an exception to the general silence about female homosexuality.

This claim was made by Jiao Yu in his Huolongjing Quanzhi ( Fire-drake Manual in One Complete Volume ), his preface written in 1412 AD ( although the book was originally published in the mid 14th century ), and that Zhuge had used not only " fire weapons " but land mines in the Battle of Hulugu Valley against the forces of Sima Yi and his son Sima Zhao of the Wei Kingdom.

By the 14th century, lutes had disseminated throughout Italy.

Probably due to the cultural influence of the Hohenstaufen kings and emperor, based in Palermo, the lute had also made significant inroads into the German-speaking lands by the 14th century.

Paper spread from China via the Islamic world to Europe by the 14th century, and by the late 15th century had largely replaced parchment for many purposes.

Several religious brotherhoods which have sprung up in and around Milan at various times since the 14th century have been called Ambrosians.

These elements can be shown to have already been part of French and English hunting terminology by the beginning of the 14th century.

Since the 14th century the Dardanelles have almost continuously been controlled by the Turks.

This word has often been employed as an epithet in Eastern European legends ( Sabya Damaskinya or Sablja Dimiskija meaning " Damascene saber "), including the Serbian and Bulgarian legends of Prince Marko, a historical figure of the late 14th century in what is currently the Republic of Macedonia.

" Speaking in tongues " has been used at least since the translation of the New Testament into Middle English in the Wycliffe Bible in the 14th century.

It has been conjectured that the name glagolitsa developed in Croatia around the 14th century and was derived from the word glagolity, applied to adherents of the liturgy in Slavonic.

Much of the controversy and dispute concerning the authenticity of the Gospel of Barnabas can be re-expressed as debating whether specific highly transgressive themes ( from an orthodox Christian perspective ) might already have been present in the source materials utilised by a 14th – 16th century vernacular author, whether they might be due to that author himself, or whether they might even have been interpolated by the subsequent editor.

It has not been confirmed if Connick, Jr. will return to the series in the 14th season.

The Gaelic triangular, wire-strung harp has always been known by the feminine term cruit but by 1204 was certainly known by the masculine term ' clàr ' ( board ) and, by the 14th century, by the feminine form of ' clàr ', i. e., ' clàirseach / clàrsach '.

The Hesychast, when he has by the mercy of God been granted such an experience, does not remain in that experience for a very long time ( there are exceptions — see for example the Life of St Savas the Fool for Christ ( 14th Century ), written by St Philotheos Kokkinos ( 14th Century )), but he returns ' to earth ' and continues to practise the guard of the mind.

Traditionally it has been argued that prior to the beginning of the 14th century, the weapon was a self bow between four and five feet in length, known since the 19th century as the shortbow.

Beginning of the Gospel of John from a pocket Wycliffe translation that may have been used by a roving Lollard preacher ( late 14th century )

The word Mannerism has also been used to describe the style of highly florid and contrapuntally complex polyphonic music made in France in the late 14th century.

Among the earliest evidence of the game are fragments of a pottery board and several rock cuts found in Aksumite Ethiopia in Matara ( now in Eritrea ) and Yeha ( in Ethiopia ), which are dated by archaeologists to between the 6th and 7th century AD ; the game may have been mentioned by Giyorgis of Segla in his 14th century Ge ' ez text " Mysteries of Heaven and Earth ," where he refers to a game called qarqis, a term used in Ge ' ez to refer to both Gebet ' a ( Mancala ) and Sant ' araz ( modern sent ' erazh, Ethiopian Chess ).

When they started, the other sects were quite strong and growing, but by the 14th century the Waldensians had been driven underground and the Cathars ( no relation to Catholics ) had been slaughtered en masse or forced to recant.

Its fortifications have been replaced by boulevards beyond which extend numerous suburbs, while on the left bank of the Tarn is the suburb of Villebourbon, which is connected to the town by a remarkable bridge of the early 14th century.

Opium is said to have been used for recreational purposes from the 14th century onwards in Muslim societies.

In the Romance languages, the hendecasyllable and Alexandrine are the most widely used meters, though the Petrarchan sonnet has been used in Italy since the 14th century.