It has a 16-bit fixed length instructions for high code density, features a hardware multiply – accumulate ( MAC ) block for DSP algorithms and has a five-stage pipeline.

The number of characters required for complete coverage of all these languages ' needs cannot fit in the 256-character code space of 8-bit character encodings, requiring at least a 16-bit fixed width encoding or multi-byte variable-length encodings.

The EMU10K2's audio transport ( DMA engine ) was fixed at 16-bit sample precision at 48 kHz ( like the EMU10K1 in the original Live!

It has a 320x480 TFT 16-bit Color Screen with a virtual input area like the Tungsten T3 instead of a 320x320 Color Screen with a fixed input area used in the Tungsten E, E2, T, and T2.

All arithmetic is carried out on 16-bit signed fixed point numbers, while all offsets are limited to 13 bits.

16-bit Gray code permutation G matrix multiplication | multiplied with the bit-reversal permutation B ' G has < big > 2 </ big > fixed points, < big > 1 </ big > Transposition ( mathematics ) | 2-cycle and < big > 3 </ big > 4-cyclesB has < big > 4 </ big > fixed points and < big > 6 </ big > 2-cyclesGB has < big > 2 </ big > fixed points and < big > 2 </ big > 7-cycles

UTF-16 is popular because many APIs date to the time when Unicode was 16-bit fixed width.

* TMS320C54x 16-bit fixed point DSP, 5 stage pipeline with in-order-execution of opcodes, parallel load / store on arithmetic operations, multiply accumulate and other DSP enhancements.

The 80386 and its successors fully support the 16-bit segments of the 80286 but also segments for 32-bit address offsets ( using the new 32-bit width of the main registers ).

The TMS9900 CPU also contains a 16-bit shift register (" CRU ") designed for interfacing with external shift registers, with dedicated instructions supporting access to fields of 1-16 bit width out of a total of 4096 addressable bits.

Because Unicode can be encoded as 16-bit or 32-bit integers, a computer receiving these encodings from arbitrary sources needs to know which byte order the integers are encoded in.

Windows 95 added additional 32-bit capabilities ( however, MS-DOS, some of the kernel, and supplementary utilities such as Disk Defragment remained 16-bit ) and implemented a new object oriented user interface, elements of which are still used today.

The 80386 could correctly execute most code intended for earlier 16-bit x86 processors such as the 8088 and 80286 that were ubiquitous in early PCs.

( More modern versions of INTERCAL have by and large kept the same data structures, with appropriate modifications ; TriINTERCAL, which modifies the radix with which numbers are represented, can use a 10-trit type rather than a 16-bit type ), and CLC-INTERCAL implements many of its own data structures, such as ' classes and lectures ', by making the basic data types store more information rather than adding new types.

The 8086 was introduced during 1978 as a fully 16-bit extension of Intel's 8-bit based 8080 microprocessor and also introduced memory segmentation to overcome the 16-bit addressing barrier of such designs.

As such, it could not operate in 80286 protected mode or perform 16-bit memory or I / O transfers in one bus cycle, but it did benefit from the higher speed of the 80286 and its other added instructions in real mode.

16-bit BIOS interfaces are required by certain x86 operating systems, such as DOS and Windows 3. 1 / 95 / 98 ( and all when not booted via UEFI ).

Though the noise level of 16-bit audio systems ( such as CD players ) is commonly quoted ( on the basis of calculations that take no account of subjective effect ) as − 96 dB relative to FS ( full scale ), the best 468-weighted results are in the region of − 68 dB relative to Alignment Level ( commonly defined as 18 dB below FS ) i. e. − 86 dB relative to FS.

Due to the large number of bits needed to encode the three registers of a 3-operand instruction, RISC processors using 16-bit instructions are invariably 2-operand machines, such as the Atmel AVR, the TI MSP430, and some versions of the ARM Thumb.

A few interpreters, such as the PBASIC interpreter, achieve even higher levels of program compaction by using a bit-oriented rather than a byte-oriented program memory structure, where commands tokens occupy perhaps 5 bits, nominally " 16-bit " constants are stored in a variable-length code requiring 3, 6, 10, or 18 bits, and address operands include a " bit offset ".

The concepts of such a control system remain in use on every major video game console produced today, even with fewer " cartridge-based " consoles on the market than in the 8 / 16-bit era.

The ST's graphics hardware was similar to previous computers, such as the Apple II or ZX Spectrum, which made the transition to 16-bit easier.

This was simply not fast enough for their purposes, so Whirlwind included sixteen such math units, operating on a complete 16-bit word every cycle in bit-parallel mode.

Direct3D 11. 1 also features minor updates to the shader language, such as larger constant buffers and optional double-precision instructions, as well as improved blending modes and mandatory support for 16-bit color formats to improve the performance of entry-level GPUs such as Intel HD Graphics.

These abilities make it feasible to compile languages such as PL / M, Pascal, or C with 16-bit variables and produce 8085 machine code.

In some older environments such as 16-bit Windows or MPE for the HP 3000, only stack based data ( local ) was allowed, or other significant restrictions were placed on writing a shared library.

There are also other features, such as 16-bit addressing.

In general, instructions that process variables such as signed or unsigned 16-bit or 32-bit integers are faster than those that process floating point or packed decimal.

In 1981, Artwick was approached by Microsoft's Alan M. Boyd who was interested in creating a ' definitive game ' that would graphically demonstrate the difference between older 8-bit computers such as the Apple II and the new 16-bit computers such as the IBM PC still in development.

The IBM Series / 1 computer is a 16-bit minicomputer, introduced in 1976, that in many respects competed with other minicomputers of the time, such as the PDP-11 from Digital Equipment Corporation and similar offerings from Data General and HP.

It was this, along with the Pentium Pro's high price, that caused the rather lackluster reception among PC enthusiasts, given the dominance at the time of the 16-bit MS-DOS, 16 / 32-bit Windows 3. 1x, and 32 / 16-bit Windows 95 ( parts of Windows 95, such as USER. exe, were still mostly 16-bit ).

In September 1978, the company demonstrated an optical digital audio disc with a 150 minute playing time, 44, 056 Hz sampling rate, 16-bit linear resolution, and cross-interleaved error correction code — specifications similar to those later settled upon for the standard Compact Disc format in 1980.

In theory, real-mode applications could be directly executed in 16-bit protected mode if certain rules were followed ; however, as many DOS programs broke those rules, protected mode was not widely used until the appearance of its successor, the 32-bit Intel 80386, which was designed to go back and forth between modes easily.

The mass-production of those chips eliminated any cost advantage for the 16-bit PDP-11.

His original 16-bit design was based on the assumption that only those scripts and characters in modern use would need to be encoded:

The semantic impedance, and hence programmer confusion and inconsistency from platform-to-platform, is on the assumption that ' w ' stands for 16-bit in those different environments.

For playback and not recording purposes, a proper analysis of typical programme levels throughout an audio system reveals that the capabilities of well-engineered 16-bit material far exceed those of the very best hi-fi systems, with the microphone noise and loudspeaker headroom being the real limiting factors.

Though at that time few games supported large textures and 32-bit color, and those that did generally were too demanding to be run at playable framerates, the features " 32-bit color support " and " 2048x2048 textures " were much more impressive on paper than 16-bit color and 256x256 texture support.

When switching to an 8 / 16 / 24-bit color option in those systems, generally transparency / translucency effects are disabled, and the only reduction in color depth is seen when going to 8 / 16-bit color.

DVX itself could serve MS-DOS programs and the 16-bit Windows environment across the network as X programs, which made it useful for those who wished to run MS-DOS and MS Windows programs from their Unix workstations.

The VMM works with virtual devices ( loadable kernel modules, which consist mostly of 32-bit ring 0 or kernel mode code, but may include other types of code, such as a 16-bit real mode initialisation segment ) to allow those virtual devices to intercept interrupts and faults to control the access that an application has to hardware devices and installed software.

They are popular camera perspectives among 2D video games, most commonly those released for 16-bit or earlier and handheld consoles, as well as in later strategy and role-playing video games.

But even when the total number of available colors in the display hardware is high enough when rendering full color digital photographs, as those 15-and 16-bit RGB Hicolor 32, 768 / 65, 536 color modes, banding can be evident to the eye, especially in large areas of smooth shade transitions ( although the original image file has no banding at all ).

Prior to Microsoft's release of a security patch, the workaround for this issue was to turn off 16-bit application support, which prevented older programs ( those written for DOS and Windows 3. 1 ) from running.

With the maturing of the graphics programming state-of-the-art on existing platforms, as well as the industry's move to more powerful third-generation consoles ( beginning with the NES ) and 16-bit computers, the flip-screen technique was gradually replaced by playing environments that scrolled, that is, those where the player remains in the centre of the screen while the environment " moves " past.