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Aegean and Sea
It is a peninsula bound by the Black Sea to the north, Georgia to the north-east, the Armenian Highland to the east, Mesopotamia to the south-east, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Aegean Sea to the west.
The Aegean Sea covers about in area, and measures about longitudinally and latitudinally.
The word archipelago was originally applied specifically to the Aegean Sea and its islands.
The bays and gulfs of the Aegean beginning at the South and moving clockwise include on Crete, the Mirabelli, Almyros, Souda and Chania bays or gulfs, on the mainland the Myrtoan Sea to the west, the Saronic Gulf northwestward, the Petalies Gulf which connects with the South Euboic Sea, the Pagasetic Gulf which connects with the North Euboic Sea, the Thermian Gulf northwestward, the Chalkidiki Peninsula including the Cassandra and the Singitic Gulfs, northward the Strymonian Gulf and the Gulf of Kavala and the rest are in Turkey ; Saros Gulf, Edremit Gulf, Dikili Gulf, Çandarlı Gulf, İzmir Gulf, Kuşadası Gulf, Gulf of Gökova, Güllük Gulf.
The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Aegean Sea as follows:
Aegean surface water circulates in a counter-clockwise gyre, with hypersaline Mediterranean water moving northward along the west coast of Turkey, before being displaced by less dense Black Sea outflow.
The Black Sea outflow moves westward along the northern Aegean Sea, then flows southwards along the east coast of Greece.
The physical oceanography of the Aegean Sea is controlled mainly by the regional climate, the fresh water discharge from major rivers draining southeastern Europe, and the seasonal variations in the Black Sea surface water outflow through the Dardanelles Strait.
* Aegean Sea Surface Water – thick veneer, with summer temperatures of 21 – 26 ° C and winter temperatures ranging from in the north to in the south.
* Aegean Sea Intermediate Water – Aegean Sea Intermediate Water extends from 40 – 50 m to with temperatures ranging from 11 – 18 ° C.
* Aegean Sea Bottom Water – occurring at depths below 500 – 1000 m with a very uniform temperature ( 13 – 14 ° C ) and salinity ( 39. 1 – 39. 2 %).
Historic map of Aegean Sea by Piri Reis
The subsequent Bronze Age civilizations of Greece and the Aegean Sea have given rise to the general term Aegean civilization.

Aegean and (;
The Cyclades (;, ) is a Greek island group in the Aegean Sea, south-east of the mainland of Greece ; and a former administrative prefecture of Greece.
(;, Hellespontos, literally " Sea of Helle "), is a narrow strait in northwestern Turkey connecting the Aegean Sea to the Sea of Marmara.
The Gallipoli peninsula (; ; ) is located in Turkish Thrace ( or East Thrace ), the European part of Turkey, with the Aegean Sea to the west and the Dardanelles straits to the east.
Naxos (; in Greek,, ) is a Greek island, the largest island () in the Cyclades island group in the Aegean.
Paros (; ; Venetian: Paro ) is a Greek island in the central Aegean Sea.
The Dodecanese (;, Dodekánisa, ; literally ' twelve islands ') are a group of 12 larger plus 150 smaller Greek islands in the Aegean Sea, of which 26 are inhabited.
The ( Northern ) Sporades (; ) are an archipelago along the east coast of Greece, northeast of the island of Euboea, in the Aegean Sea.
In linguistics, Aeolic Greek (; also Aeolian, Lesbian or Lesbic Greek ) is the set of dialects of Ancient Greek spoken mainly in Boeotia ( a region in Central Greece ), Thessaly, in the Aegean island of Lesbos, and the Greek colonies of Asia Minor ( Aeolis ).
Tílos (; ancient form: Telos ) is a small Greek island and municipality located in the Aegean Sea.
Antikythera or Anticythera (;,, literally " opposite Kythera ") is a Greek island lying on the edge of the Aegean Sea, between Crete and Peloponnese.
Halki (; alternatively Chalce or Chalki ) is a Greek island and municipality in the Dodecanese archipelago in the Aegean Sea, some west of Rhodes.

Aegean and Aigaio
The Cibyrrhaeots were complemented by two independent naval commands in the Aegean, each headed by a droungarios: the Aigaio Pelagos (" Aegean Sea "), covering the northern half of the Aegean and the Dardanelles and Marmara Sea, and the command variously known as the Dodekanesos (" Twelve Islands ") and Kolpos (" Gulf "), which was based at Samos and comprised the southern Aegean including the Cyclades.

Aegean and Pelagos
It is probable that it was this Duchy that created the word " archipelago " from the Venetian, a deformation of the Greek name of the Aegean Sea " Aigaion Pelagos " ( Αιγαιον πελαγος ).
The Sea of Crete (, Kritiko Pelagos ) is the sea south of the Aegean Sea, north of the island Crete, and south of the Cyclades.

Aegean and ;
Those modern scholars who urge that we must keep in mind the fundamental continuity of Aegean development from earliest times -- granted occasional irruptions of peoples and ideas from outside -- are correct ; ;
The first slanting rays of the new day cannot yet dispel all the dark shadows which lie across the Aegean world ; ;
Located on the west coast of Anatolia, the Aegean region has a fertile soil and a typically Mediterranean climate ; with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers.
W. H. Roscher thinks that both nectar and ambrosia were kinds of honey, in which case their power of conferring immortality would be due to the supposed healing and cleansing powers of honey, and because fermented honey ( mead ) preceded wine as an entheogen in the Aegean world ; on some Minoan seals, goddesses were represented with bee faces ( compare Merope and Melissa ).
* Structures ; Ruins of palaces, palatial villas, houses, built dome-or cist-graves and fortifications ( Aegean islands, Greek mainland and northwestern Anatolia ), but not distinct temples ; small shrines, however, and temene ( religious enclosures, remains of one of which were probably found at Petsofa near Palaikastro by J. L. Myres in 1904 ) are represented on intaglios and frescoes.
* Monuments and records of other contemporary civilizations ; for example, representations of alien peoples in Egyptian frescoes ; imitation of Aegean fabrics and style in non-Aegean lands ; allusions to Mediterranean peoples in Egyptian, Semitic or Babylonian records.
; In the Aegean area at a later time, discordant with the civilization in which they were practised and indicating survival from earlier systems.
During the Acropolis excavations in Athens, which terminated in 1888, many potsherds of the Mycenaean style were found ; but Olympia had yielded either none, or such as had not been recognized before being thrown away, and the temple site at Delphi produced nothing distinctively Aegean ( in dating ).
Sardinia has Aegean sites, for example, at Abini near Teti ; and Spain has yielded objects recognized as Aegean from tombs near Cadiz and from Saragossa.
One land, however, has eclipsed all others in the Aegean by the wealth of its remains of all the prehistoric ages — Crete ; and so much so that, for the present, we must regard it as the fountainhead of Aegean civilization, and probably for long its political and social centre.
The Black Sea has a positive water balance ; that is, a net outflow of water 300 km < sup > 3 </ sup > per year through the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles into the Aegean Sea.
Greece was the only Balkan country with a navy powerful enough to deny use of the Aegean to the Ottoman Empire, thus a treaty between Greece and Bulgaria became necessary ; it was signed in May 1912.
Chios (, ; alternative transliterations Khíos and Híos ) is the fifth largest of the Greek islands, situated in the Aegean Sea, off the Anatolia coast.
The Athenian Empire, although based in the peninsula of Attica, spread out across the islands of the Aegean Sea ; Athens drew its immense wealth from tribute paid from these islands.

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