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Africanized and honey
Africanized honey bees, known colloquially as " killer bees ," are some hybrid varieties of the Western honey bee species, ( Apis mellifera ), produced originally by cross-breeding of the African honey bee A. m. scutellata, with various European honey bees such as the Italian bee A. m. ligustica and the Iberian bee A. m. iberiensis.
Small swarms of Africanized bees are capable of taking over European honey bee hives by invading the hive and establishing their own queen after killing the European queen.
Map showing the spread of Africanized honey bees in the United States from 1990 to 2003
However, discoveries of the Africanized bees in southern Louisiana indicate this subspecies has penetrated this barrier, In October 2010, a 73-year-old man was killed by a swarm of Africanized honey bees while clearing brush on his south Georgia property, as determined by Georgia's Department of Agriculture.
Several researchers and beekeepers describe a general trait of the African subspecies Apis mellifera scutellata, classified by Lepeletier, 1836-( African honey bee ) Central and West Africa, which is absconding, where the Africanized honeybee colonies abscond the hive in times when food-stores are low, unlike the European colonies which tend to die in the hive.
Population genetics analysis of Africanized honey bees in the United States, using a materially inherited genetic marker, found 12 distinct mitotypes, and the amount of genetic variation observed supports the idea that there have been multiple introductions of AHB into the United States.
The Africanized honey bee varieties produced a reversion of behaviour similar to non-domesticated species.
The sting of the Africanized Honey Bee is no more potent than another variety of honey bee, and they have a similar appearance.
What makes Africanized honey bees more dangerous is that they are more easily provoked, quick to swarm, attack in greater numbers, and pursue their victims for greater distances.
* Africanized bee, a hybrid of the African honey bee with various European honey bees
Colonies of honey bees often escape into the wild from managed apiaries when they swarm ; their behavior, however, is no different from their behavior " in captivity ", until and unless they breed with other feral honey bees of a different genetic stock, which may lead them to become more docile or more aggressive ( see Africanized bees ).
For example, feral honey bee populations in the US have dropped about 90 % in the past 50 years, except for the Southwest where they have been replaced by Africanized bees.
The Africanized bee in the western hemisphere is directly descended from 26 Tanzanian queen bees ( A. m. scutellata ) accidentally released by a replacement bee-keeper in 1957 near Uberlândia, Minas Gerais State in the southeast of Brazil from hives operated by Kerr, who had interbred honey bees from Europe and southern Africa.
These bees are endangered due to massive deforestation, altered agricultural practices ( especially insecticides ), and changing beekeeping practices with the arrival of the Africanized honey bee, which produces much greater honey crops.
Furthermore, there are flora that the Africanized honey bees do not visit, such as those in the tomato family, and several forest trees and shrubs, which rely on the native stingless bees for pollination.
There has already been a decline in populations of native flora in areas where stingless bees have been displaced by Africanized honey bees.

Africanized and bees
Africanized bees ( known colloquially as " killer bees ") are hybrids between European stock and one of the African subspecies A. m. scutellata ; they are often more aggressive than and do not create as much of a surplus as European bees, but are more resistant to disease and are better foragers.
Novel hybrid strains of domestic and re-domesticated Africanized bees combine high resilience to tropical conditions and good yields.
Moe is often engaged in shady or illegal activities at his tavern, including smuggling pandas and orcas, imprisoning Hans Moleman under the floor of the bar, hosting Russian roulette games, operating an unlicensed casino, serving liquor without a license ( the liquor license he had was from 1973, signed by Moe himself, and only valid in Rhode Island ), running a speakeasy during Springfield's brief flirtation with prohibition, performing unlicensed surgery, and housing Africanized bees.
Thus Africanized bees are expected to be a hazard mostly in the Southern States of the United States, reaching as far north as the Chesapeake Bay in the east.
Africanized bees have slightly shorter wings, which can be reliably recognized only by performing a statistical analysis on micro-measurements of a substantial sample.

Africanized and are
As the Africanized honeybee migrates further north, colonies are interbreeding with European honeybees.
Africanized bees are notable for their propensity to swarm or abscond.
The lexicon covers various African languages, as well as words from many other sources " so Africanized that they do not appear foreign ", although no specific etymologies are indicated by the author.

Africanized and from
An Africanized bee extracts nectar from a flower as pollen grains stick to its body in Tanzania
As of 2002, the Africanized honeybees had spread from Brazil south to northern Argentina and north to Central America, Trinidad ( West Indies ), Mexico, Texas, Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico, Florida, and southern California.
An Africanized bee extracts nectar from a flower as pollen grains stick to its body in Tanzania
Molecular diagnostics using the mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA ) cytochrome b gene can differentiate A. m. scutellata from other A. mellifera lineages, though mtDNA only allows one to detect an Africanized colony that has an Africanized queen, and not colonies where a European queen has mated with Africanized drones.
An Africanized bee colony can remain agitated longer and may attack up to a quarter of a mile away from the hive.
The Buckfast bee of today also contains heritage from two African rare and docile African stocks A. m. sahariensis and the A. m. monticola, but not the " Africanized " A. m.

Africanized and queen
A likely cause of " hot " hives in subsequent generations is the introduction of Africanized bee genetics being introduced either to the mother queen or to the daughter queen via local Africanized drones.

Africanized and .
Brown moved on a continuum of blues and gospel-based forms and styles to a profoundly " Africanized " approach to music making.
* The Africanized bee is accidentally released in Brazil.

Africanized and by
This Africanized milonga-tango, as well as the habanera and mazurka, was frowned upon, and found wholly unacceptable by some sections of Argentine high society.

Africanized and had
The island of Fernando Pó had its name Africanized after him to Masie Ngueme Biyogo Island ; upon his overthrow in 1979, its name was again changed to Bioko.

honey and bees
There is a legend that as an infant, a swarm of bees settled on his face while he lay in his cradle, leaving behind a drop of honey.
Eating honey is strictly outlawed, as it would amount to violence against the bees.
Some other organisms form beneficial relationships with plants, called mutualisms, for example with mycorrhizal fungi that provide nutrients, and honey bees that pollinate flowers.
It is estimated that one third of the human food supply depends on insect pollination, most of which is accomplished by bees, especially the domesticated European honey bee.
Monoculture and the massive decline of many bee species ( both wild and domesticated ) have increasingly caused honey bee keepers to become migratory so that bees can be concentrated in seasonally varying high-demand areas of pollination.
Female bees periodically stop foraging and groom themselves to pack the pollen into the scopa, which is on the legs in most bees, and on the ventral abdomen on others, and modified into specialized pollen baskets on the legs of honey bees and their relatives.
Thus while bumblebees have been found to be about ten times more efficient pollinators on cucurbits, the total efficiency of a colony of honey bees is much greater due to greater numbers.
From 1972 to 2006, there was a dramatic reduction in the number of feral honey bees in the US, which are now almost absent.
Journalist Bee Wilson states that the image of a community of honey bees " occurs from ancient to modern times, in Aristotle and Plato ; in Virgil and Seneca ; in Erasmus and Shakespeare ; Tolstoy, as well as by social theorists Bernard Mandeville and Karl Marx.
Despite the honey bee's painful sting and the stereotype of insects as pests, bees are generally held in high regard.
* Colony collapse disorder, a phenomenon involving the abrupt disappearance of the worker bees in a beehive or Western honey bee colony
When foraging for honey, chimps will use modified short sticks to scoop the honey out of the hive, that is, if the bees are stingless.
In addition, birds and other animals lay eggs, which are often eaten, and bees produce honey, a reduced nectar from flowers, which is a popular sweetener in many cultures.
Of particular concern is the toxicity of even low doses of pesticides, particularly neonicotinoids, that can be fatal to honey bees.
The variety produced by honey bees ( the genus Apis ) is the one most commonly referenced.
Honey bees transform nectar into honey by a process of regurgitation, and store it as a primary food source in wax honeycombs inside the beehive.
Honey bees transform saccharides into honey by a process of regurgitation, a number of times, until it is partially digested.
In cold weather or when fresh food sources are scarce, bees use their stored honey as their source of energy.
The worker bees raise larvae and collect the nectar that will become honey in the hive.
In the hive, the bees use their " honey stomachs " to ingest and regurgitate the nectar a number of times until it is partially digested.
In the Book of Judges, Samson found a swarm of bees and honey in the carcass of a lion ( 14: 8 ).
These attract bees, hence the genus name Melissa ( Greek for ' honey bee ').

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