* 1948 – 1948 Arab-Israeli War: Haifa, a major port of Israel, is captured from Arab forces.

Several Arab states supported Libyan territorial claims to the Strip, among the most outspoken of which was Algeria, which provided training for anti-Habré forces, although most recruits for its training programs were from Nigeria or Cameroon, recruited and flown to Algeria by Libya.

Early organized Arab mounted forces under the Rashidun caliphate comprised a light cavalry armed with lance and sword.

In the Middle East, during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign mounted forces ( British, Indian, Ottoman, Australian, Arab and New Zealand ) retained an important strategic role both as mounted infantry and cavalry.

By 650 Arab forces had conquered all of Persia, Syria, and Egypt.

Clause 3. provided that " Independent Arab and Jewish States and the Special International Regime for the City of Jerusalem ... shall come into existence in Palestine two months after the evacuation of the armed forces of the mandatory Power has been completed but in any case not later than 1 October 1948.

The situation pushed the leaders of the neighbouring Arab states to intervene, but their preparation was not finalized, and they could not assemble sufficient forces to turn the tide of the war.

The Arab states marched their forces into what had, until the previous day, been the British Mandate for Palestine.

The early Arab forces did not fully explore Afghanistan due to attacks by the mountain tribes.

The Hephthalites from Herat and some unidentified Turks opposed the Arab forces in a battle of Qohestān in 651-52 AD, trying to block their advance on Nishāpur, but they were defeated

This war had begun in September 1980, when Saddam Hussein sent Iraqi forces across the Shatt al Arab into southwestern Iran.

Subsequently, Iranian forces invaded Iraq by crossing the Shatt al Arab in the south and by capturing some mountain passes in the north.

TERMINATION OF MANDATE, PARTITION AND INDEPENDENCE: Clause 3. provides :- Independent Arab and Jewish States and the Special International Regime for the City of Jerusalem, ..., shall come into existence in Palestine two months after the evacuation of the armed forces of the mandatory Power has been completed but in any case not later than 1 October 1948.

The roots of the 1951 – 2011 Libyan armed forces can be traced to the Libyan Arab Force ( popularly known as the Sanusi Army ) of World War II.

Pollack says that the defeat of the Arabs during the Six-Day War of July 1967 was an important factor in the coup, as the officers believed that Libya should have dispatched forces to aid Egypt and the other Arab states.

The Arab forces also fell victim to Bulgarian reinforcements arriving to aid the Byzantines.

Leo secured the Empire's frontiers by inviting Slavic settlers into the depopulated districts and by restoring the army to efficiency ; when the Umayyad Caliphate renewed their invasions in 726 and 739, as part of the campaigns of Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik, the Arab forces were decisively beaten, particularly at Akroinon in 740.

Young men were drawn in as new fighting forces while older men were reduced to domestic slaves and / or disposed off to Arab slave traders operating from the Lake Malawi regions.

In May 2003, Morocco itself was subjected to the more radical forces at work in the Arab world when Islamist suicide bombers simultaneously struck a series of sites in Casablanca, killing 45 and injuring more than 100 others.

* 1948 – Arab – Israeli War: Egypt captures the Israeli kibbutz of Yad Mordechai, but the five-day effort gives Israeli forces time to prepare enough to stop the Egyptian advance a week later.

In the Arab Spring, including in Cairo, Egypt, pro-government forces attacked protesters in Cairo with Molotovs.

The town was not a field of battle during 1948 Arab-Israeli War before the first truce on 11 June, although some of the villagers had joined the loosely organized peasant military and paramilitary forces, and troops from the Arab Liberation Army had entered Nazareth.

Its Statement of Proclamation of the Organization declared "... the right of the Palestinian Arab people to its sacred homeland Palestine and affirming the inevitability of the battle to liberate the usurped part from it, and its determination to bring out its effective revolutionary entity and the mobilization of the capabilities and potentialities and its material, military and spiritual forces ".

Martin Buber and Hugo Bergmann, who viewed Steiner's social ideas as a solution to the Arab – Jewish conflict, were also influenced by Anthroposophy.

There was a great deal of freedom of interaction between the groups: for example, Sarah, the granddaughter of the Visigoth king Wittiza, married a Muslim man and bore two sons who were later counted among the ranks of the highest Arab nobility.

These elements, which formed the bulk of the population, were not averse to supporting a strong ruler who would protect them against the Arab aristocracy.

Banda was the world's only source of nutmeg and mace, spices used as flavourings, medicines, preserving agents, that were at the time highly valued in European markets ; sold by Arab traders to the Venetians for exorbitant prices.

The earliest pioneers of chemistry and the scientific method, were medieval Arab and Persian scholars.

Although many states rose and fell, the most important and durable of the empires were Kanem-Bornu, Baguirmi, and Ouaddai, according to most written sources ( mainly court chronicles and writings of Arab traders and travelers ).

Most of them were Dutch, French, British ( English ), Arab and Jewish ( from Lebanon and Morocco ), Chinese ( especially from Macau ), American, and Brazilian ( including people of Portuguese and African descent ).

During the 1892 – 1894 war between the Congo Free State and the Swahili-Arab city-states of Nyangwe and Kasongo in Eastern Congo, there were reports of widespread cannibalization of the bodies of defeated Arab combatants by the Batetela allies of Belgian commander Francis Dhanis.

The most notable of these early immigrants were the Shirazi Arab royal clans, who arrived in Comoros in the 15th and 16th centuries and stayed to build mosques, create a royal house and introduce architecture and carpentry.

Chinese infantry were routed by Arab cavalry near the bank of the River Talas.

measure of God ( Allah ) reinforced the significance of reserving and maintaining rights and equality for concubines in the then Arab society where earlier they were merely used for sexual pleasures without any social security and respect.

Although lines were blurred by intermarriage and tribal re-affiliation, the Hassane were considered descendants of the Arab Maqil tribe Beni Hassan, and held power over Sanhadja Berber-descended zawiya ( religious ) and znaga ( servant ) tribes.

As early as the 8th century, Arab scholars were translating the works of the Greek geographers into Arabic.

Most Arab countries were skeptical about the " Eisenhower doctrine " because they considered " Zionist imperialism " the real danger.

Diophantus and his works have also influenced Arab mathematics and were of great fame among Arab mathematicians.

** Openness Euphoria, 1974 – 1982 during which policies were introduced to encourage Arab and foreign investment through a series of incentives and liberalizing trade and payment ; the economy expanded but this proved unsustainable and growth consequently scaled back.

Initially the owners of AOI were the governments of Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates, before the latter governments gave their shares back to Egypt in 1993, valued at $ 1. 8 billion.

Eritrea ’ s main suppliers were the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Italy, Germany, and Belgium.

For example, exorbitant bribes were demanded for allowing goods to pass in and out of the Gaza Strip, while heads of the Preventive Security Service apparatus profited from their involvement in the gravel import and cement and construction industries, such as the Great Arab Company for Investment and Development, the al-Motawaset Company, and the al-Sheik Zayid construction project.

Perhaps earlier known to Arab navigators, the Glorieuses were named and settled in 1880 by a Frenchman, Hippolyte Caltaux, who established a coconut plantation on Grande Glorieuse.

Greek medicine was part of Greek culture, and Syrian Eastern Christians came in contact with it while the Eastern Roman Empire ( Byzantium ) ruled Syria and Western Mesopotamia, regions that were conquered from Byzantium in the 7th century by Arab Muslims.

Jews were banned from living in Jerusalem itself ( a ban that persisted until the Arab conquest ) and the Roman province, until then known as Iudaea Province, was renamed Palaestina, no other revolt led to a province being renamed.