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BCG and vaccine
One example of an abscess is a BCG-oma, which is caused because of incorrect administration of the BCG vaccine.
Bacillus Calmette – Guérin ( or Bacille Calmette – Guérin, BCG ) is a vaccine against tuberculosis that is prepared from a strain of the attenuated ( weakened ) live bovine tuberculosis bacillus, Mycobacterium bovis, that has lost its virulence in humans by being specially subcultured ( 230 passages ) in an artificial medium for 13 years, and also prepared from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
At best, the BCG vaccine is 80 % effective in preventing tuberculosis for a duration of 15 years ; however, its protective effect appears to vary according to geography.
# Exposure to ultraviolet light: Concentration of ultraviolet light ( particularly UVB light ) from the Sun may have some effect on efficacy of the BCG vaccine.
UVB has been demonstrated to reduce efficacy of BCG vaccine in laboratory guinea pigs.
* Cancer immunotherapy / cancer vaccine: A number of cancer vaccines use BCG as an adjuvant to provide an initial stimulation of the patients ' immune systems.
BCG vaccine should be given intradermally.
Statens Serum Institut in Denmark markets BCG vaccine prepared using Danish strain 1331.
Japan BCG Laboratory markets its vaccine, based on the Tokyo 172 substrain of Pasteur BCG, in 50 countries worldwide.
Sanofi-Pasteur's BCG vaccine products, made with the Glaxo 1077 strain, were recalled in July 2012 due to noncompliance in the manufacturing process.
WHO established an epidemiological information service via telex in 1947, and by 1950 a mass tuberculosis inoculation drive ( using the BCG vaccine ) was under way.
In July 1921, at the Pasteur Institute in Lille, Albert Calmette and Camille Guérin discovered the first anti-tuberculosis vaccine, known as BCG (" Bacille de Calmette et Guérin ").
The health reform coincided with the development of a new vaccine and of new drugs ( e. g. BCG and penicillin ) that helped to treat a previously untreatable group of medical conditions.
: L03AX03 BCG vaccine
* Albert Calmette and Camille Guérin discovered how to culture the tuberculosis bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( so called BCG or Bacillus Calmette-Guérin ) at Institut Pasteur de Lille and developed in 1921 the first effective antituberculosis vaccine ;
Until 2005, the test was used in the United Kingdom to determine if the BCG vaccine was needed ; the Mantoux test is now used instead.
Most patient are aged less than 5 years, but the incidence is rare for children having BCG vaccine.
This vaccine produces higher levels of long-lasting cellular immunity when used together with the old TB vaccine called BCG.
He discovered the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, an attenuated form of Mycobacterium used in the BCG vaccine against tuberculosis.
Finally, in 1921, they used BCG to successfully vaccine newborn infants in the Charité in Paris.

BCG and was
It was subsequently discovered that the BCG administered had been contaminated with a virulent strain that was being stored in the same incubator, and led to legal action being taken against the manufacturers of BCG.
In 1928, BCG was adopted by the Health Committee of the League of Nations ( predecessor to the WHO ).
The first large-scale trial evaluating the efficacy of BCG was conducted from 1956 to 1963, and involved 54, 239 school children who received BCG at the age of 14 or 15 ; this study showed an efficacy of 84 % up to five years after immunization.
The Birmingham BCG trial was published in 1988.
In this study, the UK school children had a low baseline cellular immunity to mycobacteria which was increased by BCG ; in contrast, the Malawi school children had a high baseline cellular immunity to mycobacteria and this was not significantly increased by BCG.
* United Kingdom: The UK introduced universal BCG immunization in 1953, and until 2005, the UK policy was to immunize all school children at the age of 13, and all neonates born into high-risk groups.
BCG was also given to protect people who had been exposed to tuberculosis.
Styblo and Meijer argued neonatal immunization protected against miliary TB and other noncontagious forms of TB, and not pulmonary TB which was a disease of adults, and that mass immunization campaigns with BCG would therefore not be expected to have a significant public health impact.
For these and other reasons, BCG was therefore given to time with the peak incidence of pulmonary disease.
Routine immunization with BCG was withdrawn in 2005 because of falling cost-effectiveness: whereas in 1953, 94 children would have to be immunized to prevent one case of TB, by 1988, the annual incidence of TB in the UK had fallen so much, 12, 000 children would have to be immunized to prevent one case of TB.
* Other countries: In some countries, such as the former USSR, BCG was given regularly throughout life.
In South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan and Malaysia, BCG was given at birth and again at age 12.
Pacis ® BCG, made from the Montréal ( Institut Armand-Frappier ) strain, was first marketed by Urocor in about 2002.
Improvements were made in nursing accommodation in order to recruit more nurses and reduce labour shortages which were keeping 60, 000 beds out of use, and efforts were made to reduce the imbalance “ between an excess of fever and tuberculosis ( TB ) beds and a shortage of maternity beds .” In addition, BCG vaccinations were introduced for the protection of medical students, midwives, nurses, and contacts of patients with TB, while a pension scheme was set up for employees of the newly-established NHS.
1951: BCG Vaccination programme was launched
The General Business Screen was originally developed to help marketing managers overcome the problems that are commonly associated with the Boston Matrix ( BCG ), such as the problems with the lack of credible business information, the fact that BCG deals primarily with commodities not brands or Strategic Business Units ( SBU's ), and that cashflow is often a more reliable indicator of position as opposed to market growth / share.

BCG and first
* India and Pakistan: India and Pakistan introduced BCG mass immunization in 1948, the first countries outside Europe to do so.
* The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin ( BCG ) immunization for tuberculosis is first developed.
* The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin ( BCG ) immunization for tuberculosis is first developed.
* July 18 – The first BCG vaccination against tuberculosis is given.
* July 18-The first BCG vaccination against tuberculosis.
* BCG ( Bacilli-Calmette-Guerin ) immunization for Tuberculosis first developed.
The billings for the first month of BCG were only US $ 500.

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