* August 8 – 10 – Battle of Scheveningen: The final naval battle of the First Anglo-Dutch War is fought, between the fleets of the Commonwealth of England and the United Provinces off the Texel ; the English navy gains a tactical victory over the Dutch fleet.

Battle sites of the Third Anglo-Dutch War: Solebay in the west, the Schooneveld in the south and the Texel in the north.

This resulted in the final Battle of Texel.

The result was the Battle of Schooneveld in June and the Battle of Texel in August, a controversial sequence of engagements in which, at a minimum, poor communications between the French and English commanders assisted the marginal Dutch victory.

The Battle of Scheveningen ( also known as the Battle of Texel or the Battle of Ter Heijde ) was the final naval battle of the First Anglo-Dutch War.

The naval Battle of Texel or Battle of Kijkduin took place on 21 August 1673 ( 11 August O. S.

The Battle of Texel was joined when a Dutch fleet sought to oppose the landing of troops by a combined Anglo-French fleet.

The Battle of Texel ( 1707 ) by Willem van de Velde the Younger

The British are sometimes credited with pioneering the tactic of " breaking the line " in the battle ; this is however erroneous as Dano – Norwegian admiral Niels Juel did this in the Battle of Køge Bay more than a hundred years earlier and even earlier the Dutch admiral Michiel de Ruyter used it for the first time in the last day of the Four Days ' Battle in 1666 ( and again in the Battle of Schooneveld and the Battle of Texel of 1673 )!

Whilst visiting France in 1672 he rejected the liberal offers made by Louis XIV to induce him to enter the service of France, and returning to England he added to his high reputation by his conduct during the Battle of Texel in August 1673.

Image: BattleOfTexel. jpg | The Battle of Texel, painted 1687

The line is at its most effective when moving perpendicular to the axis of movement of the enemy fleet, e. g. by " crossing the T " or by breaking the enemy line and moving through it ( e. g. Four Days Battle, Battle of Schooneveld, Battle of Trafalgar ), by trying to cut off and isolate part of the enemy's line and concentrating a stronger force on it ( e. g. Battle of Texel, Battle of the Saintes ), or by trying to " double up " the enemy's ships ( e. g. Battle of Beachy Head ).

# REDIRECT Battle of Texel

He gave us a simile to explain his admission that even at the worst period of his second illness it never occurred to him there was any renewed question about his running: as in the Battle of the Bulge, he had no fears about the outcome until he read the American newspapers.

It was the opinion of some of us that these must be part of the Committeemen who had been in the Battle of the North Bridge, which entitled them to a sort of veteran status, and we felt that if they employed this tactic, it was likely enough the best one.

For example, it was a battalion of the 7th Cavalry under Colonel George Armstrong Custer that had been wiped out at the Battle of The Little Big Horn.

Although it was at the Battle of The Little Horn, about which more words have been written than any other battle in American history, that the 7th Cavalry first made its mark in history, the regiment was ten years old by then.

However, lacking requested reinforcements from McClellan, now commanding the Army of the Potomac, Pope was soundly defeated at the Second Battle of Bull Run in the summer of 1862, forcing the Army of the Potomac to defend Washington for a second time.

Hooker was routed by Lee at the Battle of Chancellorsville in May, but continued to command his troops for some weeks.

With the great Union victory at the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, and the defeat of the Copperheads in the Ohio election in the fall, Lincoln maintained a strong base of party support and was in a strong position to redefine the war effort, despite the New York City draft riots.

Considered by Confederate President Jefferson Davis to be the finest general officer in the Confederacy before the emergence of Robert E. Lee, he was killed early in the Civil War at the Battle of Shiloh and was the highest-ranking officer, Union or Confederate, killed during the entire war.

This refusal to accept any renunciation of allegiance to the Crown led to conflict with the United States over impressment, and then led to further conflicts even during the War of 1812, when thirteen Irish American prisoners of war were executed as traitors after the Battle of Queenston Heights ; Winfield Scott urged American reprisal, but none was carried out.

At the start of the Battle of Gettysburg, July 1, 1863, Doubleday's division was the second infantry division on the field to reinforce the cavalry division of Brig.

Valens died in the Battle of Adrianople in 378 and was succeeded by Theodosius I, who adhered to the Nicene creed.

The Triumvirate was eventually torn apart under the competing ambitions of its members: Lepidus was driven into exile and stripped of his position, and Antony committed suicide following his defeat at the Battle of Actium by Augustus in 31 BC.

The early policy of Ambracia was determined by its loyalty to Corinth ( for which it probably served as an entrepot in the Epirus trade ), its consequent aversion to Corcyra ( as Ambracia participated on the Corinthian side at the Battle of Sybota, which took place in 433 BC between the rebellious corinthian colony of Corcyra ( modern Corfu ) and Corinth ).

When Alaric II was killed fighting Clovis I, king of the Franks, in the Battle of Vouillé ( 507 ), his kingdom fell into disarray.

The Battle of Qarqar is mentioned in extra-biblical records, and was perhaps at Apamea where Shalmaneser III of Assyria fought a great confederation of princes from Cilicia, Northern Syria, Israel, Ammon, and the tribes of the Syrian desert ( 853 BC ), including Ahab ( A-ha-ab-bu < sup > mat </ sup >) ( Adad -' idri ).

Absalom eventually rebelled against his father and was killed during the Battle of Ephraim Wood.

Sharing in the attack on the Electorate of Saxony, Albert was taken prisoner at Rochlitz in March 1547 by Elector John Frederick of Saxony, but was released as a result of the Emperor's victory at the Battle of Mühlberg in the succeeding April.

Only a few weeks after his accession the Ottoman Empire sustained a crushing defeat at the Battle of Slankamen from the Austrians under Margrave Louis William of Baden and was driven from Hungary.

The Battle of Mantinea, in which Agesilaus took no part, was followed by a general peace: Sparta, however, stood aloof, hoping even yet to recover her supremacy.

As the Battle of the Frigidus, which terminated this campaign, was fought at the passes of the Julian Alps, Alaric probably learned the weakness of Italy's natural defences on its northeastern frontier at the head of the Adriatic.

In the north, the Romans, with their northern sea flank secured by their naval victory at Battle of Mylae, advanced toward Thermae.

A significant date in sub-Roman Britain is the famous Groans of the Britons, an unanswered appeal to Aëtius, leading general of the western Empire, for assistance against Saxon invasion in 446 ; another is the Battle of Dyrham in 577, after which the significant cities of Bath, Cirencester and Gloucester fell and the Saxons reached the western sea.

While at sea the French had some success at Boulogne but Nelson's Royal Navy destroyed an anchored Danish and Norwegian fleet at the Battle of Copenhagen ( 1801 ) because the Scandinavian kingdoms were against the British blockade of France.

He served at sea for a number of years, rising to the rank of post-captain, and being notable for his role in the Battle of Vizagapatam in 1804, for which he was knighted.

* 1853 – Crimean War: Battle of Sinop – The Imperial Russian Navy under Pavel Nakhimov destroys the Ottoman fleet under Osman Pasha at Sinop, a sea port in northern Turkey.

* 1633 – Battle of southern Fujian sea: The Ming dynasty defeats the Dutch East India Company.

* Battle of Portland, a sea battle off the Isle of Portland in 1653 during the First Anglo-Dutch War

The turning point was the Battle for Brindisi, where the Sicilians launched a major counter attack by both land and sea.

After a harsh defeat at the Battle of Agrigentum in 261 BC, the Carthaginian leadership resolved to avoid further direct land-based engagements with the powerful Roman legions, and concentrate on the sea where they believed Carthage's large navy had the advantage.

* 1109: In the Battle of Nakło, Boleslaus III Wrymouth defeats the Pomeranians and re-establishes Polish access to the sea.

** Meanwhile at sea, the Persians are defeated by a Greek fleet headed by Leotychidas of Sparta and Xanthippus of Athens in the Battle of Mycale, off the coast of Lydia in Asia Minor.

* June 7 – First Battle of Schooneveld: In a sea battle of the Third Anglo-Dutch War, fought off the Netherlands coast, the Dutch win with the fleet of the United Provinces ( commanded by Michiel de Ruyter ) against the allied Anglo-French fleet commanded by Prince Rupert of the Rhine.

* June 7 – Third Anglo-Dutch War: Battle of Solebay, an indecisive sea battle between the Dutch Republic and the joined forces of England and France.

* 535 BC — Phocaean Greek colonists clash at sea with Carthaginians and Etruscans in Battle of Alalia ( Corsica ).

** Battle of Port Arthur, a sea battle in the Russo-Japanese War in 1904

Thus it was doubly a strategic target of the Japanese invasion fleet meant to conduct a direct sea-land amphibious assault in May 1942, but the invasion was prevented in the historic Battle of Coral Sea, the first of five carrier versus carrier sea battles in mankinds ' history.

* Confident in Carthage's superiority at sea, Hannibal Gisco deploys his ships for the Battle of Mylae in the traditional long line arrangement.

* In the north of Sicily, the Romans, with their northern sea flank secured by their naval victory in the Battle of Mylae, advance toward Thermae.

Three major land battles, seven large naval battles ( five nighttime surface actions and two carrier battles ), and continual, almost daily aerial battles culminated in the decisive Naval Battle of Guadalcanal in early November 1942, in which the last Japanese attempt to bombard Henderson Field from the sea and land with enough troops to retake it was defeated.

At the age of nine, Tromp went to sea with his father and was in 1607 present in a squadron covering the Dutch main fleet fighting the Battle of Gibraltar.

When in 1639 a large Spanish transport fleet sought refuge in the English Downs moorage, Charles did not dare to protect it against a Dutch attack ; the resulting Battle of the Downs undermined both Spanish sea power and Charles's reputation.

At both the Four Days ' Battle and the St James's Day Fight a Dutch marine contingent had been ready to land in the Medway immediately following a possible Dutch victory at sea.

The Carthaginians had gained command of the sea after their victory in the Battle of Drepanum in 249 BC, but they only held two cities in Sicily: Lilybaeum and Drepanum by the time Hamilcar took up command.

They decided to hastily restock Benicadell and retreat to Valencia via the coast, but were met at the Battle of Bairén by Muhammad's forces encamped on the high ground that reached almost to the sea.

The Battle of Játiva ended in a rout, with many Almoravids killed or forced into the river or the sea, where many drowned.