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The Black Hand was founded on 6 September 1901.
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Black and Hand
In Austria, the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Serbian nationalist insurgents ( The Black Hand ) is blamed for igniting World War I after a succession of minor conflicts, while belligerents on both sides in World War II used operatives specifically trained for assassination.
Torrio had gone there to resolve some family problems his cousin's husband was having with the Black Hand and killed them.
Unification or Death (), unofficially known as the Black Hand ( Црна рука, Crna ruka ), was a secret military society formed by members of the Serbian army in the Kingdom of Serbia, which was founded on 6 September 1901.
Through its purported connections to the June 1914 assassination in Sarajevo of Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria, the Black Hand may have been one of the principal catalysts to the start of World War I, fueling the July Crisis of 1914 and giving Austria-Hungary a pretext to invade Serbia.
Ritual cross of the Black Hand
The Black Hand was formed when ten men met on 9 May 1911 to form Ujedinjenje ili Smrt ( Unification or Death ), better known as the Black Hand.
The Black Hand trained guerillas and saboteurs and planned political murders.
The Black Hand was organized at the grassroots level in 3-to 5-member cells, supervised by district committees and by a Central committee in Belgrade whose ten-member Executive Committee was led, more or less, by Colonel Dragutin Dimitrijević ( also known as Apis ).
The Black Hand took over the terrorist actions of Narodna Odbrana, and worked deliberately at obscuring any distinctions between the two groups, trading on the prestige and network of the older organization.
Black Hand members held important army and government positions.
The Serbian government was fairly well informed of Black Hand activities.
The Black Hand was displeased with Prime minister Nikola Pašić.
By this point, standing up and saying ' no ' to the Black Hand was a dangerous act.
Others in the government and some on the Black Hand Executive Council were not as confident of Russian aid.
When word of the plot percolated through Black Hand leadership and the Serbian government, Apis was told not to proceed.
Towards the end of 1916, Prime Minister Pasic decided to destroy the leaders of the Black Hand and break up the organization.
By the spring of 1917, many Black Hand leaders, including Apis, had been arrested.
Among the charges was that the Black Hand had attempted to murder Prince Regent Alexander.
With the demise of the Black Hand in June 1917 after the Salonika Trial, The White Hand steadily gained control of the young and ambitious Prince Alexander.
It continued the imperialistic work of the Black Hand, using the same techniques.
Black and was
It was certain now that Jess was in the house, but also, presumably, was Stacey Black.
Potemkin's Army of Ekaterinoslav, totaling, it was claimed, 40,000 regular troops and 6,000 irregulars of the Cossack Corps, had invested Islam's principal stronghold on the north shore of the Black Sea, the fortress town of Oczakov, and was preparing to test the Turk by land and sea.
But it had, as was usual in southern cities of this sort, a Black Bottom, a low region near the river where the Negroes lived -- servants and laborers huddled together in a region with no sewage save the river, where streets and sidewalks were neglected and where there was much poverty and crime.
The rest of Black Bottom was a rabbit warren of homes in every condition of neglect, disrepair and careful upkeep.
Mr. Justice Black was one of the minority that rested on the Article 1, power.
This mountain was known as The Black Reef and it rose almost perpendicularly for about two hundred feet, honeycombed with caves, top covered with dense scrub and creepers and tall grass.
Hank was beginning to feel sharp concern for Mr. Black.
If Mrs. Black was who he thought she was, Mr. Black's Peerless selling days might well be over.
Next on his program was a call to the Jackson office of Peerless Business Machines to find out if Vincent Black was still with them -- or, more specifically, still with us.
Thirty years' experience let him know, even at this early stage, that Black was his man.
Johnston was assigned to posts in New York and Missouri and served in the Black Hawk War in 1832 as chief of staff to Bvt.
Van Vogt's first published SF story, " Black Destroyer " ( Astounding Science Fiction, July 1939 ), was inspired by Voyage of the Beagle by Charles Darwin.
The score was written within a couple of weeks by Goodwin who was approached by George Pollock after Pollock had heard about him from Stanley Black.
Black sign language was born out of this isolation.
The Mariner's Cross is also referred to as St. Clement's Cross, in reference to the way this saint was martyred ( being tied to an anchor and thrown from a boat into the Black Sea in 102 ).
There are the Tubanti just south of the Chatti and at the other end of what was then the Black Forest, the Varisti, whose location is known.
Ptolemy's view of Germans in the region indicates that the tribal structure had lost its grip in the Black Forest region and was replaced by a canton structure.
Anacharsis (; ) was a Scythian philosopher who travelled from his homeland on the northern shores of the Black Sea to Athens in the early 6th century BC and made a great impression as a forthright, outspoken " barbarian ", apparently a forerunner of the Cynics, though none of his works have survived.
Black and founded
Consequently, the more zealous members of the Narodna Odbrana started a new secret society, and the Black Hand was founded.
He also began teaching at the Harlem Arts Workshop, founded by Augusta Savage in the basement of what is now the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture.
Davenport was founded on May 14, 1836 by Antoine LeClaire and was named for his friend, George Davenport, a colonel during the Black Hawk War stationed at nearby Fort Armstrong.
Geneva College was founded in 1848 in Northwood, Ohio, by John Black Johnston, a minister of the RPCNA.
A nomadic Turkic people, the Kipchaks ( also known as the Cumans ), replaced the earlier Pechenegs as the dominant force in the south steppe regions neighbouring to Rus ' at the end of the 11th century and founded a nomadic state in the steppes along the Black Sea ( Desht-e-Kipchak ).
He was particularly friendly with Joseph Black, and the two of them together with Adam Smith founded the Oyster Club for weekly meetings, with Hutton and Black finding a venue which turned out to have rather disreputable associations.
Approximately 3, 000 members of the Loyalist migration were Black Loyalists who founded the largest free Black settlement in North American at Birchtown, near Shelburne.
However unfair treatment and harsh conditions caused about one-third of the Black Loyalists to resettle in Sierra Leone in 1792 where they founded Freetown and became known in Africa as the Nova Scotian Settlers.
A student leader, he later founded the Black Consciousness Movement which would empower and mobilize much of the urban black population.
The Steve Biko Institute was founded in Salvador, Brazil to support the education and pride of Black Brazilians.
* The National Temperance Society and Publishing House is founded by James Black in the U. S.
* June 25 – Black Sea Economic Cooperation ( BSEC ) founded.
* The Black Watch is founded in Scotland.
It was founded by Henry Campbell Black.
The Christian community that became the Russian Orthodox Church is traditionally said to have been founded by the Apostle Andrew, who is thought to have visited Scythia and Greek colonies along the northern coast of the Black Sea.
When Pausanias visited the city of Triteia in the second century CE, he was told that the name of the city was derived from an eponymous Triteia, a daughter of Triton, and that it claimed to have been founded by her son ( with Ares ), one among several mythic heroes named Melanippus (" Black Horse ").
The Black Panther Party was founded by Oakland City College ( later Merritt College ) students Huey Newton and Bobby Seale.
" Shortly after it was founded, it was renamed Le Chat Noir ( The Black Cat ).
After the Fourth Crusade in 1204, a Byzantine successor state was founded there with support of Queen Tamar of Georgia, the Empire of Trebizond, which ruled part of the Black Sea coast from Trebizond until 1461, when its ruler, David, surrendered to Mehmed II, ruler of the Ottoman Empire.
The Black September Organization ( BSO ) (, Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-aswad ) was a Palestinian terrorist organization, founded in 1970.
Sinope is surely the colony of Sinope on the Black Sea ( originally founded from Miletus ).
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