The cubist generation before World War 1,, and, on a lower level, the surrealists of the period between the wars, both assumed an accepted universe of discourse, in which, to quote Andre Breton, it was possible to make definite advances, exactly as in the sciences.

* 1512 – The naval Battle of Saint-Mathieu, during the War of the League of Cambrai, sees the simultaneous destruction of the Breton ship La Cordelière and the English ship The Regent.

During the Anglo-French War ( 1627 – 1629 ), under Charles I, by 1629 the Kirkes took Quebec City, Sir James Stewart of Killeith, Lord Ochiltree planted a colony on Cape Breton Island at Baleine, Nova Scotia and Alexander ’ s son, William Alexander, 1st Earl of Stirling established the first incarnation of “ New Scotland ” at Port Royal.

* the Sydney Coal Field in the southeastern part of the island along the Atlantic Ocean drove the Industrial Cape Breton economy throughout the 19th and 20th centuries — until after World War II its industries were the largest private employers in Canada

The War of 1812 had some effect on the shipping industry in the Maritime colonies of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Cape Breton Island ; however, the significant Royal Navy presence in Halifax and other ports in the region prevented any serious attempts by American raiders.

The Maritimes also have a black population who are mostly descendants of African American loyalists or refugees from the War of 1812, largely concentrated in Nova Scotia but also in various communities throughout southern New Brunswick, Cape Breton ( where the black population is largely of West Indian descent ), and Prince Edward Island.

Industrial Cape Breton has historically been a region of labour activism, electing Co-operative Commonwealth Federation ( and later NDP ) MPs, and even produced many early members of the Communist Party of Canada in the pre-World War II era.

During the German occupation of Belgium in World War II he remained in Brussels, which led to a break with Breton.

* 1364 – Battle of Auray: English forces defeat the French in Brittany ; end of the Breton War of Succession.

Breton and his comrades supported Leon Trotsky and his International Left Opposition for a while, though there was an openness to anarchism that manifested more fully after World War II.

By the end of World War II the surrealist group led by André Breton decided to explicitly embrace anarchism.

* September 29 – Battle of Auray: The Breton War of Succession ends with the victory of the House of Montfort over Charles of Blois.

* The Breton War of Succession begins over the control of the Duchy of Brittany.

* Joanna of Flanders, military leader in the Breton War of Succession ( approximate date ; d. 1374 )

During the Breton War of Succession, in 1356 and 1357, the city was laid siege to by Henry of Grosmont, the Duke of Lancaster, cousin of the English king, but Bertrand du Guesclin slipped into the city and took over the resistance, which would ultimately be victorious.

The following years saw more direct involvement by English armies, including in the Breton War of Succession, but these interventions also proved fruitless at first.

During Queen Anne's War ( 1702 to 1713 ), the British Conquest of Acadia occurred in 1710, resulting in Nova Scotia, other than Cape Breton, being officially ceded to the British by the Treaty of Utrecht including Rupert's Land, that had been conquered by France in the late 17th century ( Battle of Hudson's Bay ).

During World War I he worked in a neurological ward in Nantes, where he met the devotee of Alfred Jarry, Jacques Vaché, whose anti-social attitude and disdain for established artistic tradition influenced Breton considerably.

Breton was again in the medical corps of the French Army at the start of World War II.

By the end of World War II André Breton decided to embrace anarchism explicitly.

Amherst gained fame during the Seven Years ' War, particularly in the North American campaign known in the United States as the French and Indian War when he led the British attack on Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island in June 1758.

Acquired in the early 16th century by Jean Le Breton, France's Controller-General for War under King Francis I, a new château was constructed around the original 14th-century keep where King Philip II of France once met Richard I of England to discuss peace.

Nicknamed " the Black Dog of Brocéliande ", du Guesclin fought the English during the Breton War of Succession and was an expert in the guerrilla warfare.

In 1341, the War of the Breton Succession allowed the English to place permanent garrisons in Brittany.

The constitutional ambiguity of Dukes of Brittany as vassals of both Valois France ( in right of Brittany ) and Plantagenet England ( in right of Richmond ) was the source of much tension in Breton and Northern English history, particularly during the great Breton War of Succession and Wars of the Roses.

This followed the Breton War of Succession, when English forces had supported John V, Duke of Brittany, against his rival for the Dukedom Charles of Blois, who was supported by France.

In 1235 the stage is set for the next century's Breton War of Succession when the Duke of Brittany Pierre Mauclerc disposed of the heir of the Penthièvre Dynasty in order to give the countship of Penthièvre to his second child, his daughter Yolande of Brittany.

Early 14th century representation of the War of Breton Succession

The Breton War of Succession was fought from 1341 to 1364 between the House of Blois and the House of Montfort.

One of the effects of the Breton War of Succession was to intensify the rivalries between England and France with Brittany as the contested prize.

After the Breton War of Succession, Brittany still had links with the English Crown through the Earldom of Richmond, until the Wars of the Roses.

The intrigues and contests between the House of Montfort and the House of Penthièvre continued well after the Breton War of Succession.

This battle was the decisive confrontation of the Breton War of Succession, a part of the Hundred Years ' War.

In 1342 – 43 he fought with Robert of Artois in the Breton War of Succession, and in 1343 helped negotiate the Truce of Malestroit.

He took part in the War of the Breton Succession as a partisan of Charles of Blois serving as advisor to John, Duke of Normandy during the latter ’ s campaign in Brittany autumn 1341.

After his death John de Montfort claimed his rights as Duke, but French monarchy supported the Blois faction, triggering the Breton War of Succession ( 1341 – 1364 ), which opposed the House of Blois to the House of Montfort.

She was one of the protagonists of the Breton War of Succession.

When John died in 1345 in the midst of the Breton War of Succession, his wife Joanna of Flanders took arms to protect the rights of her son John V, Duke of Brittany against the party led by Charles and Joan.

The Breton War of Succession was a conflict between the Houses of Blois and Montfort for control of the Duchy of Brittany.

The British government had intended that the Crown take over the operation of the mines when Cape Breton was made a colony, but this was never done, probably because of the rehabilitation cost of the mines.

Crevel, who according to Salvador Dalí, was " the only serious communist among surrealists " was isolated from Breton and other surrealists, who were unhappy with Crevel because of his homosexuality and annoyed with communists in general.

William of Malmesbury wrote that Constance was unpopular at the Breton court because of her ' sever and conservative ' manner.

The name Quimper comes from the Breton kemper " confluent " because the city was built on the confluence of the Steir, Odet and Jet rivers.

There remain many Brythonic place-names in northern England which should not be described as Cumbric because they originate from a period before Brythonic split into its daughter dialects e. g. Welsh, Cornish, Breton and – arguably – Cumbric.

Bellmer's work was welcomed in the Parisian art culture of the time, especially the Surrealists around André Breton, because of the references to female beauty and the sexualization of the youthful form.

Perhaps because of this wide-ranging appeal and lack of regional uniqueness, the instrument was somewhat ignored during the Breton folk revival in the mid-20th century.

: I call Kay Sage a Surrealist because her painting resonates with the unsettling paradoxes and hallucinatory qualities prized by André Breton and his group.

His father, a primary teacher, raised him speaking French, although he spoke Breton fluently, because he did not see the point in teaching Breton to his son.

This version was fictionalised by Arthur Conan Doyle in his historical novel Sir Nigel, in which Bemborough ( called Richard of Bambro ' in the novel ) accepts the rules of the challenge in a chivalric spirit, but the Franco-Bretons only win because one of the Breton squires mounts his horse, when the conflict was supposed to be on foot, and rides upon the English crushing them.

Probably because he feared losing his benefices ( which he held under Erispoe ) if Louis the Stammerer were allowed to become king at Le Mans, Salomon colluded with the otherwise unknown Almarchus to assassinate his cousin Erispoe and seize the Breton throne in 857.

William of Malmesbury wrote that Constance was unpopular at the Breton court because of her " sever and conservative " manner.

At the 1872 Congress of the Breton Association at Saint-Brieuc, he argued that the songs had been completely manufactured in the manner of MacPherson, because, he said, he had never himself met with ballads in such elegant Breton and free of borrowed French words.

Later he changed it to Petit-Breton, because there already was another cyclist called Lucien Breton.

Timing is a notable trait of Cape Breton music because good timing brings dancing alive.

Chlotar gave battle to the combined forces of Chanao and Chram, and his army was successful ; the Breton leader was killed, and Chram, delayed in making his escape by sea because of his concern for his family's safety, was captured.

While Anselm was in exile after quarrelling with the King in 1097, Thomas consecrated Herbert de Losinga as Bishop of Norwich, Ralph de Luffa to the See of Chichester, and Hervey le Breton as Bishop of Bangor, an unusual step because these dioceses were in Canterbury's province, and it was Anselm's right to consecrate the new bishops.

The term " Breizh Izel " is mentioned numerous times in Breton songs of the 19th century and 20th century, possibly because the Breton word " Izel " holds no negative connotations.