These reactions are studied in the CRESU experiment.

CRESU experiments have been used to show deviations from Arrhenius kinetics at low temperatures: as the temperature is reduced, the rate constant actually increases.

Essentially, the CRESU technique provides a " wall-less flow tube ," which allows the kinetics of gas phase reactions to be investigated at much lower temperatures than otherwise possible.

By studying how quickly the reagent species disappears in the presence of differing concentrations of a ( usually stable ) co-reagent species the reaction rate constant at the low temperature of the CRESU flow can be determined.

There are relatively few CRESU apparatuses in existence for the simple reason that the gas throughput and pumping requirements are huge, which makes them expensive to run.

A more recent development has been a pulsed version of the CRESU, which requires far less gas and therefore smaller pumps.

Reactions studied by the CRESU technique typically have no significant activation energy barrier.

Along with scientist William Ramsay at University College, London, Lord Rayleigh theorized that the nitrogen extracted from air was mixed with another gas, leading to an experiment that successfully isolated a new element, argon, from the Greek word (, " inactive ").

Argon ( αργος, Greek meaning " inactive ", in reference to its chemical inactivity ) was suspected to be present in air by Henry Cavendish in 1785 but was not isolated until 1894 by Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay in Scotland in an experiment in which they removed all of the oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen from a sample of clean air.

Internally, Alpha processors were also identified by EV numbers, EV officially standing for " Extended VAX " but having an alternative humorous meaning of " Electric Vlasic ", giving homage to the Electric Pickle experiment at Western Research Lab.

The two main conclusions of the experiment are that people work harder when their work seems more meaningful, and that people underestimate the relationship between meaning and motivation.

, a Latin phrase meaning " the war of all against all ", is the description that Thomas Hobbes gives to human existence in the state of nature thought experiment that he conducts in De Cive ( 1642 ) and Leviathan ( 1651 ).

who worked as a " junior uniformed civilian employee " of the Japanese Army in Unit 731, the term Maruta came from German, meaning medical experiment, used in such contexts as, " How many logs fell?

The experiment was not originally carried out under any special controlled atmospheric conditions, meaning that the viscosity could vary throughout the year with fluctuations in temperature.

While these musicians may not sound similar to earlier cool artists, they share the same values: " clarity of expression ; subtlety of meaning ; a willingness to depart from the standard rhythms of hot jazz and learn from other genres of music ; a preference for emotion rather than mere emoting ; progressive ambitions and a tendency to experiment ; above all, a dislike for bombast.

Finding this " bridge " involves an abstraction process that necessarily goes beyond logical inference, theory and experiment and involves an element of " art ", because it must establish an appropriate connection between the language used, the intersubjective interactions between the surveyor and the respondent, and how respondents and those who process the data construct the meaning of what is being asked of them.

The puzzles were described as less difficult and more contained, meaning that players did not have to experiment with switches and then click several screens away to see the effect, as in Riven.

Here " local " has a very special meaning: not only must the experiment not look outside the laboratory, but it must also be small compared to variations in the gravitational field, tidal forces, so that the entire laboratory is freely falling.

In the original meaning of this term however it would be impossible to refer to a study's ' ecological validity ' since this can only be a property of stimuli used in a perceptual experiment.

Additionally, when Billy is trying to explain the rules regarding the mogwai to staff in the building, the staff find them quite absurd and derisively interrogate Billy on their precise meaning ; at one point considering the thought experiment of a mogwai in a plane which crosses a time zone.

With Matthew Meselson, Stahl conducted the famous Meselson-Stahl experiment showing that DNA is replicated by a semiconservative mechanism, meaning that each strand of the DNA serves as a template for the " replicated " strand.

In one such experiment, subjects maintained a higher recall value in words chosen by meaning over words selected by numerical order.

While Harress himself misunderstood the meaning of the result, it was shown by Laue that the theoretical explanation of Harress ' experiment is in accordance with the Sagnac effect.

XULRunner is a " technology experiment ", not a shipped product, meaning there are no " official " XULRunner releases, only stable builds based on the same code as a corresponding Firefox release.

It is only expected after DEMO, meaning a post-2050 timeline, and may or may not be a second part of DEMO / PROTO experiment.

Mikhail Tyurin, Expedition 14 flight engineer works with the Test of Reaction and Adaptation Capabilities ( TRAC ) experiment in the Destiny laboratory of the ISS.

These included a Continuous Flow Electrophoresis System experiment to study the separation of biological components, and a Mono-disperse Latex Reactor experiment, to produce uniform micrometre-sized latex particles.

* 1982-The first Synoptic Flow experiment is flown around Hurricane Debby to help define the large scale atmospheric winds that steer the storm.

The McDonnell Douglas-sponsored Continuous Flow Electrophoresis System ( CFES ) experiment, using living cells, was more elaborate than the one flown on previous missions, and payload specialist Walker operated it for more than 100 hours during the flight.

Cargo bay and middeck payloads included the Interim Operational Contamination Monitor ( IOCM ), Terra Scout, Military Man in Space ( M88-1 ), Air Force Maui Optical System ( AMOS ), Cosmic Radiation Effects and Activation Monitor ( CREAM ), Shuttle Activation Monitor ( SAM ), Radiation Monitoring Equipment III ( RME III ), Visual Function Tester-1 ( VFT-1 ), Ultraviolet Plume Instrument ( UVPI ), Bioreactor Flow, Particle Trajectory experiment, and Extended Duration Orbiter Medical Project, a series of investigations in support of Extended Duration Orbiter.

Other duties were operation of the Geophysical Fluid Flow Cell ( GFFC ), Urinary Monitoring System ( UMS ), and the Ionization States of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Ray Heavy Nuclei ( IONS ) experiment.

USML-2 Experiments included: the Surface Tension Driven Convection Experiment ( STDCE ), the Drop Physics Module, the Drop Dynamics Experiment ; the Science and Technology of Surface-Controlled Phenomena experiment ; the Geophysical Fluid Flow Cell Experiment ; the Crystal Growth Furnace, the Orbital Processing of High Quality Cadmium Zinc Telluride Compound Semiconductors experiment ; the Study of Dopant Segregation Behavior During the Crystal Growth of Gallium Arsenide ( GaAs ) in Microgravity experiment ; the Crystal Growth of Selected II-VI Semiconducting Alloys by Directional Solidification experiment ; the Vapor Transport Crystal Growth of Mercury Cadmium Tellurida in Microgravity experiment ; the Zeolite Crystal Growth Furnace ( ZCG ), the Interface Configuration Experiment ( ICE ), the Oscillatory Thermocapillary Flow Experiment ; the Fiber Supported Droplet Combustion Experiment ; the Particle Dispersion Experiment ; the Single-Locker Protein Crystal Growth experiment ; ( including the Protein Crystallization Apparatus for Microgravity ( PCAM ) and the Diffusion-controlled Crystallization Apparatus for Microgravity ( DCAM )); the Crystal Growth by Liquid-Liquid Diffusion, the Commercial Protein Crystal Growth experiment ; the Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility, Crystallization of Apocrystacyanin C experiment ; Crystal Structure Analysis of the Bacteriophage Lambda Lysozyme, Crystallization of RNA Molecules Under Microgravity Conditions experiment ; Crystallization of the Protein Grb2 and Triclinic Lysozyme experiment ; Microgravity Crystallization of Thermophilic Aspartyl-tRNA Synthetase and Thaumatin experiment ; Crystallization in a Microgravity Environment of CcdB experiment ; A Multivariate Analysis of X-ray Diffraction Data Obtained from Glutathione S Transferase experiment ; Protein Crystal Growth: Light-driven Charge Translocation Through Bacteriorhodopsin experiment ; Crystallization of Ribosome experiment ; Crystallization of Sulfolobus Solfataricus Alcohol Dehydrogenase experiment ; Crystallization of Turnip Yellow Mosaic Virus, Tomato Aspermy Virus, Satellite Panicum Mosaic Virus, Canavalin, Beef Liver Catalase, Concanavalin B experiment ; Crystallization of the Epidermal Growth Factor ( EGF ); Structure of the Membrane-Embedded Protein Complex Photosystem I ; Crystallization of Visual Pigment Rhodopsin ; Commercial Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus ; Astroculture Facility and Experiment.

* An experiment involving a superconducting quantum interference device (" SQUID ") has been linked to theme of the thought experiment: " The superposition state does not correspond to a billion electrons flowing one way and a billion others flowing the other way.

In probability theory, a probability space or a probability triple is a mathematical construct that models a real-world process ( or " experiment ") consisting of states that occur randomly.

In turn, El-Dabh's music influenced Frank Zappa's use of tape loops in the mid-1960s, and Stockhausen's music influenced The Beatles to experiment with tape loops ; their use of loops in early psychedelic works ( most notably 1966's " Tomorrow Never Knows " and 1968's avant-garde " Revolution 9 ") brought the technique into the mainstream.

* An experiment involving a superconducting quantum interference device (" SQUID ") has been linked to theme of the thought experiment: " The superposition state does not correspond to a billion electrons flowing one way and a billion others flowing the other way.

Given an inelastic reaction with total incoming energy larger than the total detected energy ( i. e. not all outgoing particles are detected in the experiment ), the invariant mass ( also known as the " missing mass ") of the reaction is defined as follows:

* Remote experiment on electron diffraction ( choose English and then " Labs ")

In 1999, four authors, the Australian mathematician Brendan McKay, the Israeli mathematicians Dror Bar-Natan and Gil Kalai, and the Israeli psychologist Maya Bar-Hillel ( collectively known as " MBBK ") published a paper in Statistical Science, in which they argue that the case of Witztum, Rips and Rosenberg ( WRR ) is " fatally defective, indeed that their result merely reflects on the choices made in designing their experiment and collecting the data for it.

Taking place a century before the events of " Space Seed ," the episodes (" Borderland ," " Cold Station 12 ," and " The Augments ") featured a group of people from the same genetic experiment that produced Khan and his people.

During his travel to Egypt, Herodotus heard that Psammetichus (" Psamṯik ") sought to discover the origin of language by conducting an experiment with two children.

According to Elliott, the first reaction to her exercise ( Elliott prefers not to refer it as an " experiment ") was in the teachers ’ lounge at lunchtime the day she did the exercise for the first time.

The show bought control of a botnet of some 22, 000 infected computers ( for " a few thousand dollars ") from a Russian hacker, and used it to send spam to an email address set up for the experiment and to perform a Distributed Denial of Service ( DDoS ) attack on a website setup by Prev-X ( an internet security company that provided technical support for the show ).

" Daryl " ( whose name is an acronym for " Data-Analysing Robot Youth Lifeform ") ( Barret Oliver ) is an experiment in artificial intelligence, created by the government.

On March 26 the cosmonauts performed the Illuminator (" viewing port ") experiment, which studied the degradation of the station ’ s viewports.

Depending on the results of this first assay, the researcher can perform follow up assays within the same screen by " cherrypicking " liquid from the source wells that gave interesting results ( known as " hits ") into new assay plates, and then re-running the experiment to collect further data on this narrowed set, confirming and refining observations.

According to the show's storyline, as part of an experiment to see how bad movies affected a person's mind, mad scientists Dr. Clayton Forrester and Dr. Laurence Erhardt ( aka " The Mads ") kidnap Joel, place him on the Satellite of Love, and shoot him into space.

* the outcome of an experiment (" success " or " failure ")

He continues to experiment with different combinations of these and more electronic elements, especially on 1 Douar (" One Earth ") ( 1998 ) and Explore ( 2006 ).

where, for example, N < sub >++</ sub > is the number of simultaneous occurrences (" coincidences ") of the outcome + 1 on both sides of the experiment.

The other areas ( called " Fuji ", " Nikko " and " Oho ") are currently not actively used by an experiment.

Each figure represents a different character: a queen, which he claims was his first experiment, a king which is madly in love with the Queen and has a resemblance to Henry VIII, an archbishop which disapproves of what the King is doing, the Devil ( a man in a black suit ), a dancer, a mermaid ( grown from " an experiment with seaweed ") which lives in water.