An attempt by the French government to incorporate the independent Breton-language immersion schools ( called Diwan ) into the state education system was blocked by the French Constitutional Council on the grounds that, as the 1992 amendment to the Constitution of the 5th Republic states that French is the language of the Republic, no other language may be used as a language of instruction in state schools.

Colombia's highest judicial organs include the Supreme Court, the Council of State, the Constitutional Court, and the Superior Judicial Council.

It created some new institutions, such as the Constitutional Tribunal and the controversial National Security Council ( COSENA ).

::: Where the institutions of the Republic, the independence of the Nation, the integrity of its territory or the fulfilment of its international commitments are under serious and immediate threat, and where the proper functioning of the constitutional public authorities is interrupted, the President of the Republic shall take measures required by these circumstances, after formally consulting the Prime Minister, the Presidents of the Houses of Parliament and the Constitutional Council. He shall address the Nation and inform it of such measures. The measures shall be designed to provide the constitutional public authorities as swiftly as possible, with the means to carry out their duties.

The Constitutional Act stipulated that the provincial government would consist of the Lieutenant-Governor, an appointed Executive Council and Legislative Council, and an elected Legislative Assembly.

** The president may also refer the law for review to the Constitutional Council prior to promulgation.

* The president names certain members of the Constitutional Council.

Where the institutions of the Republic, the independence of the Nation, the integrity of its territory or the fulfilment of its international commitments are under serious and immediate threat, and where the proper functioning of the constitutional public authorities is interrupted, the President of the Republic shall take the measures required by these circumstances, after formally consulting the Prime Minister, the Presidents of the assemblies and the Constitutional Council.

The Constitutional Council shall be consulted with regard to such measures.

According to article 7 of the Constitution, if the presidency becomes vacant for any reason, or if the president becomes incapacitated, upon the request of the gouvernement, the Constitutional Council may rule, by a majority vote, that the presidency is to be temporarily assumed by the President of the Senate.

* Judiciary: The Constitutional Court, Supreme Court, Supreme Court of Arbitration and lower federal courts, whose judges are appointed by the Federation Council on the recommendation of the President, interpret laws and can overturn laws they deem unconstitutional.

The United States government does not believe that the final version of the Protocol is consistent with the United States ' First Amendment Constitutional rights and has informed the Council of Europe that the United States will not become a Party to the protocol.

To effect that, President Chirac ordered Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin to seize the Constitutional Council of France, whose decision would allow repealing the law.

The Constitutional Council judged that history textbook regulation is not the domain of the law, but of the administrative reglementation, and the article was repealed in early 2006.

The Cour de Cassation ( Highest Appeals Court, equivalent to the U. S. Supreme Court ) and the Constitutional Council, the justices of which are named by the President, are the nation's highest tribunals.

Member of the Constitutional Council of France: Since 2007.

After northern candidate Alassane Ouattara was declared the victor of the 2010 Ivorian presidential election by the country's Independent Electoral Commission ( CEI ), the President of the Constitutional Council – an ally of Gbagbo – declared the results to be invalid and that Gbagbo was the winner.

On July 7, 2012, at their annual convention, the National Council of the Japanese American Citizens League unanimously ratified the Power of Words Handbook, calling for the use of "... truthful and accurate terms, and retiring the misleading euphemisms created by the government to cover up the denial of Constitutional and human rights, the force, oppressive conditions, and racism against 120, 000 innocent people of Japanese ancestry locked up in America ’ s World War II concentration camps.

* Simone Veil – French lawyer and politician who served as Minister of Health, President of the European Parliament and member of the Constitutional Council of France.

To consider but one example, the First Amendment to the United States Constitution states " Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof "— but interpretation ( that is, determining the fine boundaries, and resolving the tension between the " establishment " and " free exercise " clauses ) of each of the important terms was delegated by Article III of the Constitution to the judicial branch, so that the current legal boundaries of the Constitutional text can only be determined by consulting the common law.

The preamble of the Constitution Party platform " gratefully acknowledges the blessing of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ as Creator, Preserver and Ruler of the Universe and of these United States ," and supports the Constitutional provision in Article VI, Section 3 that " no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States " and calls on all those who love liberty and value their inherent rights to join with them in the pursuit of their goals.

" Ultimately, the Constitutional Convention decided upon the present language in Article I, Section 10, which says: " No state shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty of tonnage ...."

This establishes an important precedent in Egypt ’ s legal tradition, by which the Supreme Constitutional Court shall have the right of prior review of national legislation to decide on its compatibility with the Constitution.

In case the People ’ s Assembly is dissolved at such a time the chief justice of the Supreme Constitutional Court shall take over the presidency on condition that neither shall nominate himself for the presidency.

The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Croatia shall repeal a law if it finds it to be unconstitutional.

( 1 ) The Constitutional Court shall be the main authority for constitutional protection.

( 2 ) The Constitutional Court shall

( 4 ) Acting pursuant to its jurisdiction under section c )- d ) of paragraph ( 2 ), the Constitutional Court shall review the constitutionality of laws on the State Budget and its implementation, on central taxes, fees and customs duties, pension and health care contributions, as well as on the content of the statues concerning uniform requirements on local taxes only if the petition refers exclusively to the right to life and human dignity, the right to the protection of personal data, the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion or the right connected to the Hungarian citizenship, if the conditions defined for adopting and promulgating the law have not been met.

The Hungarian Constitution declares that members of the Constitutional Court shall be elected by Parliament.

Impartiality is guaranteed by having proposed members of the Constitutional Court to be put forward by a nominating committee consisting of one member each from the factions of parties represented in Parliament and shall be elected by a two-thirds majority of all Members of Parliament.

In Parliament, beginning on November 18, 1914, Swift MacNeill, a Protestant Irish Nationalist and Constitutional scholar who served as Member of Parliament for South Donegal, condemned the Dukes of Albany and Cumberland as traitors and demanding to know " what steps will be taken to secure that shall no longer retain United Kingdom peerages and titles and a seat in the House of Lords.

His widow brought a celebrated test case arguing that judges could not be required to pay income tax as this breached the Constitutional guarantee that their incomes shall not be reduced.

However, in February 2006 the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany struck down these provisions of the law, stating such preventive measures were unconstitutional and would essentially be state-sponsored murder, even if such an act would save many more lives on the ground.

Moreover, the Territory's Constitutional Commission has expressed the view that " every effort should be made ", to encourage the use of the name " Virgin Islands ".

In September 2000 the Constitutional Court rejected an argument by former president Arias that a 1969 constitutional amendment banning presidential reelection be rescinded.

Constitutional monarchy ( or limited monarchy ) is a form of government in which a monarch acts as head of state within the parameters of a constitution, whether it be a written, uncodified, or blended constitution.

Constitutional laws may often be considered second order rulemaking or rules about making rules to exercise power.

This means receiving the encrypted programming of DishNetwork or DirecTV, even with a grey market subscription, may be construed as unlawful ( this remains an unresolved Constitutional issue ).

On 14 June, 2012, the Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt ordered the People's Assembly to be dissolved, citing irregularities in the election of members.

There is no " Constitutional Court "-the constitutionality of a law can be contested only as applied to an individual court case.

The main difference between the Federal Constitutional Court and the Federal Court of Justice is that the Federal Constitutional Court may only be called if a constitutional matter within a case is in question ( e. g. a possible violation of human rights in a criminal trial ), while the Federal Court of Justice may be called in any case.

:::( 2 ) President of the Republic may be prosecuted for high treason at the Constitutional Court based on the Senate's suit.

Constitutional reforms continue to be debated in the island.

In addition to Miranda confession may be challenged under the Massiah Doctrine, the Voluntariness Standard, Provisions of Federal and State rules of criminal procedure and State Constitutional provisions.

Constitutional rights are protected under common law and are strengthened by the Bill of Rights Act 1990 and Human Rights Act 1993, although these are not entrenched and can be overturned by Parliament with a simple majority.