Under the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000, many public rights of way in England and Wales that authorities had not explicitly classified as Bridleway or Byway defaulted to the classification " Restricted Byway " which precludes the use of motor vehicles at all times, except authorised vehicles and where required for access.

Access to cultivated land is restricted to bridleways, public footpaths, and permissive paths, with most ( but not all ) uncultivated areas in England and Wales having right of access for walking under the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000.

The new owners, however, erected signs closing footpaths and obtained an exemption from the public " rights to roam " enabled in the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000.

Collectors can, in the UK, following the enactment of the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000, risk imprisonment for up to six months for the possession of the eggs of wild birds.

SSSIs were originally set up by the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949, but the current legal framework for SSSIs is provided by the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, amended in 1985 and further substantially amended in 2000 ( by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 ), in Scotland by the Nature Conservation ( Scotland ) Act 2004 and in Northern Ireland by the Nature Conservation and Amenity Lands ( Northern Ireland ) Order 1985.

This loophole was closed by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000.

* Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000

However, further regulation and protection of AONBs was added by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000, and the Government has recently stated that AONBs and national parks have equal status when it comes to planning consent and other sensitive issues.

2000-The Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 strengthened protection of SSSIs ; by increased English Nature's enforcement power ( allowed to combat neglect, prevent damaging activity, make public bodies responsible for conservation and enhancement of SSSIs ) and increasing penalties for damage to a maximum of £ 20, 000 per offence ( along with court power to order restoration if damage occurs ).

* Up to £ 5, 000 fine ( incidents involving SSSIs can now incur fines of up to £ 20, 000 under amendments made by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 ).

Town and village greens were defined in the Commons Registration Act 1965, as amended by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000, as land:

However, further regulation and protection of AONBs was added by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000.

The path is covered by England's right-of-way laws, as amended by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000, that keep historic foot paths open to the public even when they pass through private property.

The attractions of Exmoor include 208 Scheduled monuments, 16 conservation areas, and other open access land as designated by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000.

Even such popular sites as Chrome Hill and Parkhouse Hill in the Peak District – although of very little economic interest to the owner – had been out of access to the public, until the enactment of the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000.

The Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 ( CROW ) was gradually implemented from 2000 onwards to give the general public the conditional right to walk in certain areas of the English and Welsh countryside: principally downland, moorland, heathland and coastal land.

The rights confirmed in the Scottish legislation are greater than the limited rights of access created in England and Wales by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 ( CRoW ).

* England and Wales Countryside Rights Of Way act fact sheets

In England and Wales, access has in the past been confined to public rights of way, but currently wider areas have been opened up to public access by the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000.

The Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 provides that paths that are not recorded on the definitive map by 2026 and that were in use prior to 1949 will automatically be stopped up on 1 January 2026.

Since the 2006 Regulations to the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 BOATs should more properly be referred to as Byways.

This process was slow as it involved research into historic usage and often public enquiries, and so was not completed by the time the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 was passed.

On 2 May 2006 the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000 reclassified all remaining Roads Used as Public Paths as restricted byways.

Between the Ridgeway and Peddars Way, parts of the original line of the Icknield Way had been covered in tarmac or built over, so a route was devised that avoids walking on roads, and in 1992 this was designated by the Countryside Commission as a Regional Route called the Icknield Way Path.

The Pennine Way has long been popular with walkers, and in 1990 the Countryside Commission reported that 12, 000 long-distance walkers and 250, 000 day-walkers were using all or part of the trail per year and that walkers contributed £ 2 million ( 1990 ) to the local economy along the route, directly maintaining 156 jobs.

* National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949

In the UK it was made illegal to spread Japanese knotweed by the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.

In the UK, it is an offence under section 14 ( 2 ) of the Wildlife and Countryside act 1981 to " plant or otherwise cause to grow in the wild " any plant listed in Schedule nine, Part II to the Act, which includes Japanese knotweed.

The national parks of England and Wales are areas of relatively undeveloped and scenic landscape that are designated under the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949.

This early vision, based in the Picturesque movement, took over a century, and much controversy, to take legal form in the UK with the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949.

The National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 was passed with all party support.

The National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949 which led to the creation of the English and Welsh national parks defined two purposes for national park authorities relating to conservation and enjoyment.

The Commons Registration Act ( 1965 ) provided for the registration of all commons and village greens, whilst under the Countryside Act of 1968, local authorities could provide facilities “ for enjoyment of such lands to which the public has access ”.

These doubts were rejected in 2005 when members of the Countryside Alliance unsuccessfully challenged the validity of the Hunting Act 2004, which had been passed under the auspices of the Act.

In the UK, the Smooth Newt is protected under Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act ( 1981 ) with respect to sale only.

Following a review by Christopher Haskins, Baron Haskins of Skidby of several Government organisations involved in rural policy and delivery, the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 merged those parts of the Countryside Agency charged with environmental activity with English Nature and parts of the Rural Development Service to form Natural England.

The census of 2000 provides some bizarre and obviously incorrect demographics for Countryside.

* Countryside Council for Wales, ( 2000 ).

These include Self-Portrait with Black Dog ( c. 1842 – 1844, accepted for exhibition at the 1844 Paris Salon ), the theatrical Self-Portrait which is also known as Desperate Man ( c. 1843 – 45 ), Lovers in the Countryside ( 1844, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Lyon ), The Sculptor ( 1845 ), The Wounded Man ( 1844 – 1854, Musée d ' Orsay, Paris ), The Cellist, Self-Portrait ( 1847, Nationalmuseum, Stockholm, shown at the 1848 Salon ), and The Man with a Pipe ( c. 1848 – 1849, Musée d ' Orsay, Paris ).

9 Countryside, Kansas $ 37, 129

Tansley's For Kett and Countryside ( 1910 ), Jack Lindsay's The Great Oak ( 1949 ), Sylvia Haymon's children's story The Loyal Traitor ( 1965 ), and Margaret Callow's A Rebellious Oak ( 2012 ); plays, including George Colman Green's Kett the tanner ( 1909 ); and poetry, including Keith Chandler's collection Kett's Rebellion and Other Poems ( 1982 ).

) Under the name Deep Tides, Leopold Stokowski orchestrated The Tides of Manaunaun as the first of four Tales of Our Countryside ( aka Four Irish Tales ), which he recorded in 1941.

The Countryside Council for Wales ( CCW ; ), a Welsh Government Sponsored Body, is Wales's wildlife conservation authority.

In short, the act gives protection to native species ( especially those at threat ), controls the release of non-native species, enhances the protection of SSSIs and builds upon the rights of way rules in the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949.

It is one of only a handful of water bodies in the country to contain Holly-leaved Naiad ( Najas marina ), a species on the flowering plant section of the list of endangered species in the British Isles and is protected under Schedule 8 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.

In England and Wales metal detecting is legal provided that permission is granted by the landowner, and that the area is not a Scheduled Ancient Monument, a site of special scientific interest ( SSSI ), or covered by elements of the Countryside Stewardship Scheme.

In 1949 he oversaw Part 3 of The National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act which established a British state research council for natural sciences and ' biological service ', The Nature Conservancy ( 1949 – 1973 ), and allowed for the legal protection of National Nature Reserves and Sites of Special Scientific Interest ( SSSI ).

In addition to those weeds covered by the 1959 act, under section 14 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, it can be an offence to plant or grow certain specified plants in the wild ( see Schedule 9 to the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 ), including Giant Hogweed and Japanese Knotweed.

They have purchased the only butchers ' shop on the island ( closed February 2010 ), created a community run Countryside Ranger service, instigated various recycling initiatives and provide a fundraising and training consultancy.

* Conflicts in the Countryside: The New Battle for Britain ( 2005 ), Shaw & Sons, ISBN 0-7219-1670-8

There is a neolithic oval barrow near the top of Whiteleaf Hill, Monks Risborough, Buckinghamshire ( National Grid: SP 822040 ), which was first excavated by Sir Lindsay Scott between 1934 and 1939 and re-excavated from 2002 to 2006 by Oxford Archaeology ( assisted by the Princes Risborough Countryside Group ).

* Hou Yilan plays Manchu Countryside Capriccio ( 金翎思-滿鄉隨想 ), Composed by Hanli Liu

The Great Orme is run as a nature reserve by the Conwy County Borough Countryside Service, with a number of protective designations ( including Special Area of Conservation, Heritage Coast, Country Park, and Site of Special Scientific Interest ), being an area long by wide.