The Supreme Court of Virginia has stated that '" This Court has repeatedly held that the effect of an appeal to circuit court is to " annul the judgment of the inferior tribunal as completely as if there had been no previous trial.

Narayanan – AIR India Reporter 1988 Court Page No. 1381 ; 1988 Volume No. 3 SCC Court Cases Page No. 366 ; 1988 PLJR 78 – Although an affidavit may be taken as proof of the facts stated therein, the Courts have no jurisdiction to admit evidence by way of affidavit.

Gross stated, " Should the Commissioner falter in proving alleged wrongdoing, the Court may allow LAD ( Los Angeles Dodgers ) to take further, limited discovery.

The government took no action, and handed the final parts of Bakassi over to Cameroon on 14 August 2008 as planned, but a Federal High Court had stated this should be delayed until all accommodations for resettled Bakassians had been settled ; the government did not seem to plan to heed this court order, and did set the necessary mechanisms into motion to override it.

In the United States, the power of the federal judiciary to review and invalidate unconstitutional acts of the federal executive branch is stated in the constitution, Article III sections 1 and 2: " The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish.

The Divisional Court has stated that this power applies in three circumstances:

In its sentence from September 1997, the International Court of Justice stated that both sides breached their obligation and that the 1977 Budapest Treaty is still valid.

He stated: " If the Supreme Court says that you have the right to consensual sex within your home, then you have the right to bigamy, you have the right to polygamy, you have the right to incest, you have the right to adultery.

When interviewed about it, he stated, “ I certainly believe that people who are in pain should be helped and assisted in every way possible, that the drugs should be used to mitigate their pain but I believe the law of the United States of America which requires that drugs not be used except for legitimate health purposes .” " Attorney General Ashcroft Asks Supreme Court To Ban Assisted Suicide – California Healthline.

In the Court Advisory Opinion of July 9, 2004, in the matter of the construction of a wall in the “ Occupied Palestinian Territory ”, the Bench erroneously stated:

Court, CEO of Martial Arts Channel, stated the total revenue of the US martial arts industry at USD 40 billion and the number of US practitioners at 30 million in 2003.

The U. S. Supreme Court stated Bonham's Case did not set a precedent in the United States to make common law supreme over statutory law:

In Statement 9, the Court stated that the U. S. encouraged human rights violations by the Contras by the manual entitled Psychological Operations in Guerrilla Warfare.

Although the Court called on the United States to " cease and to refrain " from the unlawful use of force against Nicaragua and stated that the US was in " in breach of its obligation under customary international law not to use force against another state " and ordered it to pay reparations, the United States refused to comply.

The United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit has stated:

The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit has stated:

In the United States, which uses a common law system in its state courts and to a lesser extent in its federal courts, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals has stated:

The United States Supreme Court has stated that where a court gives multiple reasons for a given result, each alternative reason that is " explicitly " labeled by the court as an " independent " ground for the decision is not treated as " simply a dictum.

The Supreme Court, in a sitting of at least five judges, may find the President " permanently incapacitated ", while the Oireachtas may remove the President for " stated misbehaviour ".

It should be noted that neither the National Assembly nor the Supreme Court has actually defined what the term " existing national boundaries ," as stated in the constitution, actually means.

Marshall appealed, but the Indiana Supreme Court upheld the decision in a judgment which stated that the Constitution of Indiana could not be replaced in total without a constitutional convention, based on the precedent set by Indiana's first two constitutions.

In Carroll v. United States,, the Supreme Court stated that probable cause to search is a flexible, common-sense standard.

The doctrine was first articulated by the Supreme Court in Hester v. United States,, which stated that “ the special protection accorded by the Fourth Amendment to the people in their ‘ persons, houses, papers, and effects ,’ is not extended to the open fields.

For lawyers, reflecting perhaps their parochial preferences, there has been a special fascination since then in the role played by the Supreme Court in that transformation -- the manner in which its decisions altered in `` the switch in time that saved nine '', President Roosevelt's ill-starred but in effect victorious `` Court-packing plan '', the imprimatur of judicial approval that was finally placed upon social legislation.

By these measures, Congress, so the Court ( in effect ) now decides, gave not only needless but inadequate relief, since it now appears that the federal courts have inherent power to sterilize the Act of 1875 against all proceedings challenging local regulation ''.

However, the Attorney General of California, at the request of the Secretary of Labor, sought to have the jurisdiction over the issue removed to the Federal District Court, on grounds that it was predominantly a Federal issue since the validity of the Secretary's Regulation was being challenged.

However, the Federal Court held that since the State had accepted the provisions of the Wagner-Peyser Act into its own Code, and presumably therefore also the regulations, it was now a State matter.

As a school district, the District of Columbia has had desegregated schools since 1954, shortly after the Supreme Court decision.

Judicial opinion since the Supreme Court decision on Shelley v. Kraemer ( 1948 ) has rendered racial restrictive covenants unenforcible.

Examples of such courts include the New Jersey Court of Errors and Appeals ( which existed from 1844 to 1947 ), the Connecticut Supreme Court of Errors ( which has been renamed the Connecticut Supreme Court ), the Kentucky Court of Errors ( renamed the Kentucky Supreme Court ), and the Mississippi High Court of Errors and Appeals ( since renamed the Supreme Court of Mississippi ).

After extensive debate, the U. S. Senate confirmed Thomas to the Supreme Court by a vote of 52 – 48 ; the narrowest margin since the 19th century.

Stephen Breyer, a U. S. Supreme Court Justice since 1994, divides the history of administrative law in the United States into six discrete periods, according to his book, Administrative Law & Regulatory Policy ( 3d Ed., 1992 ):

St. Gregory VII having, indeed, abridged the order of prayers, and having simplified the Liturgy as performed at the Roman Court, this abridgment received the name of Breviary, which was suitable, since, according to the etymology of the word, it was an abridgment.

In the UK, since 2009, the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom has the authority to overrule and unify decisions of lower courts.

* International Criminal Court ( party since 2005 )

* Second, the issue of compensation and repatriation of the former inhabitants, exiled since 1973, continues in litigation and as of August 2010 had been submitted to the European Court of Human Rights by a group of former residents.

Since then the Court has appeared to be more open to finding states guilty of torture and has even ruled that since the Convention is a " living instrument ", treatment which it had previously characterised as inhuman or degrading treatment might in future be regarded as torture.

His uncle Golding argued that the Archbishop of Canterbury should halt the proceedings since a proceeding against a ward of the Queen could not be brought without prior licence from the Court of Wards and Liveries.

Of the ten Australians appointed since 1965, Lord Casey, Sir Paul Hasluck and Bill Hayden were former federal parliamentarians ; Sir John Kerr was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales ; Sir Ninian Stephen and Sir William Deane were appointed from the bench of the High Court ; Sir Zelman Cowen was a vice-chancellor of the University of Queensland and constitutional lawyer ; Peter Hollingworth was the Anglican Archbishop of Brisbane ; and Major-General Michael Jeffery was a retired military officer and former Governor of Western Australia.

Often enormously complicated matters, ICJ cases ( of which there have been less than 150 since the court was created from the Permanent Court of International Justice in 1945 ) can stretch on for years and generally involve thousands of pages of pleadings, evidence, and the world's leading specialist public international lawyers.

Congress regards impeachment as a power to be used only in extreme cases ; the House has initiated impeachment proceedings only 64 times since 1789 ( most recently against Judge Thomas Porteous of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana ) with only the following 19 of these proceedings actually resulting in the House passing Articles of Impeachment: