* 1961 – Bay of Pigs Invasion: A group of CIA financed and trained Cuban exiles lands at the Bay of Pigs in Cuba with the aim of ousting Fidel Castro.

In 1997, a group led by Vladimiro Roca, a decorated veteran of the Angolan war and the son of the founder of the Cuban Communist Party, sent a petition, entitled La Patria es de Todos (" the homeland belongs to all ") to the Cuban general assembly requesting democratic and human rights reforms.

FBI records show that 85 % of COINTELPRO resources targeted groups and individuals that the FBI deemed " subversive ," including communist and socialist organizations ; organizations and individuals associated with the civil rights movement, including Martin Luther King, Jr. and others associated with the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, and the Congress of Racial Equality and other civil rights organizations ; black nationalist groups ; the American Indian Movement ; a broad range of organizations labeled " New Left ", including Students for a Democratic Society and the Weathermen ; almost all groups protesting the Vietnam War, as well as individual student demonstrators with no group affiliation ; the National Lawyers Guild ; organizations and individuals associated with the women's rights movement ; nationalist groups such as those seeking independence for Puerto Rico, United Ireland, and Cuban exile movements including Orlando Bosch's Cuban Power and the Cuban Nationalist Movement ; and additional notable Americans — even Albert Einstein, who was a member of several civil rights groups, came under FBI surveillance during the years just prior to COINTELPRO's official inauguration .< ref >

A group of Cuban revolutionaries led by Narciso López intended to forcibly liberate Cuba from Spanish rule.

Arcano's group, Arcano y Sus Maravillas, was the first to call a part of a popular Cuban dance a mambo.

* February 24 – Cuban fighter jets shoot down 2 American aircraft belonging to the Cuban exile group, Brothers to the Rescue.

* August 24 – A group of armed Cuban exile terrorists fire at a hotel in Havana from a speedboat.

* October 10 – The first group of Cuban refugees travels to the U. S.

* Los Van Van, a Cuban musical group

* Santa Fe ( group ), a Cuban band

After arriving in Madrid, Chao and other band mates from Mano Negra formed a new group, Radio Bemba Sound System ( named for the communication system used in the Sierra Maestra by the Castro-and-Guevara-led rebels in the Cuban Revolution ), featuring groups from diverse backgrounds, such as Mexican Tijuana No !, Brazilian Skank, and Argentinian Todos Tus Muertos.

During the Cuban Missile Crisis, President John F. Kennedy called upon Acheson for advice, bringing him into the executive committee ( ExComm ), a strategic advisory group.

In the 1960s the airport was bombed by B-26 aircraft from Brigade 2506, a CIA-sponsored group of Cuban exiles, and with the deterioration of relations with the United States and the United States embargo against Cuba, airlines from the United States are not permitted to operate regular scheduled flights to the airport.

Also in 1996, after Cuban military pilots shot down two small civilian aircraft flown by the Cuban-American exile group Brothers to the Rescue over international waters, she announced, " This is not cojones.

After Only Built 4 Cuban Linx ..., Raekwon appeared on a track by the R & B group Allure from the group's self-titled debut in 1997.

That group had received and decoded messages that had been broadcast from Cuban numbers stations.

He continued to tour worldwide with his new group, playing a unique blend of jazz and Afro Cuban music.

In December, Sociedad Gorostiza ( Gorostiza Society ), a group of writers and artists, accepted Martí as a member, where he met his future wife, Carmen Zayas Bazán during his frequent visits to her Cuban father ’ s house to meet with the Gorostiza group.

The Cuban Revolutionary Party's ' Bases and Statutes ' aimed at: 1 ) Winning absolute independence for Cuba and aiding that of Puerto Rico ; 2 ) ordering a ' generous and brief war ' that would ensure peace and happiness for all Cuba's inhabitants ; 3 ) organizing this war so that it should be ' republican in spirit and methods ', and lead to a society fulfilling ' in the historical life of the continent '; 4 ) ensuring that no ' authoritarian spirit and bureaucratic make-up of the colony ' would exist in the new Cuba ; 5 ) preventing any one particular group from having more power than other groups ; 6 ) creating a harmonious fatherland with economic prosperity ensured by allowing outlets for the economic activities of all its inhabitants ; 7 ) maintaining friendly relations with the U. S .; and, 8 ) bringing the above intentions through a set of concrete aims: to unite all Cubans living abroad, to bring together all factions inside and outside of Cuba, to prepare inside Cuba the knowledge and spirit of the revolution, to collect funds, to establish relations with friendly peoples to accelerate the success of the war, and finally, to organize the Cuban Revolutionary Party according to the secret rules agreed upon by the founding organizations.

* March 2 ( to March 4 ) – Weather Report, The CBS Jazz All-Stars, the Trio of Doom, Fania All-Stars, Stephen Stills, Billy Swan, Bonnie Bramlett, Mike Finnegan, Kris Kristofferson, Rita Coolidge and Billy Joel, plus Cuban acts Irakere, Pacho Alonso, Elena Burke, Los Papines, Tata Güines and Orquesta Aragón play at the historic three-day Havana Jam festival at the Karl Marx Theater, in Havana, Cuba.

In 1979, Kris Kristofferson traveled to Havana, Cuba, to participate in the historic Havana Jam festival that took place between March 2 – 4, alongside Rita Coolidge, Stephen Stills, the CBS Jazz All-Stars, the Trio of Doom, Fania All-Stars, Billy Swan, Bonnie Bramlett, Mike Finnegan, Weather Report, and Billy Joel, plus an array of Cuban artists such as Irakere, Pacho Alonso, Tata Güines and Orquesta Aragón.

Between March 2 – 4, 1979, Weather Report traveled to Havana, Cuba, to participate in the historic Havana Jam festival, a break in mutual Cuban / American political hostilities which saw American artists such as Stephen Stills, the CBS Jazz All-Stars, Bonnie Bramlett, Kris Kristofferson, Rita Coolidge and Billy Joel play alongside Cuban artists such as Irakere, Pacho Alonso, Tata Güines and Orquesta Aragón.

Groups such as Los Van Van and Irakere established modern forms of Cuban music, paving the way for new rhythms and dances to emerge as well as fresh concepts in instrumentation.

After several years of tremendous and unexpected success – including four Grammy nominations, being the subject of several documentaries and films, and being recipients of many other distinctions – the All Stars are certainly the best-known and successful Cuban orchestra after Los Van Van and Irakere.

In 1979, Fania All-Stars travelled to Havana, Cuba, to participate in the Havana Jam festival that took place between 2 – 4 March, alongside Rita Coolidge, Kris Kristofferson, Stephen Stills, the CBS Jazz All-Stars, Trio of Doom, Billy Swan, Bonnie Bramlett, Weather Report, and Billy Joel, plus Cuban artists such as Irakere, Pacho Alonso, Tata Güines and Orquesta Aragón.

Formell fused American pop with clave-based Cuban elements.

Developed by Cuban migrants to Florida and centered around Miami, this form of Cuban Salsa fused with American culture and LA Style.

Canción gradually fused with other forms of Cuban music, such as the bolero.

Cuban son and New York jazz fused together to create what was then termed mambo, but later became known as salsa.

The accompaniment of the guitar followed naturally, and the canción gradually fused with other forms of Cuban ( and therefore Latin American ) music such as the bolero.

Jazz, rumba, bossa nova, Gypsy, Latin, Celtic, Middle Eastern, Rock, Jazz, Cuban Swing, Tango and Salsa have all been fused into Flamenco by different artists to produce its sound.

The Cuban public created two names adopted by Santos, these were Inquieto and Anacobero, which he later fused and became known as El Inquieto Anacobero.

His first famous composition was for the Dizzy Gillespie Orchestra, the two-part " Cubano Be, Cubano Bop " ( 1947 ) and part of that band's pioneering experiments in fusing bebop and Cuban jazz elements ; " A Bird in Igor's Yard " ( a tribute to both Charlie Parker and Igor Stravinsky ) was recorded in a session led by Buddy DeFranco the next year.

In 1947 the collaborations of bebop innovator Dizzy Gillespie with Cuban percussionist Chano Pozo brought Afro-Cuban jazz into the jazz mainstream.

The fusion of Bauzá's Cuban musical heritage and Gillespie's bebop culminated in the development of cubop, one of the first forms of Latin jazz.

Ironically, Cuban popular music during the 1970s incorporated North American jazz, rock, and funk in much more significant ways, than did salsa.

Whereas salsa occasionally superimposes elements of another genre, or incorporates a non-salsa style in the bridge of a song, Cuban popular music since the 1970s has fully integrated North American jazz and funk to the point of true hybrid.

While N ' Dour Africanized Cuban music, another influential band, Xalam, was doing the same with American funk and jazz.

Their music was a dance-oriented version of many kinds of Caribbean and Latin popular music, such as Cuban bolero, Brazilian samba, the merengue from the Dominican Republic, Trinidadian calypso, and American funk.

Cuban dance music also witnessed dramatic change beginning in the late 1960s, as groups explored the fusion of Cuban son with American rock, jazz and funk styles.

The first festival was based on acoustic jazz but little by little electric jazz and other rhythm music, blues, soul, funk, hip-hop and the rich Cuban and Brazilian music took foot.

Timba is a Cuban genre of music based on popular Cuban music along with salsa, American funk / R & B, and the strong influence of Afro-Cuban folkloric music.

Songo was the first Cuban popular dance rhythm to blend rumba and North American funk rhythms.

Their music combines jazz, hip-hop and funk, but with a distinctly international flavour, particularly South American and Cuban influences.