A database is not generally portable across different DBMS, but different DBMSs can inter-operate to some degree by using standards like SQL and ODBC together to support a single application built over more than one database.

For decades it has been unlikely that a complex information system can be built effectively without a proper database supported by a DBMS.

If a DBMS system responses users ' request in a given time period, it can be regarded as a real time database.

If this goal is met by a DBMS, then the designers and builders of the specific database can concentrate on the application's aspects, and not deal with building and maintaining the underlying DBMS.

While the conceptual and external levels design can usually be done independently of any DBMS ( DBMS-independent design software packages exist, possibly with interfaces to some specific popular DBMSs ), the internal level design highly relies on the capabilities and internal data structure of the specific DBMS utilized ( see the Implementation section below ).

Such models can be translated to any other data model required by any specific DBMS for building an effective database.

Typically an appropriate general-purpose DBMS can be selected to be utilized for this purpose.

These can be operations on a database, or operations to operate and manage the DBMS.

: An external interface can be either a user interface ( e. g., typically for a database administrator ), or an application programming interface ( API ) used for communication between an application program and the DBMS.

A language engine processes the language expressions ( by a compiler or language interpreter ) to extract the intended database operations from the expression in a way that they can be executed by the DBMS.

Transactions can also be specified externally to the DBMS to encapsulate a group of operations.

The DBMS can help prevent duplicate records via unique index constraints ; for example, no two customers with the same customer numbers ( key fields ) can be entered into the database.

These can be operations on a database, or operations to operate and manage the DBMS.

: An external interface can be either a user interface ( e. g., typically for a database administrator ), or an application programming interface ( API ) used for communication between an application program and the DBMS.

A language engine processes the language expressions ( by a compiler or language interpreter ) to extract the intended database operations from the expression in a way that they can be executed by the DBMS.

Transactions can also be specified externally to the DBMS to encapsulate a group of operations.

One strength of a DBMS is that while there is typically only one conceptual ( or logical ) and physical ( or internal ) view of the data, there can be an endless number of different external views.

" Efficient " means that the data which is stored in the DBMS can be accessed quickly and " compact " means that the data takes up very little space in the computer's memory.

Rather than have each computer application implement these from scratch, they can rely on the DBMS to supply such calculations.

; Automated optimization: For frequently occurring usage patterns or requests, some DBMS can adjust themselves to improve the speed of those interactions.

As Palm has no connection drivers that enable the transfer of data with a server DBMS ( Oracle, mySQL, MS SQL Server ), the programmer can use Middleware software that enables this connectivity.

A general-purpose DBMS is typically a complex software system that meets many usage requirements to properly maintain its databases which are often large and complex.

Also, since a DBMS is complex and expensive to build and maintain, it is not economical to build such a new tool ( DBMS ) for every application.

A database management system ( DBMS ) is a system that allows to build and maintain databases, as well as to utilize their data and retrieve information from it.

Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications ' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs ' external interfaces and tuning parameters.

A DBMS typically intends to provide convenient environment to develop and later maintain an application built around its respective database type.

A database management system ( DBMS ) is a system that allows to build and maintain databases, as well as to utilize their data and retrieve information from it.

Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications ' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs ' external interfaces and tuning parameters.

A DBMS typically intends to provide convenient environment to develop and later maintain an application built around its respective database type.

Relational DBMS projects, by way of contrast, maintain a clearer division between the database model and the application.

When attempting to maintain the highest level of isolation, a DBMS usually acquires locks on data or implements multiversion concurrency control, which may result in a loss of concurrency.

A transaction must transform a database from one consistent state to another consistent state ( however, it is the responsibility of the transaction's programmer to make sure that the transaction itself is correct, i. e., performs correctly what it intends to perform ( from the application's point of view ) while the predefined integrity rules are enforced by the DBMS ).

A DBMS provides facilities for controlling data access, enforcing data integrity, managing concurrency control, and recovering the database after failures and restoring it from backup files, as well as maintaining database security.

A transaction must transform a database from one consistent state to another consistent state ( however, it is the responsibility of the transaction's programmer to make sure that the transaction itself is correct, i. e., performs correctly what it intends to perform ( from the application's point of view ) while the predefined integrity rules are enforced by the DBMS ).

The DBMS must reject a transaction such as this that would render the database inconsistent by a violation of an integrity constraint.

A transaction must transform a database from one consistent state to another consistent state ( however, it is the responsibility of the transaction's programmer to make sure that the transaction itself is correct, i. e., performs correctly what it intends to perform ( from the application's point of view ) while the predefined integrity rules are enforced by the DBMS ).

The term database is correctly applied to the data and their supporting data structures, and not to the database management system ( DBMS ).

The database data collection with DBMS is called a database system.

The term database system implies that the data is managed to some level of quality ( measured in terms of accuracy, availability, usability, and resilience ) and this in turn often implies the use of a general-purpose database management system ( DBMS ).

A DBMS also needs to provide effective run-time execution to properly support ( e. g., in terms of performance, availability, and security ) as many database end-users as needed.

Though the terms database and DBMS define different entities, they are inseparable: a database's properties are determined by its supporting DBMS.

Thus, a database and its supporting DBMS are defined here by a set of general requirements listed below.

# Application developers and database administrators-These are the people that design and build a database-based application that uses the DBMS.

Sometimes the application itself is packaged and sold as a separate product, which may include the DBMS inside ( see embedded database ; subject to proper DBMS licensing ), or sold separately as an add-on to the DBMS.

It has strong ties with database technology and DBMS products.

Both the database and most of its DBMS reside remotely, " in the cloud ," while its applications are both developed by programmers and later maintained and utilized by ( application's ) end-users through a web browser and Open APIs.

In general it typically refers to a modular DBMS architecture that allows distinct DBMS instances to cooperate as a single DBMS over processes, computers, and sites, while managing a single database distributed itself over multiple computers, and different sites.

:: An embedded database system is a DBMS which is tightly integrated with an application software that requires access to stored data in a way that the DBMS is “ hidden ” from the application ’ s end-user and requires little or no ongoing maintenance.

Some of them are much simpler than full fledged DBMSs, with more elementary DBMS functionality ( e. g., not supporting multiple concurrent end-users on a same database ), with basic programming interfaces, and a relatively small " foot-print " ( not much code to run as in " regular " general-purpose databases ).