Nor does he account for the deviousness of the Duke of Hamilton, the official leader of the various factions opposed to the Union, who seemingly betrayed his former colleagues when he switched to the Unionist / Government side in the decisive final stages of the debate.

The Duke of Hamilton led an invasion of England to free the King, but he was defeated by Oliver Cromwell in August 1648 at the Battle of Preston.

In the early 19th century Alexander, 10th Duke of Hamilton ( 1767 – 1852 ) embarked on a programme of clearances that had a devastating effect on Arran's population.

His heirs, Earls of Abercorn, heirs male of the Hamilton family from 1651, became Marquesses of Abercorn in 1790, and Dukes of Abercorn in 1868 ; the 2nd Duke of Abercorn ( b. 1838 ) being a prominent Unionist politician and chairman of the British South Africa Company.

* June 19 – James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton, Scottish statesman ( d. 1649 )

* December 14 – William Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Hamilton, Scottish nobleman ( d. 1651 )

* January 17 – James Hamilton, 6th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish peer ( b. 1724 )

* March 9 – James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton, Scottish statesman ( b. 1606 )

In December 1543, James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault, the appointed regent for the infant Mary, Queen of Scots, had decided with the Queen Mother, Mary of Guise, and Dr David Cardinal Beaton to persecute the Protestant sect that had taken root in Scotland.

From left to right: James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray | James Stewart ( Moray ), James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault | James Hamilton ( Châtellerault ), Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley | Lord Darnley, Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox | Matthew Stewart ( Lennox ), William Maitland of Lethington | William Maitland ( Lethington ), William Kirkcaldy of Grange | William Kirkcaldy ( Grange ), James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton | James Douglas ( Morton ), John Knox, and George Buchanan

* January 22 – James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault ( b. 1516 )

** James Douglas, 4th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish nationalist ( b. 1658 )

* September 10 – Battle of Pinkie: An English army under the Duke of Somerset, Lord Protector of England, defeats a Scottish army under James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Arran, the Regent.

** James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault ( d. 1572 )

Chatelherault Country Park | Chatelherault, built by William Adam ( architect ) | William Adam in 1743 as the James Douglas-Hamilton, 5th Duke of Hamilton | Duke of Hamilton's hunting lodge.

However, the royalist fleet that came under Charles's control was not used to any advantage, and did not reach Scotland in time to join up with the royalist Engagers army of the Duke of Hamilton, before it was defeated at the Battle of Preston by the Parliamentarians.

Acting on the advice of Alderman Matthew Wood and Lady Anne Hamilton ( daughter of Archibald Hamilton, 9th Duke of Hamilton ), she rejected the government's offer.

* 1515 – Mary Tudor, Queen of France and Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk are officially married at Greenwich.

This gave the succession to his cousin Lady Jane Grey, the granddaughter of Henry VIII's sister Mary Tudor, who, after the death of Louis XII of France in 1515 had married Henry VIII's favourite Charles Brandon, the first Duke of Suffolk.

** Henry Brandon, Earl of Lincoln, nephew of King Henry VIII, son of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk

* August 24 – Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, English politician and husband of Mary Tudor ( b. c. 1484 )

He also painted some of his finest miniatures, including those of Henry Brandon and Charles Brandon, sons of Henry VIII's friend Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, and his fourth wife, Catherine Willoughby.

Following his death, which occurred less than two months after her coronation as his third wife, she married Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk.

Mary had been unhappy with her marriage of state to Louis, as at this time she was almost certainly already in love with Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk.

When he sent Brandon to bring Mary back to England in late January 1515 he made the Duke promise that he would not propose to her.

Another fictitious sub-plot has Henry making Charles Brandon Duke of Suffolk so the latter would be of appropriate rank to give away Henry's sister at her supposed wedding to the King of Portugal.

She was the second surviving daughter of Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk, by his marriage to Lady Frances Brandon.

Catherine Grey's maternal grandparents were Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk and Mary Tudor, younger daughter of Henry VII, and former Queen consort of France.

* James Douglas-Hamilton, Baron Selkirk of Douglas ( briefly 11th Earl of Selkirk ) ( 1942 –), younger son of the 14th Duke of Hamilton and Brandon

Lord Derby married Margaret Clifford, daughter of Henry Clifford, 2nd Earl of Cumberland, and his wife Eleanor, younger daughter of Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, and his wife Mary Tudor, daughter of King Henry VII.

He took part in Cardinal Wolsey's diplomatic voyages of 1521 and 1527, and was knighted by Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk during his first major military experience, the 1523 invasion of France.

On 21 May 1553 Guildford Dudley, Northumberland's second youngest son, married Lady Jane Grey, the fervently Protestant daughter of the Duke of Suffolk and, through her mother Frances Brandon, a grandniece of Henry VIII.

* Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk ( 1530 – 14 August 1545 )

* Margaret Neville, married Sir John Mortimer, then Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk

Thus, the Duke is one of only five people to hold two different dukedoms, the others being the Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay, the Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry, the Duke of Hamilton and Brandon, and the Duke of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon.

* 1746 – The Battle of Culloden is fought between the French-supported Jacobites and the British Hanoverian forces commanded by William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, in Scotland.

The reverse of the photo is signed by Duke's family and bears this message: " This is the family of Astronaut Duke from Planet Earth.

The current most senior living descendant of the Electress Sophia who is ineligible to succeed due to the act is George Windsor, Earl of St Andrews, the eldest son of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, who married the Roman Catholic Sylvana Palma Tomaselli in 1988 ; he would now be 29th in the lines of succession if he had not lost his place.

Excluding those princesses who have married into overseas Roman Catholic royal families, only one member of the Royal Family ( that is, with the style of Royal Highness ) has converted to Roman Catholicism since the passage of the act: the Duchess of Kent, wife of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent.

Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, is currently the only living holder of the rank of Field Marshal in the Australian Army.

On the battlefield, it is probably fair to say, Charles was comparable in skill and style to Sir Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington-quite conservative and yet exceedingly competent.

Nonetheless Charles is a member of a pantheon of famous Napoleonic figures that includes the Emperor himself, Louis Nicolas Davout, Andre Massena, Karl von Schwarzenberg, Mikhail Kutuzov, Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher and the aforementioned Duke of Wellington.

After being pulled through a time portal, Ash Williams lands in 1300 AD, where he is almost immediately captured by Lord Arthur's men, who suspect him to be an agent for Duke Henry, with whom Arthur is at war.

Although it appears clear that Badminton House, Gloucestershire, owned by the Duke of Beaufort, has given its name to the sports, it is unclear when and why the name was adopted.

Some Allied officers who were acquainted with the superior numbers of the enemy, and aware of their strong defensive position, ventured to remonstrate with Marlborough about the hazards of attacking ; but the Duke was resolute – " I know the danger, yet a battle is absolutely necessary, and I rely on the bravery and discipline of the troops, which will make amends for our disadvantages ".

" Inform Monsieur Tallard ", replied the Duke, " that, in the position in which he is now, he has no command.

The first option ( although it is debatable to what extent the Duke was committed to such an enterprise ) was a plan to transfer his forces from the Spanish Netherlands to northern Italy ; once there, he intended linking up with Prince Eugene in order to defeat the French and safeguard Savoy from being overrun.

Four copies have been preserved of it, of which only one is complete ; but it was reprinted in facsimile in 1854 for the Bannatyne Club by the munificence of the Duke of Buccleuch.

In such cases it is the prime minister who holds the day-to-day powers of governance, while the King or Queen ( or other monarch, such as a Grand Duke, in the case of Luxembourg, or Prince in the case of Monaco and Liechtenstein ) retains only residual ( but not always minor ) powers.

On 9 November 1555 Cardinal Ippolito II d ' Este ( famed as the builder of the Villa d ' Este at Tivoli ), wrote to Guglielmo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua ( 1538 – 1587 ), that he has heard that His Grace is interested in his cantoretti, and offering to send him two, so that he could choose one for his own service.

The current legitimate, senior family member is Louis-Alphonse de Bourbon, known by his supporters as Duke of Anjou, who also holds the Legitimist ( Blancs d ' Espagne ) claim to the French throne.

The main ' Colonna di Paliano ' family is represented today by Prince Marcantonio Colonna di Paliano, Prince and Duke of Paliano ( b. 1948 ), whose heir is Giovanni Andrea Colonna di Paliano ( b. 1975 ), and by Don Prospero Colonna di Paliano, Prince of Avella ( b. 1956 ), whose heir is Filippo Colonna di Paliano ( b. 1995 ).

In 1605, Charles was created Duke of York, which is customary in the case of the sovereign's second son.

The Baron's intent to exterminate the Atreides line seems close to fruition as Duke Leto Atreides is lured to the desert planet Arrakis on the pretense of taking over the valuable melange operation there.

The Baron's most prominent political rival is Duke Leto Atreides ; the Harkonnens and the Atreides have been bitter enemies for millennia, since the Battle of Corrin that ended the Butlerian Jihad.