Ahmad Shah Durrani ( c. 1722 – 1773 ) ( Pashto /), also known as Ahmad Shāh Abdālī ( Pashto / Persian: احمد شاه ابدالي ) and born as Ahmad < u > Kh </ u > ān, was the founder of the Durrani Empire ( Afghan Empire ) in 1747 and is regarded by many to be the founder of the modern state of Afghanistan .</ poem >

The Durrani Empire (, also referred to as the Last Afghan Empire ) was founded in 1747 by Ahmad Shah Durrani with its capital at Kandahar, Afghanistan.

The Durrani Empire is considered the foundation of the modern state of Afghanistan, with Ahmad Shah Durrani being credited as " Father of the Nation ".

His Durrani empire was the second largest Islamic empire in the world, behind the Ottoman Empire at that time.

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Mirwais Hotak followed by Ahmad Shah Durrani unified Afghan tribes and founded the last Afghan Empire in the early 18th century.

Maximum extent of the Durrani Empire, also known as the Afghan Empire.

Shuja Shah Durrani | Shah Shuja, the last Durrani Empire | Durrani King, sitting at his court inside the Bala Hissar before it was destroyed by the British Empire | British Army.

He was succeeded by his son, Timur Shah Durrani, who transferred the capital of their Afghan Empire from Kandahar to Kabul.

The Marathas continued their military campaigns against Mughals, Nizam, Nawab of Bengal and Durrani Empire to further extend their boundaries.

By 1751, Ahmad Shah Durrani and his Afghan army conquered the entire present-day Afghanistan, Pakistan, Khorasan and Kohistan provinces of Iran, along with Delhi in India.

Ahmad Shah's successors governed so ineptly during a period of profound unrest that within fifty years of his death, the Durrani empire per se was at an end, and Afghanistan was embroiled in civil war.

* Singh, Ganda ( 1959 ) Ahmad Shah Durrani: Father of Modern Afghanistan Asia Publishing House, London, OCLC 4341271

* Afghanistan and the Search for Unity Article on Durrani methods of government, published in Asian Affairs, Volume 38, Issue 2, 2007, pp. 145 – 157.

After the decline of the Durrani dynasty in 1823, Dost Mohammad Khan established the Barakzai dynasty after becoming the next Emir of Afghanistan.

The British became the major power in the Indian sub-continent after the Treaty of Paris ( 1763 ) and began to show interest in Afghanistan as early as their 1809 treaty with Shuja Shah Durrani.

Nader Shah was accompanied by the young Ahmad Shah Durrani, founder of the modern state of Afghanistan, who would re-conquer the area in 1747 after becoming the new ruler of the Afghans.

In 1776, Timur Shah Durrani made it the capital of the modern state of Afghanistan.

His son Timur Shah Durrani, after inheriting power, transferred the capital of Afghanistan from Kandahar to Kabul in 1776, and used Peshawar as the winter capital.

Cultural sites include: the National Museum of Afghanistan, notably displaying an impressive statue of Surya excavated at Khair Khana, the ruined Darul Aman Palace, the tomb of Mughal Emperor Babur at Bagh-e Babur, and Chehlstoon Park, the Minar-i-Istiqlal ( Column of Independence ) built in 1919 after the Third Afghan War, the mausoleum of Timur Shah Durrani, and the imposing Id Gah Mosque ( founded 1893 ).

After the assassination of Nader Shah in 1747, the stone came into the hands of Nader Shah's general, Ahmad Shah Durrani of Afghanistan.

In 1830, Shuja Shah Durrani, the deposed ruler of Afghanistan, managed to flee with the diamond.

A lithography | lithograph by Emily Eden showing one of the favourite horses of Maharaja Ranjit Singh with the head officer of his stables and his collection of jewels, including the Koh-i-Noor that he extorted from list of monarchs of Afghanistan | Afghan Emir Shuja Shah Durrani.

In 1819, the Kashmir valley passed from the control of the Durrani Empire of Afghanistan, and four centuries of Muslim rule under the Mughals and the Afghans, to the conquering armies of the Sikhs under Ranjit Singh of Lahore.

Image: Afghan royal soldiers of the Durrani Empire. jpg | An example of a 19th-century lithograph depicting royal Afghan soldiers of the Durrani Empire in Afghanistan.

The city and region became part of the Afghan Durrani Empire in around 1750 when after an agreement was signed between Mir Muhammad Murad Beg and Ahmad Shah Durrani Poplezai, the founding father of Afghanistan.

By 1747, Ahmad Shah Durrani made it part of Afghanistan after he conquered the territory from northeastern Iran to the Indian subcontinent.

At one end there is an irrigation dam, while on the eastern shore there is Hayat Durrani Water Sports Academy, the only water sports training center in Balochistan Province.

In the year 1755, the acclaimed Mughal viceroy of Punjab, Muin-ul-Mulk died his widow Mughlam Begum desperately sought the assistance of Ahmad Shah Durrani to halt any succession struggle and to quell the Sikh rebels in the eastern regions.

Ahmad Shah Durrani then plundered Sikh and Hindu inhabitants in the unstable and outlawed eastern regions of the Punjab.

In the process, the eastern territories were lost and in the following decades became part of Afghanistan, the successor-state to the Durrani Empire.

Later on it is said that Ahmed Shah Durrani finally conferred it on the Brahvis after the campaign in eastern Persia in 1751, when he received gallant aid from Nasir Khan-I.

The region around Mazar-e-Sharif has been historically part of Greater Khorasan and was controlled by the Tahirids followed by the Saffarids, Samanids, Ghaznavids, Ghurids, Ilkhanates, Timurids, and Khanate of Bukhara until the mid-18th century when it became part of the Durrani Empire after an agreement was signed between Amir Murad Beg and Amir Ahmad Shah Durrani.

Most of the territory of this province was originally a part of the Afghan Durrani Kingdom from the 18th century to around the 1820s, when the Sikh ruler or Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the former mayor of the Afghan city of Lahore, taking advantage of the internal chaos of the Afghan ruling family, declared independence and annexed it to his own empire based out of the Punjab.

After the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, which led to the disintegration of the Mughal Empire, Pashtun tribes in the area around the lake and city increased, and the Durrani Empire ruled the city for several decades.

The prominent group of Mohammadzai, belonging to the Barakzai branch of the Durrani confederacy are primarily centered around Kandahar, Kabul and Ghazni.

* March 11 – In battle near Manupur ( 15 km northwest of Sirhind ), Mughal forces under Prince Ahmad Shah Bahadur are victorious against Ahmad Shah Durrani.

Durrani Empire ( at its peak in 1761 ), the last Afghan empire that united all the Afghan tribes into one concentrated and unified nation.

In mountain climbing and caving, Hayatullah Khan Durrani ( Pride of Performance ), the chief executive of Hayat Durrani Water Sports Academy at Hanna Lake.

* The Third Battle of Panipat ( 1761 ), between the Durrani Empire and the Maratha Empire, resulting in a Durrani victory

According to the Imperial Gazetteer of India ( 1908 ); the Kakar, historically the first tribe in Balochistan with ( 105, 444 ) persons, the Tareen historically are the second largest tribe in Baluchistan with 37, 906 persons ( though this likely includes the Durrani ), and the Pani ( 20, 682 ) and Shirani ( 7, 309 ).

Marks then travelled to the Far East to set up cannabis deals with Salim Malik, an Afridi hashish exporter who he had met through Durrani ( Durrani had since suffered a fatal heart attack ), and Phil Sparrowhawk, an exporter from Bangkok ; they would smuggle their product over to Ernie Combs in America.

Zaman Shah Durrani, ( Pashto, Persian, Urdu, Arabic: ), ( c. 1770 – 1844 ) was ruler of the Durrani Empire from 1793 until 1800.

The two main Tareen divisions, discounting the Abdali / Durrani, are the Spin Tareen ( Safed Tareen, or White Tareen ) and the Tor Tareen ( Black Tareen ), founded by Tareen's eponymous sons.

Other families and tribes of Chiniot include Kamangran, Lali, Janjua, Marath, Aarbi, Aheer, Arain, Awan, Makhdoom, Baloch, Bata, Bhatti, Bhutta, Butt, Chadhar, Bhowana, Chishti, Chohan, Chughtai, Daher, Durrani, Galoter ( malik ), Goraya, Gujjar, Rehmani, Hanjra, Haral, Hashmi, Jappa, Bala, Dhamraia, Jatt, Kharal, Kalru, Kullah, Khokhar, Lohar, Malik, Lakhesar, Marral, Mona, Mughal, Mumbarr, Malah Mahr Nalere, Naul, Kullah, Nakokara, Nissowana, Panwar, Pathan, Pirjha, Qazi, Rao, Rajput, Saharan, Saidhen, Salara, Samore, Sandhu, Sangha, Sangra, Syed, Shaikh, Sial ( Mohdokana ), Sipra, Tamimi, Tarkhan, Thaheem, Waseer, Wassi, Mahlara, and Mangal. Noonare, Qureshi