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Page "Comparative mythology" ¶ 12
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Egyptian and god
The Egyptian god Set is said, by some, to have the head of an aardvark or to be part aardvark.
Opinions abound on Abraxas, who in recent centuries has been claimed to be both an Egyptian god and a demon.
* Ash ( god ), the ancient Egyptian god of oases
Anubis ( or ; ) is the Greek name for a jackal-headed god associated with mummification and the afterlife in ancient Egyptian religion.
Shu was the ancient Egyptian god of air and the husband of Tefnut, goddess of moisture.
Indeed, he was represented as a sun god on Egyptian coins.
Instances in Egyptian literature where " god " is mentioned without reference to any specific deity would seem to give this view added weight.
He therefore argued that, while some individuals may have henotheistically chosen one god to worship, Egyptian religion as a whole had no notion of a divine being beyond the immediate multitude of deities.
It is possible that only the Egyptian theologians fully recognized this underlying unity, but it is also possible that ordinary Egyptians identified the single divine force with a single god in particular situations.
The exclusion of all but one god was a radical departure from Egyptian tradition and some see Akhenaten as a practitioner of monolatry rather than monotheism, as he did not actively deny the existence of other gods ; he simply refrained from worshipping any but the Aten.
It was also around this time that the legendary figure of Hermes Trismegistus developed as a conflation of the Egyptian god Thoth and the Greek Hermes ; this figure was associated with both writing and magic, and therefore of books on magic.
Herodotus connected Heracles both to Phoenician god Melqart and to the Egyptian god Shu.
27th century BC ( circa 2650 – 2600 BC ) ( Egyptian meaning " the one who comes in peace, is with peace "), was an Egyptian polymath, who served under the Third Dynasty king Djoser as chancellor to the pharaoh and high priest of the sun god Ra at Heliopolis.
* Anubis ( Ancient Greek: Ἄνουβις ) is the Egyptian name for a jackal-headed god associated with mummification and the afterlife in ancient Egyptian religion.
Herodotus reported a temple to her in Egypt supposedly attached to a floating island called " Khemmis " in Buto, which also included a temple to an Egyptian god Greeks identified by interpretatio graeca as Apollo.
We say from the Saxon, good ; the Dane, god ; the Goth, goda ; the German, gut ; the Dutch, goed ; the Latin, bonus ; the Greek, kalos ; the Hebrew, tob ; and the Egyptian, mon.
* Apis, the Egyptian god is often depicted as a bull, or bull-headed man.
Osiris (;, also Usiris ; the Egyptian language name is variously transliterated Asar, Asari, Aser, Ausar, Ausir, Wesir, Usir, Usire or Ausare ) was an Egyptian god, usually identified as the god of the afterlife, the underworld and the dead.

Egyptian and Osiris
Dualism was first seen implicitly in Egyptian Religious beliefs by the contrast of the Gods Set ( disorder, death ) and Osiris ( order, life ).
Osiris was widely worshiped as Lord of the Dead until the suppression of the Egyptian religion during the Christian era.
Osiris is the mythological father of the god Horus, whose conception is described in the Osiris myth, a central myth in ancient Egyptian belief.
From Osiris, they eventually passed to Egyptian kings in general as symbols of divine authority.
Rare sample of Egyptian terra cotta sculpture, could be Isis mourning Osiris, ( raising her right arm over her head, a typical mourning sign ).
In the Osirian temple at Denderah, an inscription ( translated by Budge, Chapter XV, Osiris and the Egyptian Resurrection ) describes in detail the making of wheat paste models of each dismembered piece of Osiris to be sent out to the town where each piece is discovered by Isis.
* Ancient Egyptian God Osiris
A few extant Egyptian and Canaanite writings allude to dying and rising gods such as Osiris and Baal.
In Egyptian mythology, in the Ennead system of Heliopolis, the first couple, apart from Shu and Tefnut ( moisture and dryness ) and Geb and Nuit ( earth and sky ), are Isis and Osiris.
Hapi, sometimes transliterated as Hapy, is one of the Four sons of Horus in ancient Egyptian religion, depicted in funerary literature as protecting the throne of Osiris in the Underworld.
The Osiris myth is the most elaborate and influential story in ancient Egyptian mythology.
Through these writings, the Osiris myth persisted after knowledge of most ancient Egyptian beliefs was lost, and it is still well known today.
The myth of Osiris was very important in ancient Egyptian religion and was popular among ordinary people.
The earliest mentions of the Osiris myth are in the Pyramid Texts, the first Egyptian funerary texts, which appeared on the walls of burial chambers in pyramids at the end of the Fifth Dynasty, during the 25th century BC.
The most complete ancient Egyptian account of the myth is the Great Hymn to Osiris, an inscription from the Eighteenth Dynasty ( c. 1550 – 1292 BC ) that gives the general outline of the entire story but includes little detail.
Ancient Greek and Roman writers, who described Egyptian religion late in its history, recorded much of the Osiris myth.
Little information about the reign of Osiris appears in Egyptian sources ; the focus is on his death and the events that follow.
Osiris is connected with life-giving power, righteous kingship, and the rule of maat, the ideal natural order whose maintenance was a fundamental goal in ancient Egyptian culture.
Set — whom Plutarch, using Greek names for many of the Egyptian deities, refers to as " Typhon "— conspires against Osiris with seventy-three other people.
This episode, which is not known from Egyptian sources, gives an etiological explanation for a cult of Isis and Osiris that existed in Byblos in Plutarch's time and possibly as early as the New Kingdom.
In Egyptian accounts, however, the penis of Osiris is found intact, and the only close parallel with this part of Plutarch's story is in " The Tale of Two Brothers ", a folk tale from the New Kingdom with similarities to the Osiris myth.

Egyptian and Mesopotamian
Marie-Louise von Franz tells us the double approach of Western alchemy was set from the start, when Greek philosophy was mixed with Egyptian and Mesopotamian technology.
These influences serve to reinforce the conclusion that the Book of Exodus originated in the exiled Jewish community of 6th-century Babylon, but not all the sources are Mesopotamian: the story of Moses's flight to Midian following the murder of the Egyptian overseer may draw on the Egyptian Tale of Sinuhe.
In early Egyptian and Mesopotamian thought the world was portrayed as a flat disk floating in the ocean.
Its history is important to understanding the origin and development of the Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Canaanite, Israeli, Phoenician, Carthaginian, Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Ottoman, Christian and Islamic cultures.
Probably the first Sultan to identify and attempt to tackle the Janissaries as a praetorian institution doing more harm than good to the modern empire, Osman II closed their coffee shops ( the gathering points for conspiracies against the throne ) and started planning to create a new, loyal and ethnic Turkic army consisting of Anatolian, Mesopotamian and Egyptian Turks and Turkmens.
Mesoamerican pyramids were usually stepped, with temples on top, more similar to the Mesopotamian ziggurat than the Egyptian pyramid.
Generally, early Egyptian, Chinese, Indian, and Mesopotamian sources do not refer to known spices.
This tradition continued from the first Mesopotamian cultures, through the various ancient Egyptian dynasties, to the period of the Ancient Greek city states.
Overall, Hellenistic culture in the age that followed Alexander the Great itself showed syncretist features, essentially blending of Mesopotamian, Persian, Anatolian, Egyptian ( and eventually Etruscan – Roman ) elements within an Hellenic formula.
The tales themselves trace their roots back to ancient and medieval Arabic, Persian, Indian, Egyptian and Mesopotamian folklore and literature.
Afghanistan was the source of lapis for the ancient Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations, as well as the later Greeks and Romans.
Designed cities were characteristic of the Mesopotamian, Harrapan, and Egyptian civilizations of the third millennium BC ( see Urban planning in ancient Egypt ).
The various Canaanite nations of the Bronze to Iron Ages are mentioned in the Bible, Mesopotamian ( Assyrian and Babylonian ), Hittite and Ancient Egyptian texts.
The Hurrian gods do not appear to have had particular " home temples ", like in the Mesopotamian religion or Ancient Egyptian religion.
Ugaritic has been called " the greatest literary discovery from antiquity since the deciphering of the Egyptian hieroglyphs and Mesopotamian cuneiform ".
In general, the mythology and cultures of the King's Quest world is derived from that of the Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, Egyptian, Arabic, Biblical, Mesopotamian, and Celts.
Given that the Ashuruballit I synchronism with Akhenaten has become the crucial link between Egyptian and Mesopotamian history in recent years, this issue is a key area of focus and dispute.
Creation by speech is not unique to the Old Testament: it was unknown in ancient Mesopotamian cosmology, but was an important factor in the Egyptian tradition.
As a major integral role for trade between regions and countries, the Mediterranean Sea was an important route for merchants and travelers of ancient times that allowed for trade and cultural exchange between emergent peoples of the region, Mesopotamian, Persian, Egyptian, Phoenician, Byzantine and future cultures.
It ignores the gahawa syndrome (' qahwa > ga ' hawa ) typical of the Mesopotamian and Peninsula Arabic, it does not limit stress to penultimate syllable as Egyptian Arabic ( > ) and is foreign to North-African stress shift to last syllable ( >, > ).
Their armies are based around deployments typical of Mesopotamian / Egyptian antiquity.
In 525 BC Egypt was conquered by the Persians so there is likely to have been some Mesopotamian influence on Egyptian astrology.
The first circuit highlights Oriental art and Classical art on display in the Egyptian, Greco-Roman, Mesopotamian, Persian art from Islamic period, Armenian and Far Eastern art.
It was a fundamental unit of length in the Ancient Egyptian, Mesopotamian, Hebrew, Ancient Greek and Roman systems of measurement.

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