Antoninus Pius (; born 19 September 86AD – died 7 March 161AD ), also known as Antoninus, was Roman Emperor from 138AD to 161AD.

The family of Antoninus Pius and Faustina the Elder also represents one of the few periods in ancient Roman history where the position of Emperor passed smoothly from father to son.

He was succeeded as Emperor by his adopted son ( also stepson and former son-in-law ) Tiberius.

The Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar a grandson of Aurangzeb, is also known to have sent a letter to the Ottomans bu this time it was received by the Grand Vizier Nevşehirli Damad Ibrahim Pasha providing a graphic description of the informing him of the efforts of the Mughal commander Syed Hassan Ali Khan Barha against the Rajput and Maratha rebellion.

The deposed Emperor attempted to escape in a boat with his wife Agnes and his mistress, but was captured ( note that by some, Andronikos not only survived, but also managed to escape to the then self-proclaimed Kingdom of Cyprus ).

This could be either the normal military dress, with a tunic to about the knees, armour breastplate and pteruges, but also often the specific dress of the bodyguard of the Byzantine Emperor, with a long tunic and the loros, a long gold and jewelled pallium restricted to the Imperial family and their closest guards.

Dürer also made several portraits of the Emperor, including one shortly before Maximilian's death in 1519.

Saint Adelaide of Italy ( 931 / 932 – 16 December 999 ), also called Adelaide of Burgundy, was the second wife of Otto the Great, Holy Roman Emperor.

He was also the younger brother of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor.

* Napoleon I ( 1804 – 1814, 1815 ), also King of Italy ( 1805 – 1814 ) and Emperor in Elba ( 1814 – 1815 )

However, following the death of an Emperor, they became known also for plunder in the Imperial palaces.

Between 1673 and 1681, the Emperor Kangxi suppressed an uprising of three generals in Southern China who had been denied hereditary rule to large fiefdoms granted by the previous emperor ; he also put down a Ming restorationist invasion from Taiwan, called the Revolt of the Three Feudatories.

The freedmen could also officially speak for the Emperor, as when Narcissus addressed the troops in Claudius ' stead before the conquest of Britain.

Annual games were also held in honor of his accession, and took place at the Praetorian camp where Claudius had first been proclaimed Emperor.

* Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor ( 1500 – 1558 ), also Charles I of Spain

Tibetans also had a tradition of cavalry warfare, in several military engagements early on with the Chinese Tang Dynasty ( 618 – 907 AD ), including Emperor Taizong's campaign against Tufan in 638.

Caligula (; 31 August AD 12 – 24 January AD 41 ), also known as Gaius, was Roman Emperor from 37 AD to 41 AD.

Cyril also wrote to the Emperor, telling his version of the events.

The first duke was also honoured with Imperial titles: Emperor Joseph I created him a Prince of the Holy Roman Empire in 1704, and in 1705, he was created Imperial Prince of Mindelheim ( once the lordship of the noted soldier Georg von Frundsberg ).

There were also two finance ministers, dealing with the separate bodies of the public treasury and the private domains of the Emperor, and the praetorian prefect, the most significant person of the whole.

The Emperor also revived the practice of public banquets, which had been reduced to a simple distribution of food under Nero, while he invested large sums on entertainment and games.

The imperial army also actively perpetrated massacres until the ousting of the Emperor by the Derg in 1974.

* Czech, mainly during the reign of Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV but also during other periods of Bohemian control over the HRE.

Edith of England () ( 910 – 26 January 946 ), also spelt Eadgyth or Ædgyth, was the daughter of Edward the Elder, and the wife of Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor.

The existing reverence for Centrality must have been still further stimulated toward the close of the second century B.C., when the Han Emperor Wu Ti ordered the dynastic color changed to yellow -- which symbolized the Center among the traditional Five Directions -- and took 5 as the dynastic number, believing that he would thus place himself, his imperial family, and the nation under the most auspicious influences.

In 408, Western Emperor Flavius Honorius ordered the execution of Stilicho and his family, and incited the Roman population to massacre tens of thousands of wives and children of Goths serving in the Roman military.

However, as Andronikos ' rule went on, the Emperor became increasingly paranoid and violent – in September 1185, Andronikos ordered the execution of all prisoners, exiles and their families for collusion with the invaders – and the Byzantine Empire descended into a terror state.

Napolean ordered it for the Corso in Milan ; Emperor Franz I bought it for the Theseus Temple in the Volksgarten in Vienna ; moved to Kunsthistorisches Museum in 1891.

In 362, the new Emperor Julian, noted for his opposition to Christianity, ordered Athanasius to leave Alexandria once again.

:" Meanwhile it happened that Swedish ambassadors had come to the Emperor Louis the Pious, and, amongst other matters which they had been ordered to bring to the attention of the emperor, they informed him that there were many belonging to their nation who desired to embrace the Christian religion, and that their king so far favoured this suggestion that lie would permit God's priests to reside there, provided that they might be deemed worthy of such a favour and that the emperor would send them suitable preachers.

The Emperor summoned the separate armies of his nobles and with the Empress Taytu beside him, ordered his forces forward.

Emperor Kangxi ordered the creation of Kangxi Dictionary, the most complete dictionary of Chinese characters ever put together at the time.

In 845 Emperor Wuzong ordered the Great Anti-Buddhist Persecution, confiscating the riches and returning monks and nuns to lay life.

The council was ordered by the Emperor and Pope to convene in Mantua on May 23, 1537.

Emperor Yingzong of Song ordered Sima Guang and other scholars to begin compiling this universal history of China in 1065 and they presented it to his successor Emperor Shenzong of Song in 1084.

Emperor Constantine I ordered in about 325 / 326 that the temple be demolished and the soil-which had provided a flat surface for the temple-be removed, instructing Macarius of Jerusalem, the local Bishop, to build a church on the site.

Legend says that about two thousand years ago, Emperor Suinin ordered his daughter, Princess Yamatohime-no-mikoto, to set out and find a suitable permanent location from which to hold ceremonies for Amaterasu Omikami, the Sun Goddess.

But the city takes its modern name, Hamburg, from the first permanent building on the site, a castle whose construction was ordered by the Emperor Charlemagne in AD 808.

He was accused of keeping pirate booty for himself, and his execution was ordered by the Emperor Maximian.

The Mughal Emperor Jahangir, ordered the apprehension of all Portuguese within the Mughal Empire, he further confiscated churches that belonged to the Jesuits.

Constantius II ordered the murders of many descendants from the second marriage of Constantius Chlorus and Theodora, leaving only Constantius and his brothers Constantine II and Constans I, and their cousins, Julian and Gallus ( Julian's half-brother ), as the surviving males related to Emperor Constantine.

As a result of the dispute, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian II ordered Sergius I's abduction ( as his predecessor Constans II had done with Pope Martin I ), but with the assistance of the exarch of Ravenna, Sergius I was able to avoid trial in Constantinople.

Before her death, on November 15, 1908, she allegedly ordered her trusted eunuchs to poison the Guangxu Emperor.

On July 31, 1870, the French Emperor Napoleon III ordered an invasion across the Saar River to seize Saarbrücken.

The Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan then chose his son Aurangzeb to become the Subedar of Deccan and ordered the annexation of Ahmednagar and the overthrow of the Nizam Shahi dynasty.

He was succeeded by Maximinus Thrax, the first of a series of weak emperors, each ruling on average only 2 to 3 years, that ended fifty years later with the Emperor Diocletian ordered split between the Eastern and Western Roman Empires.

The waka form again began flourishing, Emperor Daigo ordered the creation of an anthology of waka.