The English Civil War begins.

The English Civil War ( 1642 – 1651 ) provoked a number of examples of this genre, including works by Sir Edmund Ludlow and Sir John Reresby.

* 1660: Baron Windsor, called out of abeyance after 18 years ( the length of the English Civil War ); again in 1855 after 22 years.

Near the start of the English Civil War, on 18 August 1643 Parliament passed " An Ordinance for Explanation of a former Ordinance for Sequestration of Delinquents Estates with some Enlargements.

During the period of the English Civil War, the role of bishops as wielders of political power and as upholders of the established church became a matter of heated political controversy.

The Battles of Lostwithiel or Lostwithiel Campaign, took place near Lostwithiel and Fowey during the First English Civil War in 1644.

This special, set in the English Civil War, was shown as part of Comic Relief's Red Nose Day on Friday 5 February 1988.

English republican dictator, Oliver Cromwell's campaign was characterised by its uncompromising treatment of the Irish towns ( most notably Drogheda ) that had supported the Royalists during the English Civil War.

Following the tumultuous events leading to and including the English Civil War, another major revision was published in 1662.

Following the Wars of the Three Kingdoms ( including the English Civil War ), the Church of Scotland was re-established on a presbyterian basis but by the Act of Comprehension 1690, the rump of Episcopalians were allowed to hold onto their benefices.

Nicaragua's legal system also is a mixture of the English Common Law and the Civil Law through the influence of British administration of the Eastern half of the country from the mid-17th century until about 1905, the William Walker period from about 1855 through 1857, USA interventions / occupations during the period from 1909 to 1933, the influence of USA institutions during the Somoza family administrations ( 1933 through 1979 ) and the considerable importation between 1979 and the present of USA culture and institutions.

According to Emile Benveniste ( 1954 ), the earliest written occurrence in English of civilisation in its modern sense may be found in Adam Ferguson's An Essay on the History of Civil Society ( Edinburgh, 1767 – p. 2 ): " Not only the individual advances from infancy to manhood, but the species itself from rudeness to civilisation.

Robert Filmer ’ s Patriarcha: or the Natural Power of Kings, which had been written before the English Civil War, became accepted as the statement of their doctrine.

The Commonwealth of England was the official name of the political unit ( de facto military rule in the name of parliamentary supremacy ) that replaced the kingdoms of Scotland and England ( after the English Civil War ) from 1649 to 1653 and 1659 to 1660.

After the English Civil War and the execution of Charles I, the republic's existence was initially declared by " An Act declaring England to be a Commonwealth " adopted by the Rump Parliament, on 19 May 1649.

Parliament had, to a large degree, encouraged the radical political groups which emerged when the usual social controls broke down during the English Civil War.

Category: English Civil War

Charles's last years were marked by the English Civil War, in which he fought the forces of the English and Scottish parliaments, which challenged his attempts to overrule and negate parliamentary authority, whilst simultaneously using his position as head of the English Church to pursue religious policies which generated the antipathy of reformed groups such as the Puritans.

Similarly, during the English Civil War rope-tension drums would be carried by junior officers as a means to relay commands from senior officers over the noise of battle.

Later, Defoe wrote Memoirs of a Cavalier ( 1720 ), set during the Thirty Years ' War and the English Civil War.

At the same time, the English Civil War pitting King against Parliament was just beginning.

During the English Civil War dragoons were used for a variety of tasks: providing outposts, holding defiles or bridges in the front or rear of the main army, lining hedges or holding enclosures, and providing dismounted musketeers to support regular cavalry.

While convalescing in his Virginia home he wrote a book recording his prison experiences and escape, entitled: They Shall Not Have Me Published originally in ( Helion's ) English by Dutton & Co. of New York, in 1943, the book was received by the press as a work of astonishing literary power and one of the most realistic accounts of World War 2, from the French side.

Not only was his Belgian nationality interesting because of Belgium's occupation by Germany ( which provided a valid explanation of why such a skilled detective would be out of work and available to solve mysteries at an English country house ), but also at the time of Christie's writing, it was considered patriotic to express sympathy with the Belgians, since the invasion of their country had constituted Britain's casus belli for entering World War I, and British wartime propaganda emphasized the " Rape of Belgium ".

* 1450 – Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years ' War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English forces, ending English domination in Northern France.

* 1704 – War of the Spanish Succession: Battle of Blenheim – English and Imperial forces are victorious over French and Bavarian troops.

* 1598 – Nine Years ' War: Battle of the Yellow Ford – Irish forces under Hugh O ' Neill, Earl of Tyrone, defeat an English expeditionary force under Henry Bagenal.

* 1599 – Nine Years ' War: Battle of Curlew Pass – Irish forces led by Hugh Roe O ' Donnell successfully ambush English forces, led by Sir Conyers Clifford, sent to relieve Collooney Castle.

Aachen was chosen as the site of several important congresses and peace treaties: the first congress of Aachen ( often referred to as Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle in English ) in 1668, leading to the First Treaty of Aachen in the same year which ended the War of Devolution.

* 1640 – Second Bishop's War: King Charles I's English army loses to a Scottish Covenanter force at the Battle of Newburn.

One of the cookbooks that proliferated in the colonies was The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy written by Hannah Glasse, wrote of disdain for the French style of cookery, stating “ the blind folly of this age that would rather be imposed on by a French booby, than give encouragement to a good English cook !” Of the French recipes, she does add to the text she speaks out flagrantly against the dishes as she “… think it an odd jumble of trash .” Reinforcing the anti-French sentiment was the French and Indian War from 1754-1764.

* 1512 – The naval Battle of Saint-Mathieu, during the War of the League of Cambrai, sees the simultaneous destruction of the Breton ship La Cordelière and the English ship The Regent.

* 1296 – First War of Scottish Independence: John Balliol's Scots army is defeated by an English army commanded by John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey at the Battle of Dunbar.

* 1704 – War of the Spanish Succession: Gibraltar is captured by an English and Dutch fleet, commanded by Admiral Sir George Rooke and allied with Archduke Charles.

Lyrical and almost epigrammatic in form, the poems ' wistful evocation of doomed youth in the English countryside, in spare language and distinctive imagery, appealed strongly to late Victorian and Edwardian taste, and to many early 20th century English composers ( beginning with Arthur Somervell ) both before and after the First World War.

At first selling slowly, it rapidly became a lasting success, and its appeal to English musicians had helped to make it widely known before World War I, when its themes struck a powerful chord with English readers.

During World War II, Japanese soldiers would yell in English, " To hell with Babe Ruth ", in order to anger American soldiers.

* 1642 – Charles I calls the English Parliament traitors.

* 1715 – George Hickes, English minister and scholar ( b. 1642 )

The English Civil War ( 1642 – 1651 ) was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians ( Roundheads ) and Royalists ( Cavaliers ).

The English Civil War, 1642 – 1645, led to an expansion of the gunpowder industry, with the repeal of the Royal Patent in August 1641.

Maps of territory held by Cavalier | Royalists ( red ) and Roundhead | Parliamentarians ( green ) during the English Civil War ( 1642 – 1645 )

The First English Civil War broke out in 1642, largely as a result of an ongoing series of conflicts between James ' son, Charles I, and Parliament.

During the English Civil War ( 1642 – 45 ) the town sided with parliament but was largely unaffected by the conflict.

In 1642, the Dutch drove the Portuguese out of the Gold Coast in Africa, the source of the bulk of Portuguese slave labourers, leaving this rich slaving area to other Europeans, especially the Dutch and the English.

* 1710 – David Mitchell, English admiral ( b. 1642 )

( 2001 ) Edgehill 1642: First Battle of the English Civil War.

" The term " anarchist " first entered the English language in 1642, during the English Civil War, as a term of abuse, used by Royalists against their Roundhead opponents.

For events between 1642 and 1648, See First English Civil War

The last recorded use of bows in an English battle seems to have been a skirmish at Bridgnorth, in October 1642, during the Civil War, when an impromptu town militia proved effective against un-armoured musketeers.

* 1642 – First English Civil War: Battle of Turnham Green – the Royalist forces withdraw in the face of the Parliamentarian army and fail to take London.

* 1642 – Battle of Edgehill: First major battle of the First English Civil War.

The first use of the word police (" Polles ") in English comes from the book " The Second Part of the Institutes of the Lawes of England " published in 1642

In alliance with the growing commercial world, the parliamentary opposition to the royal prerogative, and in the late 1630s with the Scottish Presbyterians with whom they had much in common, the Puritans became a major political force in England and came to power as a result of the First English Civil War ( 1642 – 46 ).

The word supersessionism comes from English supersede, first known to have been used with the meaning replace in 1642.

Along with the inventor and microscopist Robert Hooke ( 1635 – 1703 ), Sir Christopher Wren ( 1632 – 1723 ) and Sir Isaac Newton ( 1642 – 1727 ), English scientist and astronomer Edmond Halley ( 1656 – 1742 ) was trying to develop a mechanical explanation for planetary motion.

* English Renaissance theatre – also known as early modern English theatre, refers to the theatre of England, largely based in London, which occurred between the Reformation and the closure of the theatres in 1642.

** James Mabbe, English scholar and poet ( d. 1642 )

* February 10 – John Suckling, English poet ( d. 1642 )